China's stance on the Google/Motorola merger: Implications for competition in intellectual property-intensive sectors

China's merger enforcement agency approved the Google/Motorola merger with conditions. This pattern of approval is not in full accordance with that in other jurisdictions, including the United States and the European Union, which made unconditional approvals. This contradiction attracted ample criticism; some critics believe that China's policy is designed to protect domestic industry. In investigating the Chinese merger agency's decision and the basis for its decision making, this article finds that much of the criticism is groundless and misleading because the critics have failed to incorporate all elements of the global value chain of mobile intelligent terminals into their analyses. The investigation also shows that, although the decision makers are less experienced, their decisions are based on Chinese competition law and market realities. It is important for international firms to be aware of this pattern in merger analysis.     

中国民法典的体系

民法典的体系对民法典的制定至关重要 ,因为我国民法典的编纂不可能采取简单的汇编而不注重体系的模式 ,而应当采取逐步制定单行法 ,并按照一定的体系组合、修改、补充、完善的模式。这就是说 ,首先应当制定和修改各项民事法律和法规。然后 ,按法典体系对其修改、补充、完善 ,最终形成体系完整的民法典。将现行民事立法编入民法典中并非简单的汇编 ,而应当重新组合和完善。     

论发货人的权利、义务和责任

本文分析了发货人的含义及其特点 ,论述了发货人在海上货物运输法律关系中所享有的权利和应承担的义务和责任 ,在此基础上 ,对今后我国《海商法》第四章修改中关于发货人的法律规定提出了相应立法建议     

论医患关系的法律属性及处理医事纠纷的特有原则(上)

医事法(又称卫生法)究竟是属于民法的调整范畴还是属于行政法的范畴,对此,国内学术界争议民大.本文从医学科学与医疗行为的本质特征入手,揭示了医患关系拜不具备民事法律关系所必须具备的主体平等、双方自愿及等价有偿互惠互利三大特征中的任何一个特征,同时也不存在行政主体与行政相对人的关系.为此,文章首次提出了医事法既不调整横向的民事法律关系,也不调整纵向的行政法律关系、而是调整斜向的医事法律关系的一门独立的法律体系的理论.并根据医患关系的特征,得出了处理医患纠纷案件的特有原则与规则,为指导医患纠纷的公正处理,提供了理论依据.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子及其受体在脑损伤时的表达和应用

bFGF是一种广泛存在的多功能肽类生长因子,具有神经营养及促创伤修复功能.脑损伤可诱导bFGF及其特异性受体的表达,表明bFGF参与了CNS损伤后神经细胞的存活与损伤组织的修复过程,具有一定的治疗价值,同时其表达的时序性改变可作为一种客观指标用于法医学脑损伤时间的推断.     

法院制度功能之比较研究

法院制度之功能经历了历史演化 ,尤其是近现代以来 ,现代法院的地位、作用和传统法院相比较 ,有更加明显的变化。本文运用结构———功能的方法探析了现代法院制度和传统法院制度的异同 ,指出两种类型的法院制度在纠纷解决这一直接功能和社会控制、权力制约、形成公共政策等延伸性功能方面表现出来的变化 ,值得关注研究。     

从亲子鉴定的问题看标准化规范化管理的重要性

近年来,亲子鉴定技术在我国发展较快,越来越多的人应用这一鉴定手段维护了自己的合法权益.但我们发现,我国目前对鉴定部门的管理却相对滞后,主要表现为实验室缺乏规范化管理、鉴定机构良莠不齐、技术标准不够完备以及缺乏实验室的质量检测体系等.这些问题如不解决,将不适应司法体制改革的趋势,阻碍鉴定技术科学、公正地为司法实践服务.因此,我们呼吁有关部门对这一问题加以重视、加强协作,使科学鉴定早日走上标准化、规范化管理的道路.     

The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform

Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human rights. This article aims at identifying and describing factors of prime importance in the process of legal and institutional reform. Major factors are earmarked and derived from the proceedings in Zimbabwe and are compared with the situation in South Africa. Thorough analysis by the author of proceedings, preambles, memoranda, legislation and addenda has induced roughly 5 major reform issues: The call for equitable water distribution based on a widely consented water resources management strategy; The need for effective and efficient integrated water resources management conducive to stakeholder participation through decentralisation processes; The redressing of legal shortcomings in former water legislation with the emphasis on the introduction of integrated approaches; The introduction of instruments of cost recovery for water resources management; The need to develop human resources capacity and institutional strength within the implementing agencies.For both Southern African states, these issues appear to be of comparable importance as major triggers for legal and institutional reform, although not always in the same sense.The resulting most important legal and institutional changes are presented, discussed and compared. Finally, prospects for and constraints on implementation of the new water legislation in these countries are compared.     

A Selection of Empirical Socio-Economic Research with Respect to the Functioning of Legal Rules and Institutions in Belgium and the Netherlands

In this paper some studies with respect to empirical socio-economic research which has been undertaken in Belgium and the Netherlands concerning the functioning of legal rules and institutions are discussed. The paper focuses on the domains of criminal law, civil procedure, liability and insurance. The paper argues that contrary to the overwhelming economic literature on liability and insurance, the empirical results in that domain are poor. More research is undertaken in the area of criminal law and apparently it is overwhelming in the area of civil procedure. The latter studies are, however, mainly undertaken by socio-legal scholars and less by economists. The general conclusion of the empirical studies discussed seems to be that while the empirical literature on the effect of changes in the decision making environment on rational actions in the legal system is rich and provocative, there is much less empirical testing of the effects of legal rules as such on allocational outcomes. The paper argues that much more effort should be devoted to the latter issue.     

关于ＷＴＯ协定与外资国民待遇的若干思考

综观ＷＴＯ协定中的有关条款,尽管其在许多方面对国民待遇原则有了重在发展,但各领域的发燕尾服很不平衡,特别是在国际直接投资领域,国民待遇问题实际上还没有被ＷＴＯ提上议程,本认为,即使在ＷＴＯ体制下,有条件的国民待遇仍具有不可改变的属性。