湛江市农村地区社会稳定和治安问题研究

湛江市位于我国大陆的最南端,农村面积大,农业人口多,农村的社会秩序和治安状况对全市治安稳定至关重要。湛江农村最为突出的问题是黑恶势力犯罪、涉枪案件、涉毒涉赌、征地拆迁补偿、土地权属纠纷和修路以及民风民俗活动引发的群体性事件、精神病人作案和交通事故引发的事件等7方面。影响湛江市农村地区社会稳定和治安秩序问题的成因主要有：经济社会发展失衡;基层政权组织软弱涣散;一些历史遗留问题积重难返;黑恶势力坐大成势,打击难度大;农村派出所力量薄弱和精神文明建设滞后,群众素质低等。解决湛江农村地区的社会稳定和治安问题,根本出路在于不断深化经济社会改革,推进农村精神文明建设和物质文明建设。而当务之急,必须明确维护稳定和治安秩序的责任制,加强基层政府和群众自治性组织建设,大力开展整治活动,不断提高农村社会管理能力和水平,这样才能使湛江农村地区逐步走向有序。     

Governing the Water Use in the Greater Richmond Area: Dispute and Resolution

This study probes into the governing issues centering around the water use dispute and resolution between Richmond City and Henrico County in the Greater Richmond area, Virginia. For a variety of reasons, Richmond City strongly opposed the initiative by Henrico County to construct and operate its own water treatment plant in 1987. As a result of rigorous multi-party planning, mediation, and negotiation processes, Richmond City and Henrico County finally reached a compromise settlement in 1994. This study concludes that mediating and resolving public policy disputes between localities within the metropolitan area is a highly complicated and politically charged process, which can involve different levels of government, business community elites, and other stakeholders; driven by their common interests, the public-private intersectoral boundaries are increasingly blurred; and a planning process blends both political and technical factors together. In this case, the Henrico County's newly proposed water treatment plant project was environmentally cleared by the Water Review Panel's technical report.     

DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING PRACTICES AND VALUES IN NORTH–SOUTH CITY PARTNERSHIPS: TOWARDS A BROADER UNDERSTANDING OF MUTUALITY

This article addresses twinning between local governments in North and South, contributing to the past decade's discourse on institutional twinning in this journal. Local governments have increasingly become recognised as relevant actors in international development cooperation through city‐to‐city cooperation structures, which have been praised as an effective mechanism for local government capacity building. This article discusses the learning practices and the extent to which new knowledge is valued and adopted by twinning participants in both North and South and moreover whether learning benefits are mutual. In a study of three partnerships between Dutch municipalities and partner cities in Peru, South Africa and Nicaragua, 36 participants were interviewed. The findings reveal that learning in city‐to‐city partnerships is not mutual between North and South and that the benefits of ‘shared learning’—a rhetoric commonly used in the twinning discourse—are limited. Instead, other opportunities for mutuality arise for Northern municipalities from political and strategic benefits, such as staff loyalty and motivation. Mutuality in twinning hence deserves a broader interpretation than learning alone so that twinning benefits can be identified and maximised for both North and South, keeping cities interested and motivated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

市场转型中城市精英实践逻辑与困境

在社会转型的过程中,中国城市精英的变化及未来走向问题引人注目。在精英再生产理论和精英循环理论争论背景下,文章运用"实践逻辑"的思考方式,解释市场转型中精英的实践逻辑:精英配置、精英循环与精英互换,以及精英转型遇到的困境。改革开放以来,经济精英和技术精英的重要性越来越得到重视,而不是只有政治精英独占鳌头。而在精英阶层配置发生变化时,政治精英、经济精英和知识精英的互换频繁,并日益形成一个总体性联盟。这样随之而来的是精英阶层和底层社会的利益博弈,以及两级分化和社会断裂的危险。     

共青团提升青年群众工作能力研究——以绍兴市为例

社会管理创新、共青团职能和角色的转换以及绍兴市社会经济的发展等对共青团提升青年群众工作提出了新的要求。文章采用定性和定量研究相结合的分析方法,阐述共青团绍兴市委青年群众工作的现状、存在问题,认为提升青年群众工作能力要在组织方式、工作模式、活动主题、动员方式上进行持续不断的创新。     

美国城市转型经验及其启示

伴随城市发展和城市化进程的加快,人口、产业、资本等各种要素不断流动,城市的传统产业发生梯度转移,国内外许多城市面临经济转型的重大问题。本文介绍了美国主要城市的成功转型案例,并分析了城市转型成功的基本经验,以期为中国现阶段的城市转型提供借鉴。     

Innovations in Constructing the Framework of China's Environmental Code —Referencing the Framework of China's Civil Code

The success in compiling China's Civil Code benefits from factors such as China's complete system of civil law statutes, the methodology of the Pandekten System, and the private-law attributes of civil laws, etc. To construct the framework of China's environmental code, it is necessary to reference that success for theoretical and structural innovations. In addition, the fundamental features and inherent issues of China's existing environmental law system, such as its breadth, the extensiveness of origins of environmental law, the multiple implication of environmental legal relations, and the compound nature of the environmental legal liability system, should be taken into account. The layout structure of General—Specifics should be adopted for compiling China's environmental code, while moderate codification and extraction of the common factor (vor die Klammer zu ziehen) for connection with applicable rules of specific laws should serve as construction principles and methods for compiling the framework of China's environmental code. The environmental code should have five parts: General ; Pollution Prevention and Control ; Nature Conservation ; Green and Low-Carbon Development ; and Ecological and Environmental Responsibility.     

“城市农业”的理论思考与施政体现

在中国倡导发展城市农业，不仅意味着将现代农业的科学组织形式引入城市，从而在很大程度上解决生物资源的有序供给和和谐生产，同时，更意味着将大农业的综合组织与空间布局理念引入城市与城市群落的大范围空间布局，从而在很大程度上改变当前中国城市化的主导发展理念：即从同心圆式或摊大饼式的外延式扩张向网络状空间布局扩张的转变；由单纯的资源环境消费型城市向再生型生态城市的转变；由城市扩张对农村的吞并和对农民的驱赶向城乡有机融合及农民的产业工人化转变。为了确保这一转变过程成功，有必要进一步从行政角度廓清城市农业这一概念的含义，以确保它能恰当和有效地体现、贯彻于政府决策和施政之中。同时，一个成功的城市农业发展规划必须有真正创新的发展思路，考虑到中国当前发展主义至上导致的城市发展理论单一性的思想阻力，建议将城市农业的发展理念作为城市发展的重要原则予以推展。     

城市管理学的基础理论体系

城市管理有自然属性,也有社会属性;既要配置城市资源,也要调整城市社会关系。相应地,城市管理理论应该包含狭义的城市管理理论和城市理论两部分,前者关于如何诉诸于科学方法,以实现城市各种要素合理配置和功用最大化;后者揭示了城市现象和城市问题中蕴含的社会关系和社会本质,表明了城市问题的解决所要调整的社会关系。总结城市管理学的学科理论,是本学科发展的需要,而对目前教学和教材中欠缺的城市理论尤要进行整理,以防止城市管理片面追求科学理性,忽视城市管理中的人文因素和社会属性。