侦查过程中的虚假供述问题研究

审讯的过程是为了克服嫌疑人被认为有罪的预期的阻力,获得法律容许的供词。因此,审讯的目标就是制造和增加犯罪嫌疑人的焦虑和绝望,减少其否认和沉默,以获取口供。为了实现这些目标,侦查人员采取的战术,包括隔离犯罪嫌疑人,然后采用正面或负面的激励。该文通过理解犯罪嫌疑人在特定情形下如何做出决定,然后描述虚假供述中的存在问题和外在因素,什么情况下会把无辜的人处于危险之中。     

马克思主义哲学实践意蕴的主要内容

实践是马克思主义哲学甚至是全部马克思主义的最本质内容或基础,这已为学术界所公认,但实践意蕴的内容、尤其是主要内容学界阐述、归结的并不统一.马克思主义哲学实践意蕴的主要内容包括三个方面:实践是马克思主义也是其哲学的基点;实践取向是事物本质及世界与人发生关系的实际确定者;以实践检验的方式将哲学还原为经验的事实.     

论司法心理测试技术在侦查中的作用

司法心理测试是我国已蓬勃兴起的一项有效的高新科技,因受不合时宜的旧观念制约,尤其缺乏高水平的培训,使该技术未能在侦查中发挥应有的作用,应加强培训,确立测谎仪的国家标准,建章立制,加强管理,借鉴科技成果,以提高测谎技术在侦查中的运用效果。     

CPS与ERP测谎方法不同测试顺序优越性的比较研究

ERP测谎技术作为一种新兴的测试技术不断应用于实际测试过程中，而为了保证测试的准确性，往往会将ERP测谎技术和CPS测谎技术结合使用。但两种测谎技术的测试顺序是否会对测试结论存在影响还无定论，因此文章拟利用同一模拟案件情境对被测人分别进行CPS和ERP测谎，并以测试顺序为变量来分析不同的测试顺序对测试结论是否具有显著影响，以期为心理测试实践提供一定的参考意见。     

Statistical inference and meta-analysis

Statistical inference is a common feature of meta-analysis. Statistical inference depends on a formal model that accurately characterizes certain key features of how the studies to be summarized were generated. The implications of this requirement are discussed and questions are raised about the credibility of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests routinely reported.

Results of a proposed breath alcohol proficiency test program

Although proficiency test programs have long been used in both clinical and forensic laboratories, they have not found uniform application in forensic breath alcohol programs. An initial effort to develop a proficiency test program appropriate to forensic breath alcohol analysis is described herein. A total of 11 jurisdictions participated in which 27 modern instruments were evaluated. Five wet bath simulator solutions with ethanol vapor concentrations ranging from 0.0254 to 0.2659 g/210 L were sent to participating programs, instructing them to perform n = 10 measurements on each solution using the same instrument. Four of the solutions contained ethanol only and one contained ethanol mixed with acetone. The systematic errors for all instruments ranged from -11.3% to +11.4% while the coefficient of variations ranged from zero to 6.1%. A components-of-variance analysis revealed at least 79% of the total variance as being due to the between-instrument component for all concentrations. Improving proficiency test program development should consider: (1) clear protocol instructions, (2) frequency of proficiency testing, (3) use lower concentrations for determining limits-of-detection and -quantitation, etc. Despite the lack of a biological component, proficiency test participation should enhance the credibility of forensic breath test programs.     

Prison population growth and crime reduction

The impact of state prison populations on crime is typically estimated by applying the lambda, the individual crime rate, of prisoners or arrestees. We outline the problems with this approach, attempt to reanalyze the widely divergent lambdas derived in past research, and make adjustments necessary to use lambdas for estimating the incapacitation impact. The result is an uncertain estimate of 16 to 25 index crimes averted per year per each additional prisoner. We argue that regression analysis can provide a better estimate of the impact of prison population growth. Applying the Granger test to pooled state data over 19 years, we found that prison population growth leads to lower crime rates but that crime rate changes have little or no short-term impact on prison population growth. Next we regressed crime rates on prison population and conclude that, on average, at least 17 index crimes are averted per additional prisoner. The impact is limited mainly to property crime.     

呼吸线长(RLL)在评图中的应用

心理生理测谎技术经历了一个从生理指标体系逐渐建立,到测试方法日趋完善的进程。而呼吸线长作为心理生理测谎技术中的一个指标是霍华德·特姆博士首次提出的,后来呼吸线长便成为用于计算呼吸反应强度的生理数据。呼吸线长就是一种测量发生在特定时间内呼吸活动的反应强度的方法,在测量呼吸线长过程中,一个更好的选择就是利用计算机进行测量。