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91.
《Journal of Gender Studies》2012,21(1):27-39
This article focuses on the correlation between the gender of authors and the winners of literary awards in Flanders in the last two decades of the twentieth century. The hypothesis is that the chances of winning such an award are different for male and female writers. The article will investigate the reasons for this imbalance. The authors look at the impact the gender of the authors seems to have and at the gender of the judges. The article will answer questions such as: Are female authors treated unfairly by the Flemish literary system? Does an all-male jury favour male candidates? Do men write ‘better’ books? Yet the article will also consider the professionalism of female authors: are they somehow to blame for the imbalance? Do they enter competitions as fervently as male authors? Are they willing to promote themselves and create the necessary networks? Finally, the article will investigate whether there is a difference between the literary genres: are female writers of children's books more likely to win an award than their female colleagues writing for adults? 相似文献
92.
《Journal of Gender Studies》2012,21(2):105-123
The paper is an ethnographic study examining the gendering of jewellery production in the villages of Medinipur, West Bengal, India. The jewellery (primarily hand woven silver chains) is marketed nationally and internationally and the villages are linked to the domestic and the global markets through a series of subcontractors. The paper is a critical analysis and deconstruction of the gendered division of labour where women's work in chain-weaving is constructed as ‘leisure activity’, requiring little training and carried out at home. The women are rendered invisible as workers through the discursive practices of control over their sexuality, restricting their mobility geographically and in the job hierarchy, and earn a low average wage of INR 1.35/hour for chain-weaving. Men engage in the soldering and finishing of chains, which is constructed as ‘tough’, requiring long training, carried out in the visible spaces of the workshops and are paid an average wage of INR 5/hour. The discourses feed into the subjective identities of men as bread-winners and constitute women as housewives. However, women challenge the construction of chain-weaving as ‘leisure’. In their affirmation of chain-weaving as ‘work’ they present a fragmentation to their subjective identities as housewives and navigate their paradoxical situation; an ambivalence created by what they do, how they view what they do and how they are viewed in doing it. In addition, some women cross the gendered division of labour and engage in soldering, thus challenging its construction as particularly ‘tough’ for women. Although how this disruption is currently negotiated mutes its resistive effect, the fact of it has created new discursive practices by which the crossing of the gendered divide is achieved. 相似文献
93.
《Journal of Gender Studies》2012,21(2):152-165
May Sinclair took the risk of using psychoanalysis and the modernist technique of ‘stream of consciousness’ to revise and explore the Victorian world that had shaped her childhood and early youth. This article examines psychoanalysis as Sinclair's instrument to achieve self-realization: in writing her female self through fiction, Sinclair came to terms with the conflicts of her childhood, while redefining herself as a writer and as a woman. The act of writing as a form of sublimation as presented in Sinclair's novel Mary Olivier (1919) will be explored along with Sinclair's own development of the ideas of Freud and Jung. Although it might seem anachronistic to look at the novel in the light of scholars such as Luce Irigaray or Julia Kristeva, this essay would be incomplete if feminist psychoanalytic theory and more recent feminist criticism were not also taken into account. In view of this methodological approach, this paper will attempt to illustrate how Sinclair's inner quest towards adulthood challenged (and succeeded in escaping) domestic imprisonment without actually leaving the home. 相似文献
94.
《Japan Forum》2012,24(1):42-66
Abstract The Ainu poet and critic Sasaki Masao (1943–) is one of the most idiosyncratic thinkers of post-war Ainu politics. His writings have ramifications for envisioning new political directions in colonial and post-colonial history, and for thinking through the fraught problematic of political subjectivity. This article, having identified the ‘lived experience of being Ainu’ in modern and contemporary Japan as something irrevocably bound to the temporal structure of modernity, and that structure in turn as something bound to both an epistemological and eschatological notion of the finite and fragile ‘human’ as the ultimate plenitude of national and humanist politics, argues that Sasaki was perhaps the most eloquent in explaining that to be ‘Ainu’ means to be constantly ‘not yet’ quite modern or equal enough. The article shows how Sasaki developed a notion of a kind of political redemption through which, divided from himself and the contemporaneous unfolding of a history that would constantly interpellate him thus, he attempted to suspend the historicist premises for ‘Ainu’ salvation and strive for a kind of politics that might finally place us in direct contact with the primal history of capitalist modernity – a history that demands being ‘Ainu’ to mean so much more than just that. 相似文献
95.
近代以来,人超越于他物的主体性得以确立,其内容包括不可侵犯的人格尊严、自主决定、在社会和政治生活中具有重要性以及基于自身目的利用自然。然而,人工智能已经从以下方面挑战了人的主体性:冲击了人格尊严的基础,削弱了自主决定,降低了人在社会生活中的重要性。因此,亟需法理学基于整体性反思和价值视角予以回应。法理学应采取的立场包括:注重人的道德主体性以彰显其独特性,明确反对赋予人工智能法律人格,坚持对人工智能涉主体性应用的合法性审查。 相似文献
96.
意识形态不仅是社会的有机组成部分,也是人类生命的有机组成部分.它更多作为一个在某种特定利益驱使下形成的包含着欲望、情感、表象的知识系统,有着理论和实践的功能.它包容着政治、经济、道德、伦理等观念思想,但又不是简单的等同.意识形态是一个动态的整合的文化概念.这一理论视野提供了重新审视和阐释现代中国文学社团的可能.现代中国文学社团的源流、生成及形态等,与现代中国社会政治文化等诸方面构成了关系复杂的网络.现代中国文学社团发展史既是一部现代意识形态史,又是现代知识分子不断追求超越自我的群体幻象.在一个互动的文化结构体系中,考察现代文学社团自身,反省现代文学社团研究,重要的是尊重文学社团的独立形态、结构特征,正确区分与文学流派、思潮的整合关系. 相似文献
97.
在邱华栋的小说叙事话语中,自我书写是一个无法忽略的存在.它体现了作家主体性的确立和对集体话语的颠覆.但是邱华栋对自我书写存在着理解和操作上的误区.主要表现为:热衷于自我书写,放弃对小说艺术品性的探索,进而偏离小说美学规范. 相似文献
98.
认识和实践法官裁量权以及理解和践行能动司法遭遇多重困境,客观上需要从法官办理案件行为及其过程的本质属性出发,认识法官在司法过程中所具有的能动性。能动的革命反映论、法律规则的知识性与非自足性理论以及诉讼认识的历史性与诉讼过程的动态性理论,是认识和发展法官能动性的理论依据。法官能动性在本质上是作为“主体”的法官对作为“客体”的案件,应当具有的有差别的能动行为及认识活动过程。相对于法官裁量权和能动司法而言,法官能动性在根本上属于认知范畴,其内容更为丰富,产生和发展以及评价方式和评价标准都具有特殊性。 相似文献
99.
文学理论教材的建设与反思,长期以来一直是文学研究的重点之一.文学分类作为文学理论基础问题,源远流长,是文学理论教材的重要组成部分.建国以来,文学理论教材中文学分类术语问题设置大致经历了"苏化--本土化--西化"的发展历程,大抵对应于"上世纪五十到七十年代"、"八十年代"以及"九十年代至今"三个时段;就关键词来说,又呈现为"‘文学种类'与‘文学体裁'区分使用的仿苏淆乱期--期图以‘文学体裁'整合及其又与‘文学类型'产生淆乱的过渡期--引入‘文类'进行再整合的重建期"三个发展阶段.迄今为止的文学分类术语建设在规范性、统一性、可交互性等方面难尽如人意,同名异实、异名同实的问题普遍,混杂严重.新世纪文学理论建材重建任重道远,必须科学统筹好外来与本土、宏观创构与细节考量等关系. 相似文献
100.
虽然偏和偏偏在用法上有交叉和重合,但二者仍有彼此对立的语义内涵.偏指向句子主语,说明主语的意志与潜在行为与语境中的预期相反.偏偏指向说话人,说明客观事实与说话人预期相反,从而表达说话人的不满或意外.偏和偏偏核心语义的不同决定了二者情态类型的差异,偏属于动力情态,偏偏属于评价情态.从主观性上看,偏偏的主观性比偏更强.情态和主观性的视角使得对偏和偏偏差异的认识进一步深化. 相似文献