刑事诉讼渎职行为及其刑法规制

有案不立,立而不查、查而不破,阻碍律师会见,无充足理由拒绝办理取保候审,强迫认罪认罚,滥用抗诉权,随意否定律师有理辩护且不在判决书中说明具体理由的行为,破坏了我国刑事诉讼秩序,侵害了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人"获得有效辩护"的法益,具有明显的社会危害性和刑事违法性。我国制定了大量规范性文件但治理乏力,需要启动刑罚手段才可能有效遏制。通过解释途径将此类行为入罪化。     

商标侵权理论之多维度思辨——以“今日头条”诉“今日油条”案为例

商标侵权理论可以称得上商标领域的制度基础,既是商标理论研究时常讨论的难点,更是商标审判实践中人们时刻关注的焦点。面对商标侵权具体纠纷,案件所涉各方当事人、律师以及法官必须进行多维度思考,才有可能找到令人满意的答案。以"今日头条"诉"今日油条"商标侵权纠纷为例,有必要分别从普通注册商标维度、驰名商标维度、商标滑稽模仿维度以及不正当竞争维度进行考察,被告在经营活动中使用"今日油条"商标之行为是否侵犯原告商标专用权。以不同维度考察时,尤其需要坚守商标基础理论,以求探寻比较准确的结论。     

民法典时代夫妻房产赠与纠纷中的司法判决冲突及解决

夫妻财产法律制度集合身份关系与财产关系两维价值,前者是后者产生的前提和基础。夫妻房产赠与纠纷争议虽呈单纯协约纠纷表象,实则关涉身份关系,现有裁判规则未妥善处理两者之间的关系。夫妻房产赠与协议的性质和裁判规则一直存在争议,其属于婚姻家庭法规定的一种夫妻财产约定,还是适用财产法的赠与行为规定,在司法判决中也存在大量同案异判现象。民法典时代,司法实践中婚姻家庭生活纠纷的解决既需在微观上审视司法解释的逻辑,又要在宏观上把握《民法典》各编的价值维度。《民法典》编纂中"民本"思想贯彻七编,确定了人身权利保护优于财产权利保护的基调。与单纯财产行为主体间的关系不同,婚姻家庭编强调夫妻间的忠诚、尊重、关爱及家庭成员间的"敬老爱幼"和"互相帮助"。解决家庭成员特别是夫妻间财产纠纷时,应优先考量当事人之间独特的身份因素和婚姻家庭的伦理价值,将夫妻房产赠与行为与单纯赠与合同行为区分开,纳入夫妻财产约定范畴。     

知识产权侵权行为的法律适用——对《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第50条的评析简

《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第50条,对知识产权侵权行为的法律适用做出了明文规定,然而却存在诸多疑议.该条应修改为：知识产权的侵权责任,适用权利来源地法律;当事人也可以在侵权行为发生后协议选择与该侵权行为有联系的其他国法律.     

知识产权确认不侵权之诉受理条件实证研究

实证研究表明,司法实践中知识产权确认不侵权之诉的受理存在"受理条件规定并未被完全采纳、侵权警告形式及认定标准多样化、催告行使诉权要件适用差异化、当事人适格的影响因素复杂化"的困境。确认利益诉讼要件地位模糊、对确认利益缺乏具体化运用、法律缺位导致司法解释越位、司法解释规定较为简单粗略是造成前述困境的成因。解决前述困境,应当以确认利益理论为支撑。明确确认利益是诉讼要件而非起诉要件、以纠纷解决手段妥当性视角筛选侵权警告形式、以纠纷解决成熟性视角修正书面催告程序、以被告选择妥当性视角明确适格的当事人,最终实现对此种诉讼受理条件的重构。     

NPE诉讼的价值审视与规制选择

专利非实施主体(NPE)从产生之初便备受争议。NPE诉讼作为NPE存在的行为逻辑,游离于专利投机与专利运营、权利滥用与正当维权、谋取私利与损害救济、抑制创新与价值实现之间。立足于NPE诉讼具有利弊互见的基本定位,对NPE诉讼的行政规制,须对专利聚合状态加以合理限制,对涉及标准必要专利的NPE经营者集中审查及NPE禁令救济的反垄断执法亦应保持行政介入的谦抑性;对NPE诉讼的司法规制,应结合具体案情,综合利用法院在专利侵权赔偿数额、损害赔偿与停止侵权的替代适用、诉讼费用的转移等方面所具有的司法裁量空间,在保障专利诉权正当行使的同时,亦应防止司法工具化趋向,防止NPE诉讼异化为谋取不当利益、进行禁令劫持的手段。     

The Impact of Marital Aggression on Women's Psychological and Marital Functioning in a Newlywed Sample

The impact of husband-to-wife physical aggression on changes in wives' personal and marital well-being was examined in a representative sample of newlywed couples. The sample consisted of couples who completed baseline (time of marriage) and first anniversary assessments as part of the Buffalo Newlywed Study (n = 543). After controlling for sociodemographic variables, initial relationship satisfaction, and verbal aggression, wives who experienced physical aggression from their husbands during the first year of marriage reported increased stress and lower marital satisfaction at the first anniversary. Further, they were more likely to report separation from husbands due to marital problems during the first year of marriage. Experiences of partner physical aggression during the premarital period were associated with greater frequency of heavy drinking episodes among wives, although they were not associated with changes in average daily volume of ethanol consumed. Results suggest that among a community sample, experiences of husband-to-wife physical aggression have negative consequences for both women's psychological well-being and marital functioning.     

Verbal Aggression Among Male Alcoholic Patients and Their Wives in the Year Before and Two Years After Alcoholism Treatment

Our earlier reports on 88 male alcoholics and their wives showed that domestic violence decreased significantly in the first and second year following a behavioral marital therapy (BMT) alcoholism treatment program. The present study examined verbal aggression in this same sample. In the year before BMT, verbal aggression was significantly greater—being five to seven times more prevalent for clinically elevated aggression and substantially more frequent—for the alcoholic husbands and their wives than for a demographically matched, nonalcoholic comparison sample. In the two years after BMT, both alcoholic men and their wives showed significant and substantial reductions in verbal aggression as compared with the year before BMT. Despite these significant reductions from the year before BMT, verbal aggression in the two years after BMT remained significantly elevated relative to demographically similar nonalcoholic controls. As predicted, relapsed alcoholics and their wives showed more verbal aggression in the 2 years after BMT than both couples with a remitted alcoholic husband and demographically similar nonalcoholic controls, whereas remitted alcoholics and their wives had similar levels of verbal aggression to the nonalcoholic controls. Further, frequency of drinking was positively correlated with verbal aggression in the 2 years after BMT; verbal aggression was greater when the alcoholic husband drank more frequently.     

绝对权侵权责任归责原则体系及其责任承担

传统的侵权责任认定标准是以过错责任原则为基础的归责原则体系指导下的四要件说,然而,这一认定标准在法理和司法实践中似有不妥之处,尤其是对于绝对权利而言。通过对绝对权利的法理分析,建议引入无损害结果的无过错责任原则,作为弥补传统认定标准之不足的有效措施,从而使整个侵权归责原则体系臻于完善。     

试论著作权间接侵权规则的法定化——兼论著作权间接侵权规则的经济分析

我国著作权法及相关的司法解释虽提供了著作权间接侵权的规制依据,但是,既有的制度规定不仅没有全面地反映间接侵权的所有类型,而且在适用上也存在诸多缺憾.故此,新一轮的著作权法修订应将著作权间接侵权法定化.通过引介国外著作权间接侵权的立法实践及相关的司法判例,以法律经济学为视角对我国著作权间接侵权的类型及其具体的构成要件进行相应的制度设计.