文学人类学:中西交流中的兼容与发展

文学人类学,顾名思义就是文学和人类学两个不同学科的交叉与结合.20世纪后半期以来,文学人类学既是西方文学与人类学界一批前沿学者的积极主张,亦是一种逐渐向其他学科领域扩展、渗透的新理论和新方法,同时又是一种影响广泛的重要流派.近半个世纪以来,文学人类学则成为了中国文学和人类学研究领域的一个新的分支,并正对人文研究中的其他学科产生着日益深广的影响.     

韦勒克的文学本体观

韦勒克力图将文艺社会学、形式派美学、结构主义美学、符号论美学、现象学美学融合起来,把文学外在的社会生活、意识观念方面同作品自身内在方面结合为一个符号和意义多层结构的整体,以克服文学内容与形式二元的对立,但是他并没有把它们真正有机地融合起来,骨子里仍然是形式本体的观念支配着.     

否定之否定:中国文学理论发展的历史过程

将中国文学理论放在历史的坐标上加以观察,纵轴是中国文学理论发展的历史过程,横轴则是同时期不同质的文学理论的相互影响。中国文学理论的发展经过了一个不断吸收传统文化与异质文化营养的过程。这是一个否定之否定的历史过程。     

An Ethical Interpretation of Free Will and Game-Playing in Harold Pinter's The Lover

Harold Pinter's The Lover (1963) arouses reflections on the marital ethics. As the main plot of the play, the game-playing between Richard and Sarah in their house demonstrates literally the social and ethical transformation during 1960s—1970s. By using the artistic technique of role-switching, Pinter intends to decode the fact that Man is an existence of Sphinx factor, composing human and animal factors, which causes the extramarital love. During the erotic game, the couple is controlled by the animal factors, and their free will overcomes the moral obligation within the ethical conflicts. There is no doubt that the essence of game-playing is how to make the ethical choice. At the same time, the negative effects from the extramarital love is also emphasized.     

Reflections on the Thoughts that Revolutionized the World

正How to Change the World:Tales of Marx and Marxism Author:Eric Hobsbawm Price:RMB 88(hardback)Published by Central CompilationTranslation Press in March 2014,BeijingBRITISH historian Eric Hobsbawrr has become synonymous with serious historiography.But in 2014,he became a hit in China's literary circles.The scholar's sudden popularity began with the publication of the first Chinese edition of How to Change the World.In less than a month,the first run of 3,000 copies was sold out,and a second run was hastily printed.For an academic book priced at RMB 88,the market was unexpectedly eager.Hobsbawm was born in Egypt in 1917.At two years old,he was brought to Vienna and soon to Berlin.In 1933 when Hitler took     

Introduction: Kawabata Yasunari in the twenty-first century

Abstract: This introduction argues that there is a need to engage in a fresh re-reading of Kawabata Yasunari. It proposes several possible approaches, including using Kawabata as a model for understanding processes of literary canonization, a rethinking of his reception around the globe during the Cold War period, and a historicization of his work in relation to the various censorship regimes that existed in twentieth-century Japan. It also provides brief summaries of the articles contained in this special issue.     

寻找伦理存在的自我——《培尔·金特》中的理性意志与伦理选择

易卜生的诗剧《培尔·金特》是一则关于斯芬克斯因子的不同组合与变化的寓言,展示了理性意志、自由意志和非理性意志之间的伦理冲突.培尔的“白日梦”是其兽性因子的表达与彰显,培尔的“出行”是对伦理责任的逃逸和规避,是其理性意志处于蒙昧状态、非理性意志肆意膨胀的体现;培尔的“归家”是其理性意识得到提升,克服非理性意志,摆脱兽性因子,向人性因子靠拢的选择,最终成为与兽相区别的、伦理的存在.本文紧扣“白日梦”“出行”“归家”三条伦理主线,通过逐一解构伦理选择、伦理身份、伦理意识等若干伦理结,来试图剖析易卜生蕴含在作品深处的道德旨趣:在受到道德指引、遵守道德准则的情况下,人的理性意志就会增强,人性因子得以彰显,人会成为一种伦理的存在;如果缺乏伦理意识,违背道德准则,缺乏道德指引,人的非理性意志就会占据上风,兽性因子就会失控,人就会误入歧途,实施伦理犯罪,引发伦理混乱.     

Correlates of distance to crime in Mexico City

This study examined the correlates of distance to crime in a sample of 412 prison inmates in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. The study focused on crimes of theft and included a spatial analysis of the crime scene and the place of residence of the prison inmates. The data show a high clustering of criminals in a few neighbourhoods surrounding the old downtown area. Also, 38.8% of the sampled criminals committed their crimes in the same neighbourhood where they lived. Regression analysis revealed two independent and positive correlations of distance to crime: the monetary gain of the crime and if the prison inmates' intimate partner was also in jail. These findings suggest that, aside from the monetary rationale in the distance to crime function, the neighbourhood and family contexts deserve further research for a better understanding of criminal behaviour in Mexico.     

Reputation in a dark network of online criminals

This paper focuses on criminals who could easily be labelled as entrepreneurs and who deal in compromised computer systems. Known as botmasters, these individuals use their technical skills to take over and control personal, business and governmental computers. These networks of hijacked computers are known as botnets in the security industry. With this massive computing power, these criminals can send large amounts of spam, attack web servers or steal financial data – all for a fee. As entrepreneurs, the botmasters' main goal is to achieve the highest level of success possible. In their case, this achievement can be measured in the illegitimate revenues they earn from the leasing of their botnet. Based on the evidence gathered in literature on legitimate and illegitimate markets, this paper sets to understand how reputation could relate to criminal achievement as well as what factors impact a heightened level of reputation in a criminal market.     

缅甸大变革及其对中缅关系的影响

自2011年3月吴登盛领导的新政府执政以来,着力调整内外政策,迅速开启了“变革”之门。对内,统治缅甸40多年的军政府逐步向文官政府交权,工作重心开始转向经济改革。对外,积极融入东盟,同西方国家关系出现重大“突破”。对华,坚持睦邻友好,两国关系稳定发展。但缅甸的民主改革不会一蹴而就,还有不少问题有待解决,任何操之过急的期待或行为,恐将适得其反。