Mandibular morphology as an indicator of human subadult age: interlandmark approaches

The dentition is widely recognized as the set of developmental markers that appear to show the least variability against chronological age; these markers are thus widely used in forensic anthropological investigations. As a possible alternative, we investigate here the potential of mandibular morphology as a developmental marker for estimating age at death in subadults. The sample analyzed comprises 79 known age and sex subadult individuals of South African Bantu and African American origin. Linear measurements of ramus height were obtained from the mathematical conversion of three-dimensional landmark data. A series of regression analyses were then performed to predict age by using the measurement of ramus height; results were cross-validated using a jackknife procedure. Our results show that ramus height can be used to predict age in the subadult skeleton with accuracy, closely approaching that of standards based on the dentition (standard error rates are between +/-1.1 years and +/-2.4 years).     

Exclusion or interests? Why females in elected office reduce petty and grand corruption

Disappointed by the numerous failures of anticorruption reforms, international organisations, scholars and policy makers increasingly place their hopes on measures aimed at enhancing gender equality and in particular increasing the inclusion of female representatives in elected assemblies. Yet most studies to date focus on aggregate measures of corruption and fail to explain why the correlation between women's representation and levels of corruption occurs. Using newly collected regional-level, non-perception-based measures of corruption, this study distinguishes between different forms of corruption and shows that the inclusion of women in local councils is strongly negatively associated with the prevalence of both petty and grand forms of corruption. However, the reduction in corruption is primarily experienced among women. This suggests that female representatives seek to further two separate political agendas once they attain public office: the improvement of public service delivery in sectors that tend to primarily benefit women; and the breakup of male-dominated collusive networks.     

鄂伦春语疑问句的类型及其特征

文章运用语言类型学理论视角,以田野调查所获第一手自然语料为基础,描写分析了鄂伦春语疑问句的类型特征及其标记形式。虽然鄂伦春语的极性问句和内容问句两种基本功能类型的标记方式较为单一,但是两种疑问句在语调模式和形态变化表现等方面各具特点。鄂伦春语的极性问句和内容问句在形态句法特征等方面也符合类型学上的诸多共性特征。     

法律语言中“可以”语意特征分析——兼论语言规范和法律语言规范

日常语体中常见词可以词义特征并非单一,而法律语体中可以的语意特征更趋复杂。本文通过对该词《刑法》用例的全面归纳与分析,探求《刑法》中可以的各种不同的语意特征。一般法律人士认为,《刑法》中可以主要表示授权性规范,给司法机关以自由裁量权,即表示可能意,而实际情况则不然,所以引起了一些不必要的争议。     

法律的道德论证——一个语言哲学的视角

对法律进行道德论证会遇到“明希豪森困境”和“休谟问题”的干扰,语言学规则为法律论证提供了一种新的可能,虽然语言学论证中也会有诸如概念含义过于复杂等困难,但是,作为一种不同于传统法律论证理论,其所提供的解释视角和评判标准则是很有价值的。     

谈证券市场因虚假陈述引发的民事诉讼

长期以来,我国证券市场侵权诉讼立法以及司法实践都处于滞后状态,甚至一度出现了暂不受理此类案件的情形。但在加入WTO后,我国明显加快了证券市场立法步伐。随着立法的不断完善,在司法审判实践中要求更好地予以贯彻执行。证券市场虚假陈述民事侵权案件是法院在受理的案件中较复杂的、专业性、技术性很强的案件。涉及到一系列证券专业知识及技术。因此,新出台的《规定》对该类案件中原、被告的确定、被告的归责责任、因果关系认定、诉讼模式、前置程序、赔偿额的确定等方面作了详细的规定。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒HN株5a 5b及N基因的遗传变异分析

从河南省某鸡场中疑似鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)的雏鸡病料中分离到1 株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV),暂命名为HN,鉴定为IBV。从接种HN毒株的鸡胚尿囊液中提取单股RNA后应用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT PCR)技术扩增得到包含IBV HN株5a、5b蛋白及N蛋白基因的约1 600 bp片段;将克隆测序的5a、5b及N基因分别与GenBank中11 株国内外参考毒株相应基因进行序列比较与遗传变异分析,发现IBV HN株变异独特,明显不同于国内外参考毒株。     

On MMK 24.18

The paper explores the extent to which one of the most cited passages in the Western literature on Madhyamaka furnishes a solid basis for particular interpretations regarding the author of the Mūlamadhyamakakārikās. On the one hand it is attempted to show that MMK 24.18 harmonizes well with an exegesis according to which the creator of the concerned work propagated a view that could be labelled by the designation ‘Metaphysical Illusionism’. On the other hand particular features pertaining to natural language and linguistic communication in general are explored in order to a) account for methodological principles as well as limitations to which exegetical undertakings in the pertinent matter are subject and b) to provide an explanation for certain characteristics of Nāgārjuna’s philosophy.     

Profiler Plus试剂盒扩增Amelogenin基因座变异1例

目的探讨日常检案及DNA数据库建设中常用的ProfilerPlus系统扩增法医生物检材可能出现的变异情况。方法分别采用ProfilerPlus试剂盒扩增、毛细管电泳分析及Amelogenin单基因座扩增、银染技术分型两种方法分别检测两份血痕的基因型。结果应用ProfilerPlus试剂盒扩增、毛细管电泳分析发现X-Y同源Amelogenin基因座的X片段丢失,而运用Amelogenin单基因座扩增、银染技术分型则X片段正常出现。结论应用ProfilerPlus系统分析法医生物检材,有可能出现等位基因丢失现象,此现象需要引起我们在日常检案及DNA数据库建设中的足够重视。     

论民国时期书画润例语言形式的广告价值

民国时期,书画润例是众多广告中较为特殊的一种,其制定者及消费者在对传统书画文化认同方面的默契,使处于语言大变革时期的润例的语言形式依然保持着“古雅”的韵味。这一现象表明,作为书画广告的润例因书画这一特殊商品与传统文化之间天然的、紧密的联系,从而能够保持古色古香的韵味而少受时代变迁的影响。研究民国时期润例的语言形式,对于现今广告制作的语言运用亦有一定的参考价值。