Social-Demographic,School, Neighborhood,and Parenting Influences on the Academic Achievement of Latino Young Adolescents

Using data from a national sample of 388 Latino young adolescents, this study identified the social-demographic characteristics, influences in the broader social environment, and parenting practices that predict youth academic achievement. Youths who were Mexican American, older, and had an English language problem had lower levels of reading and mathematics achievement. Youths of mothers who began childbearing at older ages, had higher levels of intellectual abilities, and reported no English language problem scored better on both types of achievement tests, but poverty was related only to reading achievement. Attendance in higher-rated schools was associated with higher reading and mathematics scores, but residence in better quality neighborhoods was related only to reading achievement. Three parenting practices—providing cognitive stimulation, parent–youth conflict, and academic involvement—predicted both types of achievement. The effect of poverty on reading achievement was explained by residence in lower quality neighborhoods, lower levels of cognitive stimulation, and parent–youth conflict.Associate Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Received PhD in Social Welfare from the University of Wisconsin – Madison. Research interests include examining the effects of poverty and other risk factors on the well-being of children, adolescents, and families.     

谈音乐中的文学性内容

音乐中所具有的文学性内容包括:一、过程,文学展开的是客观世界的过程,音乐展开的是主观世界的过程,它的作用是为听众的文学性联想提供过程的依据;二、冲突,文学通过突如其来的事件的闯入或两种力量的斗争造成冲突,音乐是通过音响中包含的感情力量之间的对比暗示客观世界的冲突;三、抒情,文学的抒情有表达感情、描写感情和借景抒情三方面,而音乐的抒情是“借情抒情”,通过对情绪氛围的描述,达到对感情内容的主观表达。想象的介入使音乐概括性的表达闪现出文学性的内容。     

大众传播语境下文学话语的转型

大众传媒时代的到来营构了新的文学传播语境,文学话语的深刻转型正在凸显。主要表现为:一是纯文学与通俗文学的融合有了新的内涵;二是随着大众媒体的日益视觉化,文学从外部媒介形式到内在叙事方式都由图像的符号体系中吸纳了富有表现力的因素,具有了视觉文化的某些特征;三是大众媒体在将文学置入一种新的传播语境的同时,也打破了文学文类内部既有的规范和秩序,形成了与此前形貌迥异的文学版图。     

“美人之美”：多民族文化的战略选择

论文认为,中华民族文化是具有多层次多侧面丰富多彩的文化,汉族以外的各少数民族文化,与汉族文化形成互补、互渗、互相支持的内在机制,理应纳入我国文化输出和发生影响的战略思考中。由此论文提出“美人之美”是多民族文化的战略选择。具体到作为文化一部分的民族文学及民族文学理论领域则分别为：其一,民族文学理论中诸如朴素务实的文学艺术观、人与宇宙中万事万物等量齐观的思想蕴含着少数民族人生观和世界观,是我国文化思想的重要资源。其二,民族文学文本兼具民间口头文学和文人创作双重特性,并含有原始诗性智慧,对当代艺术想象和思想建设具有启示和借鉴意义。其三,民族文学的文化认同具有本民族认同和国家认同的双重性以及认同历史进步的民主性。是我国爱国主义思想非常有特色的组成部分。论文最后提出,“美人之美”不仅是认识和阐释,同时还是一种博大胸襟和深切关怀,对他民族文化的热爱、赞美和关切。质言之,“美人之美”存在于信仰中,是一种需要建构的姿态。     

论经济法模型世界的构筑——对经济法理念研究的历程回顾与评价

比之经济法,中国尚无其他法律部门如其般要经历生死存亡的考验,要从附属的阴影下挣扎出自己的独立,欲自立,必自足,经济法要走出被质疑的窘境,惟有通过基础理论的自足而自立。在此精神指引下,经济法理念研究形成了自己的特色:构建观点的现代化、探索视角的多元化和研究方法的创新化。于成就论,经济法理念研究确立了其与时俱进的探索基调,建立了其多音争辩的榷议模式,并开启了其制度指引的转化进程。当然,我们同时也要正视其在成果表现、理念总结、研究界限和探索路径等方面的不足,继续进行深度的研究。     

Bending conventions: agency and self-portrayals in Japanese translator commentary

Abstract: The recent surge of interest in the figure of the translator has brought translator-authored writing into the spotlight in Translation Studies. Investigations into translator commentaries (in-book paratexts such as prefaces and afterwords) have generally mined them for data about translation history and procedures. Yet translator commentary also offers a potential space where translators can stake positions as cultural agents through first-person writing. This article investigates how translators present themselves in such texts, using Japanese literary translators as an example. It takes a random sample of Japanese translator commentaries from books in various literary genres, establishes their textual conventions, and then performs close readings of five commentaries to explore how translators write themselves into their text. The translators show themselves to be concerned with how their writing is received. Some use devices such as pastiches and anecdotes to entertain and inform readers, asserting their voice as writers. Others frame their identity as members of literary communities or socially conscious individuals. In so doing, they project identities as cultural agents. Consequently, this study argues that translator commentary should be re-examined in translation studies as a potential site of subjective expression and positioning in the literary field.     

“打通”和“分界”:回到中国现当代文学

将传统意义上的中国现代文学与中国当代文学"打通",是当下中国现当代文学研究格局深化调整的某种必然.若把中国大陆、台湾、香港三地文学纳入共同的参照视野,不难发现,1945-1949年的中国文学是更多地贯通着1950年代文学形态的,而在传统的研究中,这种内在的贯通性恰恰被阻断,由此可以引起我们对中国现当代文学"打通"和"分界"的重新思考.笔者认为,可以把距今30年以上的文学作为"现代文学史",着重从文学史观的调整、深化来建构;把近30年的文学作为"当代文学"的批评内容,着重从文学批评观的调整深化对当下文学历史完成"同代人"的留摄、考察.相信这样一种分界经得起时间推移,有利于中国现当代文学的学科建设.     

Parental Aspirations for Their Children’s Educational Attainment: Relations to Ethnicity,Parental Education,Children’s Academic Performance,and Parental Perceptions of School Climate

This study examined parental aspirations for their children’s educational attainment in relation to ethnicity (African American, Asian, Caucasian, Hispanic), parental education, children’s academic performance, and parental perceptions of the quality and climate of their children’s school with a sample of 13,577 middle and high school parents. All parents had relatively high educational aspirations for their children, and within each ethnic subgroup, parental education and children’s academic performance were significantly and positively related to parental aspirations. However, moderating effects were found such that Caucasian parents with lower levels of education had significantly lower educational aspirations for their children than did parents of other ethnicities with similar low levels of education. Although the strength of the relationship between parental perceptions of school-related factors and parental aspirations for their children’s educational attainment was not strong, it was most predictive of non-Caucasian parental aspirations for their children.

A Longitudinal Study of the Simultaneous Influence of Mothers’ and Teachers’ Educational Expectations on Low-income Youth’s Academic Achievement

This short-term longitudinal study investigated the simultaneous influences of adults’ (mothers and teachers) educational expectations and youth’s achievement (standardized test scores and teachers’ ratings of academic performance) across a 3-year time span on youth’s performance in school (GPA). Participants were an ethnically diverse sample of 426 low-income urban youth, ages 6 through 16 at T1. Results from cross-lagged and autoregressive path analyses indicated stability in adults’ expectations and youth’s standardized test scores; cross-lagged influences of teachers’, but not mothers’, expectations across time; and effects of youth’s achievement outcomes on adults’ expectations at T2, but not vice versa. Overall, the pattern of findings demonstrate that adults’ educational expectations are dynamic and responsive to how youth are faring in school and to changes in academic performance across time.

当代大学语文教育五派主要观点述评

新时期以来,广大语文教育工作者及一些人文学者对大学语文教育进行了多方面卓有成效的探索,出版了数百种大学语文教材,展现了多姿多态、异彩纷呈的大学语文教育理念。当代大学语文教育的先进理念主要体现在选文教育派、人文教育派、文学教育派、语文专题派、人文语文派等五个重要派别里,它们站在时代的制高点上共同引领了中国高校语文教育改革的大潮。当代大学语文教育也存在明显局限,这就是常脱离大学语文本身去谈语文教育,且无视大学语文学科群既高度综合,又深度分化、广度辐射的发展趋势。