浅析《老子》翻译——《老子》译本的描述性研究

从描述性翻译研究的新视角对历时近三百年产生的二百多本涵盖《老子》世传、帛书、竹简3种版本的译本进行全面历史性描述,得到以下要点:一是《老子》译本的翻译根据3种不同版本呈现出3种翻译趋势与热潮,随着历史时期的变化而变化对中国古典文学的翻译倾向产生不同影响;作为边缘文化的典例对西方文化也造成了一定影响。二是多译本《老子》这一文学翻译典例表明文学翻译批评应兼具规定性翻译批评研究和描述性翻译批评研究,以此完整的翻译批评系统推动翻译文学事业的发展。     

鲁迅小说不如张爱玲小说吗?

在美国的汉学界,从夏志清到王德威,都认为张爱玲是比鲁迅更为优秀的、现代中国最杰出的小说家.本文通过对鲁迅与张爱玲小说的比较,尤其通过对夏志清有关鲁迅小说艺术批评的再审视,得出结论:张爱玲与鲁迅不是一个层次上的作家,也不是一个重量级的选手,将张爱玲与鲁迅相提并论甚至以为前者创作成就超过后者,是一个没有意义的伪命题.     

Psychosocial Resources in First-Year University Students: The Role of Identity Processes and Social Relationships

The investigation involved the assessment of a model predicting that family and university relationship environments are linked with identity processes and identity states (statuses) that predict psychosocial resources among first-year university students. A sample of 351 university students, between the ages of 18 and 21 years, completed measures of psychosocial maturity based on Erikson's notions of ego virtues, a measure of identity processing styles (diffuse-avoidant, normative, and information styles), identity statuses (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement), measures of family climate (conflict, expression, cohesion), and assessments of university relationships with faculty, advisors, and students. Based on linear structural equations, the model, with some adjustments, had a good fit with the data and demonstrates the complex association between perceived family and school climate, identity formation, and the association with psychosocial resources. The investigation demonstrates how multivariate model testing can be completed to assess some of the complexity suggested by Erik Erikson regarding identity formation. Gerald R Adams is a Professor of Family Relations and Human Development at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. His major interests focus on family relations, identity development, education, and prevention. Michael Berzonsky is Professor of Psychology at State University of New York at Cortland, New York. His major interests are identity styles, social cognition, and adolescent development. Leo Keating is a data analyst at the University of Guelph.     

党的利益与人民利益纵论

党的利益是一个非常敏感而且政治性很强的问题。从政治学和党的历史上来看,党是有自己的利益的,而且党的利益与人民的利益在本质上具有一致性。在承认党的利益的基础上我们所要做的工作就是通过各种途径努力维护和实现党的利益。     

Sense of Belonging Among High School Students Representing 4 Ethnic Groups

The authors investigated the dimensions and mechanisms of belonging relevant to motivation and achievement among high school students representing 4 ethnic groups. Using survey data from 9th to 12th grade students (N = 5,494) attending 7 ethnically-diverse high schools, structural equation modeling was employed to explore, independently for each ethnic group, the relationships between students’ perceptions of their belonging (encompassing relationships with teachers and peers, extracurricular involvement, and perceived ethnic-based discrimination), motivation (efficacy beliefs and valuing school activities), and academic success. All 4 measures of belonging were significant for European-American and Latino students. However, friendship nominations were not significant for all groups, suggesting potential variability in perspectives across ethnic groups. The strength of the structural model postulating belonging as a mediator, including statistically significant indirect paths, supported the hypothesis that the belonging construct accounted for much of the relationship between student motivation and success across groups.Beverly Faircloth is a doctoral candidate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research interests include the developmental and motivational processes that support adolescent school engagement in ethnically diverse settings.Jill Hamm is an Assistant Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1996. Her research interests are adolescents’ peer relations in ethnically diverse schools and classrooms.     

女性文学批评本土化过程中的语境差异

西方女性主义文学批评进入中国后遇到了完全不同于其理论源头的接受环境。这些接受环境差异包括:一、历史背景的差异,其主要表现为西方女性主义文学批评是先“破”后“立”,而中国本土则是先“立”后“破”;二、意识形态差异,主要表现为西方文化中的民主传统与中国传统文化中的集权思想形成的对照;三、学术背景差异,西方女性主义文学批评是以反拨“新批评”的学术革命开始的,而中国本土则得益于马克思主义的社会历史批评的滋养。这些差异既决定了中国女性主义文学批评的独特面貌,同时又呼唤西方理论本土化研究的新思路。     

对美国警方管理工作业绩考核新方法的研究

"受教育程度"与"工作满意程度"两项内容是美国警方招募、录用新警察及考核他们工作业绩的新标准和新方法。这种方法一改传统的警察招募标准和业绩考核方式,招募更多的具有大学本科和更高学历者加入警察队伍。在警察管理上,采用传统的规章制度型管理方式的同时,运用心理学理论,从提高警察的心理素质入手,促使他们更加热爱警察工作,调动他们的积极性和工作热情,进一步提高工作效率。     

文学理论:从教学形态到理论本体探讨

探讨文学理论的学科体系和理论本体问题 ,可以从文学理论的教学形态入手。在我国现行文学理论教学形态中 ,其学科概念、范畴所指存在着一些习惯性的理解与表达错误 ,导致文学理论与文学发展史、文学批评相分离。文学理论的理论活力减弱 ,使其逐渐成为知识汇编。重建文学理论学科 ,改进其教学形态 ,其思想基点是深入探索文学理论赖以生存的哲学美学资源和文学构成本身。文学理论首先是一种“理论” ,思维与方法是其不可缺少的特质 ;然后是关于“文学的”理论 ,必须紧扣文学本身进行言说。     

神秘瑰丽的大自然的歌手——艾米莉·狄金森自然诗作初探

本文从社会历史研究的角度剖析艾米莉·狄金森的自然诗作 ,指出狄金森笔下的自然对人类时而慈爱友善 ,时而充满敌意 ,既带给人类愉悦与和谐 ,又给人类以伤害。论文深入个人的、文化的和历史的背景 ,剖析造就这种矛盾的自然观的原因 ,从而揭示了困扰众多中国读者的“狄金森之迷”     

哥本哈根会议的得失和昭示

哥本哈根会议是一系列全球气候变化会议中最重要的会议,背负着全人类的重托和冀望,虽然此次会议取得了一些重要进展,但因其不具有法律约束力和未提及具体温室气体减排目标,使得相关利益诉求并未得到满意的平衡。会议昭示我们,中国碳减排和低碳经济发展任务十分艰巨,需要切实可行的新思路。