船舶压载水排放带来海洋生物入侵的法律监管——以船旗国监控为视角

船舶压载水排放的船旗国监控是防止压载水排放带来海洋外来生物入侵的第一道防线。在指出船舶压载水排放带来海洋生物入侵的现状和危害的基础上,分析了船舶压载水排放船旗国监控的内涵和法理依据,探讨了船舶压载水排放的船旗国监控与港口国监控的关系及协调,提出了中国建立压载水船旗国监控的立法紧迫性。     

“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程教学模式思考

目前,我国“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程中存在着教学形式单一、考核评估方式单一化、职业道德的培养缺乏针时性等问题,急需一种新的教学模式来克服这些不足,而诊所式法律教育模式正好有效地解决了这些问题.为了有效在“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程引入诊所式法律教育模式,必须做好加强诊所教师培训等八个方面工作,才能真正改变“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程中存在的问题.     

不当得利“没有合法根据”之概念澄清——基于“给付”概念的中国法重释

不当得利＂没有合法根据＂的证明责任问题在诉讼法上争议颇多。在探讨＂没有合法根据＂的证明责任问题前,应首先在民法上澄清＂没有合法根据＂的具体所指。我国民法对不当得利的理解受到德日的混合影响,但并未察觉德日对不当得利的理解路径是不同的。德国学说通过物权行为等理论构建,奠定了＂给付＂概念的基础,并进而明确了＂没有合法根据＂的所指。日本法基于自己的判例构建了与德国形似神异的不当得利学说,其＂给付＂及＂没有合法根据＂的所指与德国法不同,并在一定程度上导致了不当得利的＂名不副实＂。我国法不承认物权行为理论,也不应继受日本异化的不当得利理论,应根据我国现有民法制度重释＂给付＂概念,并在此基础上确定不当得利＂没有合法根据＂的具体所指,为其证明责任的确定奠定基础,也为其他诉讼法问题的解决奠定民法基础。     

也谈我国的法律漏洞修复技术——基于一种司法实践的角度

众所周知,"司法是社会正义的最后一道防线"。我们看到司法活动对公民权利的保障和实现发挥着举足轻重的作用,其中法官的判决更是人们目光的"焦点",也是最关键的一个环节。我们从内心崇尚法律的权威,坚信法官依法判案,但是,实际上现有的法律并不是完美无缺,涵盖生活方方面面、点点滴滴的。当法官面对法律条文没有具体规定时,他们怎么办,他们怎样解决遇到的法律难题,怎样填补法律的漏洞以使判决具有公信力。由此,对当前我国司法实践中的法律漏洞的填补应进入更深层次的思考     

分析实证法学研究的新视角——以纯粹法理论为样本

分析实证法学的研究无法摆脱或超越分析实证法学理论"标签"的限制。在这样的研究局势下,研究成果将永远无法自我扬弃。通过讨论纯粹法理论,揭示其所包含的不可避免的政治因素,从而启示后来的研究者:如果以此种不同以往的进路进行研究,分析实证法领域将展现出一种超越"标签"之外的多面向的研究新境界。     

‘Fat cat’ lawyers and ‘illegal’ migrants: the impact of intersecting hostilities and toxic narratives on access to justice

ABSTRACT

This article examines how three spheres of hostility intersect to prevent effective access to justice for those living with insecure immigration status. The neoliberal governance model, the barren justice landscape and the hostile environment are supported by the cynical construction of the ‘fat cat’ lawyer and the toxic ‘folk devil’ narrative of the ‘bogus’ asylum seeker. To the extent that the judiciary have frustrated the more obvious, ideologically driven, attempts to restrict access to justice for migrants, the austerity predicated measures pursuant to the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO) have completely altered the legal landscape. The analysis is informed by the findings of the ‘Legal advice and support for persons with insecure status’ project (hereafter LAPIS) in Nottingham which explores the challenges faced by service providers and the lived experiences of those with insecurity of status. It is clear that access to justice is a passport to the realisation of other rights, yet participants struggled to access a remedy because legal advice is too often out of reach.     

Lost in space? the role of place in the delivery of social welfare law advice over the telephone and face-to-face

ABSTRACT

Advice that is provided exclusively over the telephone has been promoted by government as more convenient and accessible than face-to-face appointments. The resulting push towards telephone-only provision, as implemented by the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, challenges the long history of association between social welfare law advice and local delivery within disadvantaged communities. This article reports on qualitative research comparing telephone and face-to-face advice which uncovers the continuing relevance of place in the dynamics and mechanics of social welfare law provision. Familiarity with the geographical location, knowledge of local policies and procedures, relationships with opponents and allies, and an understanding of the ‘local legal culture’ mean that face-to-face advisers are often able to conduct their legal casework more effectively. Conversely, local knowledge is unlikely to be available to Community Legal Advice telephone advisers. This research suggests that, in addition, telephone-only advisers may be developing a more narrow understanding of the essential qualities of casework. These findings are particularly significant in view of the likely future expansion of remote methods of delivery in legal aid work.     

论公安机关侦查人员法律素养的差异化培养*--以教育培训为侧重

十八届四中全会以来，依法治国成为整个社会发展的主题。刑事侦查领域也提出了侦查法治化的思想，其中加强刑侦队伍正规化建设，提升刑侦队伍执法素养成为一个重要的环节。应该剖析侦查人员法律素养的内涵，立足于侦查人员不同的学习背景，提出差异化培养的思想，并通过有针对性的教育培训等途径提高侦查人员的法律素养，推动侦查工作的法治化进程。     

美国诱惑侦查制度及对我国的启示

美国社会执法实践中广泛存在诱惑侦查的使用，关于诱惑侦查的法律和制度规制经过长期演变和经验积累，形成了较为完整的诱惑侦查制度。本文通过对美国诱惑侦查制度的法律规定和具体实践的探究，以期为完善公安机关执法工作提供一些参考。我们应借鉴美国关于诱惑侦查方式运用的有益经验，加快有关诱惑侦查领域的立法进程，明确具体的法律规定。公安机关在执法实践中应正确认识诱惑侦查的合理性，慎用诱惑侦查手段，严格遵循程序执法，规范自身执法行为，积极改进执法方式。