“80后”青年群体特征的解读

“80后”青年与日新月异的高科技并肩成长，多元文化的土壤塑造了其思想开放，观念活跃，具有强烈的社会参与意识，创业中依托对高科技敏感占有的专利，彰显个性，追求人生潜在价值，同时充分享受时代馈赠的时尚生活，造就了“很我”的风格。他们是时代前进中的风向标。“80后”青年群体特征越来越被当作一种社会现象来研究，并已成为当今社会科学研究的热点课题之一。解读“80后”青年群体特征的价值观、创新精神、创业方式、生活方式，可把握住时代发展的脉络，因为青年是时代的未来。     

Romantic Engagement

正In the eyes of many Chinese,France is synonymous with romance.The mere mention of the country will conjure vivid images of its culture,lifestyle and fashion,while French icons such as the Louvre,Bordeaux wine and Christian Dior are widely admired in China.The relationship China has forged with France since the establishment of their diplomatic ties five decades ago,however,is not only romantic but also pragmatic and     

The Internet Propelling China to Greater Vitality and Openness

正China did not connect to the Internet until 1994,25 years after it fi rst appeared.It has since fl ourished rapidly and robustly.Today,618 million Chinese use the Internet,500 million of them via mobile phones,representing 73 percent of the urban population and 25percent of rural residents.More than 80 percent are young people.An open,free,shared,and innovative space,the Internet appeals to people of a country that has achieved rapid economic growth.It has changed their lifestyle,most profoundly as regards communi-     

Household composition,routine activity,and victimization: A comparative analysis

Adults living in single-parent households report high rates of personal and household victimization. Data from the 1982 British Crime Survey and from the 1983 Victim Risk Supplement to the U.S. National Crime Survey are used to determine whether this higher risk is due to particular patterns of routine activity among members of single-parent households. Findings indicate that these persons are disproportionately victimized by present or former spouses. Often unemployed, they are at greatest risk in the home domain. Deleting close prior relationship incidents eliminates the effects of household composition on personal victimization and produces logit models that are similar for the U.S. and British surveys.     

Wages of Sin? The Link Between Offending, Lifestyle and Violent Victimisation

In this study the authors examine whether there is a link between offending and violent victimisation. They explore the extent to which this link can be explained by differences in people's lifestyle. In keeping with recent criminological developments, they seek to explain differences in the risk of violent victimisation throughout peoples life course. For this purpose, data has been analysed on the past 25 years in the lives of 1,939 respondents, who constituted a representative sample of the Dutch population in 1996. The data was taken from the Netherlands Survey of Criminality and Law Enforcement. For each year of their life, data were recorded on the respondents' marital, fertility, residential, educational and employment history. What is more, for each year in this period, data are available on their violent victimisation and their offending. The data was analysed with multi-level models. The results show that people who engage in violent crimes and vandalism are at greater risk of being victims than people who do not and that this relationship can only be partially explained by lifestyle.     

Lifestyle changes and risks of criminal victimization

Routine activity/lifestyle theories have been used to explain temporal changes in crime rates, the social ecology of crime, and individuals' risks of criminal victimization. Using a panel of 33,773 individuals and 19,005 households at two points in time, the current study extends previous research by examining whether changes in lifestyles are associated with changes in individuals' risks of personal and property victimization. Changes in lifestyles which signal greater target visibility or exposure to motivated offenders (greater daytime and nighttime activity outside the home) and reduced guardianship (decreases in the number of household members) are generally associated with increased risks of both types of victimization. Persons who maintained high levels of nighttime activity outside the household were also more likely to remain victims at both time periods. However, active lifestyle changes (increased precautionary actions) did not have their expected impact on reducing victimization risks, and several other changes over time also were inconsistent with expectations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of passive and active lifestyle changes on victimization risks and the implications of our findings for developing sociological theories of criminal victimization.An early draft of this paper was presented at the Annual Meetings of the American Society of Criminology, November 11–14, 1987. The data for this study were originally collected by the Bureau of Census for the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration and were made available by the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Neither the collectors of the data nor the Consortium bears any responsibility for the analyses or interpretations presented here.     

A Correspondence analysis of lifestyle health risk behavior of public service employees

The study analyses the health risks to which individual employees of public institutions in Nigeria, particularly tertiary institutions, are exposed as a result of their individual lifestyles. It makes use of the special features of correspondence analysis to examine, comprehensively, the health lifestyle behaviours of the three categories of staff in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The study finds that academic members of staff are more exposed to risk than the other categories of staff as a result of their lifestyle. It recommends that a special counselling programme be drawn up for this category of staff to sensitise them about the risks associated with particular lifestyle behaviours. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in this respect. It is expected that with proper counselling directed at the group that is most at risk, the incidence of sudden deaths can he reduced. In turn, this will help the institutions to work out a smoother succession plan.     

Risks of Criminal Victimization in Contemporary Urban China: An Application of Lifestyle/Routine Activities Theory

The philosophical underpinnings of youth courts rest on the notion that youths are less culpable and more reformable than adults. Some scholars argue that, ideally, when sentencing youth crime, judges should engage youthful offenders in moral communication to elicit change. But do they? What more generally do judges say to the youths? This paper analyzes the frequency and content of judicial censure and moral communication in the sentencing of youth sex offenders. Drawing on the sentencing remarks for 55 sexual violence cases, we examine the ways in which judges interact with youths and censure the offenses, and what, if any, normative guidance they give concerning gender, sexuality, and violence. We found that in most but not all cases, the judges censured the offending as both a moral and legal wrong. However, they spent more time discussing a youth’s future than past behavior, as they sought to elicit change. The judges did not degrade or exclude the offenders; rather, they addressed them in a spirit of reintegration, as worthy individuals with future potential. Although the judges set norms of appropriate sexual behavior to the youths when the offense victims were children, they did not always do so when victims were female peers. In this Youth Court, “real rape” was sexual offending by a youth against a child under 12 years of age. By contrast, in about one‐fifth of cases, all of which occurred against a female peer, the offending was censured only as a legal wrong (a “pseudo censure”) and less likely subject to judicial norm setting.     

老子自然主义文化观下的廉洁社会生活方式

当前国内学界的反腐理论研究主要局限于以处理"公权力"与"公职"关系为核心内容的管理学领域,在文化反腐理论研究领域尚显乏力。老子以中国传统文化中的自然主义文化认同路径为切入点,批判了"损不足以补有余"的人类社会生活法则对人自身、社会、国家秩序潜在的破坏性逻辑,提出了自然主义文化视野下的廉洁社会生活方式的可能性,以及培育以自然主义文化为基础的廉洁社会生活方式的现实路径。老子的这一思想对于当下正确厘清文化反腐内涵,准确把握文化反腐路径,制定科学反腐决策具有积极的现实意义。     

Enlightenment from Security

正China’s fully-functioning connection with the international Internet over the past two decades has triggered social reform,bringing with it the concepts and values of openness,freedom,sharing,and innovation.Many regard it as a renewed openingup since the launch in 1978 of the reform and opening-up policy.When reviewing and summing up the 20-year history of the Internet in China,most salient is its innovative effect.Such innovation has both changed the Chinese people’s lifestyle and promoted economic,political,cultural,scientifi c,and educa-