手法联合盐酸氨基葡萄糖治疗膝骨关节炎临床观察

目的 基于红外热成像技术评价手法治疗膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的临床疗效,探讨手法作用机制,形成手法治疗KOA规范化诊疗评估方案。方法 通过简单随机方法将40例KOA患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组20例（治疗组和对照组分别被剔除1例和2例）。治疗组采用手法治疗联合盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊口服,对照组采用自我按摩联合盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊口服。治疗2周后,以膝关节区域温度、督脉温度、视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）评分、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index,WOMAC）、连续5次坐立时间、15 m直线连续行走时间为指标,评价两组疗效。结果 两组治疗后VAS评分均显著降低（P＜0.05）;治疗组治疗前后VAS评分差值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后WOMAC的疼痛、僵硬、生活功能评分和总分显著降低（P＜0.05）;其中治疗组治疗前后WOMAC总分和僵硬评分差值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后连续5次坐立时间、15 m直线连续行走时间均显著降低（P＜0.05);治疗组治疗后连续5次坐立时间、15 m直线连续行走时间降低值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后膝关节区域温度显著降低（P＜0.05）,督脉区域温度显著升高(P＜0.05);治疗组治疗后膝关节区域温度降低值和督脉区域温度升高值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05)。两组基于WOMAC总分的临床疗效比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组。结论 中医手法治疗可减轻KOA患者膝关节疼痛、僵硬症状,改善日常生活功能,疗效优于自我按摩。     

基 于 功 能 性 磁 共 振 成 像 技 术 探 讨 针 刺 太 冲 穴 脑 激 活 区 的 性 别 差 异

目的 采用功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance image, fMRI)技术观察针刺太冲穴所激活脑区的性别差异,以阐明针刺效应性别差异的机制。方法 女性组选取25例青年女性志愿者,男性组选取30例青年男性志愿者,针刺志愿者左侧太冲穴并收集fMRI数据。结果 女性组针刺太冲穴激活的脑区有左侧小脑下部、右侧缘上回、左侧中央后回。男性组针刺太冲穴激活的脑区有右侧缘上回、左侧中央盖沟、右侧中央旁小叶。与女性组比较,男性组更广泛地激活了右侧缘上回、右侧中央沟盖。结论 针刺受试者太冲穴激活脑区并不完全对称,针刺效应在大脑具有偏侧性,针刺太冲穴时大脑活动反应存在性别差异。     

针刺阳陵泉对不同病程缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者脑效应机制研究

目的 基于功能磁共振成像技术探究针刺阳陵泉对不同病程缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者的脑效应机制。方法 筛选纳入损伤以单侧基底节区和（或）放射冠为主的40例缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者分为长病程组24例、短病程组16例。对所有受试者进行1次fMRI扫描,扫描期间给予针刺患侧阳陵泉干预,持续1 Hz的频率平补平泻捻针1分钟,留针8分钟出针。选取双侧半球的辅助运动区（SMA）、背侧运动前区（PMd）、腹侧运动前区（PMv）、初级运动区（M1）共计8个种子点,计算并对比静息态及针刺态下每对种子点之间的功能连接强度的变化及与FMA的相关性。结果 静息态时,长病程组PMv-R与SMA-L之间功能连接度强于短病程组（P＜0.05）;针刺态时,长病程组中SMA-L与PMv-L之间功能连接弱于静息态时（P＜0.05）,短病程组中SMA-L与SMA-R、PMv-R之间、SMA-R与PMd-R之间、PMv-R与PMv-L之间功能连接强于静息态（P＜0.05）;针刺态时,长病程组和短病程组间各对种子点对在针刺态下和全组各对种子点在静息态与针刺态下之间功能连接强度差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);长病程组中,针刺态时下肢FMA评分与健侧PMd-L—M1-L之间功能连接强度呈负相关（r=-0.411, P＜0.05）;短病程组中,静息态时下肢FMA评分与PMd-L—M1-L、PMv-R—M1-R之间功能连接强度呈负相关（r=-0.588及r=-0.542,P＜0.05）;在全组中,静息态时下肢FMA评分与PMv-R—M1-R之间功能连接强度呈负相关（r=-0.432, P＜0.05）;上下肢FMA总分与PMv-R—M1-R之间功能连接强度呈负相关（r=-0.319, P＜0.05）。结论 不同病程脑卒中偏瘫患者在接受针刺患侧阳陵泉后在脑结构重组及脑功能重塑的过程中有着差异性的表现,激活的脑区也存在差别,病程时间越长的患者,其大脑病灶侧PMv与健侧SMA之间存在更强的功能连接。针刺阳陵泉时,脑区功能连接在双侧SMA、PMd、PMv、M1之间有特定的效应靶点,可能是改善患者运动功能障碍和神经缺损程度的作用机制之一。     

3D forensic facial approximation: Implementation protocol in a forensic activity

The primary objective of this paper is to report on the successful implementation of forensic facial approximation in a real case in the forensic context. A three‐dimensional (3D) facial approximation protocol of the skull was performed with free software, applying techniques in a virtual environment that have already been consolidated in the literature. The skull was scanned with the photogrammetry technique, the digital replica was imported in the Blender software (Blender Foundation, Amsterdam) and individualized model sketches of the face were traced with the MakeHuman software (MakeHuman Org) according to the anthropological profile of the victim. The face created was imported in Blender, where it was adapted, modeled, and sculpted on the 3D skull and its soft tissue markers, using an American open‐source application of the technique in the digital environment. The face created in a virtual environment was recognized and legal identification procedures were started, resulting in the more agile delivery of the disappeared body to its next of kin. It is therefore concluded that facial approximation may not be a primary method of human identification, but it can be satisfactorily applied in the forensic field as an individual recognition resource. It has great value in narrowing the search, reducing the number of alleged victims, and leading to identification tests, therefore significantly reducing the number of genetic DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) tests—which are considered costly for the State or Federation—and consequently reducing the waiting time before delivery of the body to its family.     

光谱成像技术和暗视场配光结合显现潜指印初探

研究显现光滑彩色客体上潜指印的方法。用暗视场配光方式,使用光谱成像仪,对30种不同颜色的彩色照片上的皮脂汗潜指印进行拍照,并处理光谱影像集。所有彩色客体上的潜指印图像纹线,整体清晰或部分清晰,可以用于比对。光谱成像技术和暗视场照明技术相结合,可以有效显现光滑彩色客体上的潜指印。     

磁性门锁结构及开启痕迹的研究

系统论述了磁性门锁的结构、开启原理和常见的开启方法,并通过试验研究弄清了各种开启方法的留痕特点。     

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) for the Documentation of Saw Mark Characteristics

Photography is widely accepted as a means of forensic case documentation and evaluation. In cases of criminal dismemberment digital microscopy is commonly used to assess marks left on the bone. Reflectance transformation imaging (RTI) is a computational photography technique which documents and enhances the three-dimensional (3D) reflectance properties of the surface of an object. RTI has primarily been used in the cultural heritage sector but has recently transitioned into forensic science. This study examines the use of RTI for the documentation and presentation of cut surface characteristics on fully sectioned long bones. Juvenile pig radii were bisected using three different handsaws, chosen as handsaws are the most common implement used in criminal dismemberments. The resulting 42 cut surfaces were then documented with a digital microscope and RTI. Four rendering modes were applied to the default RTI image, with diffuse gain being the most beneficial to accentuate cut surface features. Although great care must be taken when obtaining the photographic sequences necessary for detailed RTI analysis, RTI is relatively inexpensive, expeditious, and easy to use, and creates highly detailed, virtually interactive images. RTI may not replace microscopic methods of saw mark analysis, however could prove useful for the documentation, image sharing, and presentation of forensic evidence.     

Enhancement of Latent Fingerprints on Fabric Using the Cyanoacrylate Fuming Method Followed by Infrared Spectral Mapping

A method has been developed for the visualization of latent fingerprints on fabrics, which is based upon cyanoacrylate (superglue) fuming followed by imaging using an infrared microscope. Results show that imaging on smooth, shiny fabrics such as polyester, silk, nylon, and acetate of different colors and patterns can give an improvement over existing enhancement methods. Results for cotton and polycotton were less successful and it is thought this may be due a combination of the presence of the carbonyl functional group in these fabrics as well as their absorbency to fingerprint sweat. The carbonyl peak (1700 cm^?1) provided the optimum spectroscopic feature to map and image a fingerprint. Comparisons between infrared mapping at a specific frequency range and principal component analysis showed that improved imaging was obtained with principal component analysis.     

What Makes Negative Frames Resonant? Hamas and the Appeal of Opposition to the Peace Process

Increasingly, scholars are applying Social Movement Theory to explore how radical Islamist groups strategically employ framing to legitimize the use of violence. What has not been explicitly examined, however, is under what conditions radical frames are more resonant with the public than more moderate alternatives. This article argues that the strength of a particular frame depends on the credibility of the competing claim-makers. Drawing on public opinion polls from the Palestinian Territories, the article shows that the resonance of Hamas’ frames vis-à-vis the peace process between 1993 and 2006 depended on the ability of the Palestinian leadership to maintain its legitimacy. Since the Gaza take-over and Hamas’ shift to a position of leadership rather than opposition party, the organization's inability to deliver in the economic realm or to even feign any progress regarding the peace process damaged its credibility and reputation. Accordingly, its frames vis-à-vis the peace process also started losing their resonance with the public. An understanding of the dynamics of credibility can also help explain the continued moves towards national reconciliation between Hamas and Fatah.