小学英语学习动机的情感维度初探

小学是学习语言的最佳阶段,而在英语学习过程中培养的情感、感觉、态度、情绪等情感状态会对学习动机产生莫大的影响。本文通过对小学英语学习过程中出现的四种情感因素进行分析,并以案例细节加以补充,阐述情感维度下教与学的细节对学习动机的正负影响,并提出教学细节的处理策略。     

利益诱惑情境与腐败事件的生成及控制——基于18个典型案例的分析

现实发生的各类腐败行为和腐败案件均有公职人员与特定当事人在特定时空进行越界交换的共同特点,用利益诱惑情境来解释越界交换现象具有独特的价值。利益诱惑情境是内蕴于公务情境中的行为活动场景,以其即时性、选择性和感染性形成集成机制,进而使公职人员在场定义发生认知错位、规则变异和取向偏差,在标准、内容和程序上突破腐败与不腐败的临界点,生成腐败事件。控制临界点不被突破也就控制了腐败事件的发生,需要在利益诱惑情境的时间和空间环节加强监督,建立健全制度,重视对行贿人的查处,培育理想信念与信守从政道德,真正建立固守廉洁阵地的防线。     

需求视阈下的教育腐败生成机理与惩防对策

在需求视阈下,教育腐败的生成机理包含了"满足-消极环境"、"不满足-消极环境"与"临界状态-消极环境"三种具体形成模式。其中,内因是导致行为主体教育腐败的根本原因,外因是导致行为主体教育腐败的动态原因,满足与临界状态可向不满足方向动态转化。因此,为有效控制教育腐败,基于根本原因与主要原因都是内因的教育腐败,要加强思想交流与沟通,完善各项制度,强化制度预防与监管;基于内因是根本原因、外因是主要原因的教育腐败,要采取提高实际所得,树立正确的价值观等措施,建立健全教育腐败动态监管系统和预警系统,营造风清气正的社会环境。     

Crucial Factors in Implementing Radical Policy Change: A Comparative Longitudinal Study of Nordic Central Agency Relocation Programs

Abstract

Why do public policies succeed or fail? The aim of this article is to contribute to answering this enduring research question in policy research through a comparative study of the variable efforts by Nordic governments to relocate their central agencies from the capital regions over a period of several decades. This was a radical redistributive policy program premised on a policy instrument – coercion – which was very alien to political systems characterized as consensual democracies. Hence, it is no surprise that only two out of seven relocation programs of any substance were successful. The really intriguing research question here is how any relocation program was achievable at all in a policy context where this was very unlikely. A broadly based multi-theoretical analytical framework linking interest groups, institutions, human agency in the form of policy entrepreneurship/design and situational factors is employed to solve this research puzzle. Findings from this study offer important contributions to the following research fields: comparative public policy, radical policy change and most specifically the so-called third generation of public policy implementation research.     

“河长制”：一个中国政府流域治理跨部门协同的样本研究

流域治理的跨域特征所带来的问题超过了涉水部门单个主体的能力,从而带来了流域治理的协同失灵和碎片化问题。对“河长制”的观察表明,“河长制”跨部门协同可以较好地解决协同机制中责任机制的“权威缺漏”问题,短期内成效明显。通过横向层面和纵向层面的协调机制,大大提高了协同效率。这是一种新型的混合型权威依托的等级制协同模式。但是,以权威为依托的等级制纵向协同的基本特征没有改变,将会面临着“能力困境”、“组织逻辑困境”和“责任困境”的挑战。最后采用菲利普斯分析框架分析了影响“河长制”跨部门协同效率的因素。     

A validation study for vinyl electrical tape end matches

Fracture matches are considered the strongest conclusion in the forensic examination of rigid materials, such as glass, metal, and paint. However, publications that support the fracture matching of polymeric films, such as tape backings, are limited. This study was designed to determine the validity and error rate associated with conducting end-match (fracture match) examinations on vinyl electrical tape. Test designs varied the source roll of tape, test preparer, or mode of separation from the roll. Results indicated that each affected the resulting severed tape ends. The analysts examining the end matches also had an effect on the results. Eight end matches in the study were not identified by the initial analysts and were considered inconclusive. One end match was misidentified, resulting in one false positive and an error rate of 0.049%. These results support a comprehensive physical and chemical tape comparison regardless of indications of an end match.     

国际商事仲裁错误裁决司法审查救济制度的缺陷与克服

内国法院的司法审查对于保障国际商事仲裁的公平公正具有重要而积极的作用。但是,作为当事人权利救济的主要甚或唯一途径,司法审查制度却存在救济范围有限、救济效力不确定、与国际商事仲裁本质不相容等缺陷,限制了仲裁解决国际商事争议的独特优势及潜力的发挥,阻碍了国际商事仲裁的发展。克服这些缺陷的有效方法是仿效国际商品仲裁和国际海事仲裁等实践,设立仲裁内部上诉机制供当事人选择适用。     

论民事裁判范围制约机制及其构建

在民事审级中,有关裁判范围的制约机制主要体现在对上诉审裁判范围的制约上,这一制约机制主要通过禁止不利益变更原则的确立发挥作用。从域外来看,各国和有关地区均在理论或司法实践上不同程度地体现了该原则的内涵。我国民事诉讼立法和司法解释的相关规定则未能对判决结果明确禁止不利益变更原则,也未体现该原则的精神实质,配套的制度建设更是极为缺乏,从而使得我国上诉审裁判范围处于制约失控的状态。     

基于锦赤铁路的区域经济战略合作问题研究

区域经济一体化是指一些地理相近的国家或地区间通过加强经济合作,为谋求风险成本和机会成本的最小化和利益的最大化。在国家加快推进东北亚区域经济一体化背景下,以锦赤铁路为依托的区域经济合作,成为东北三省和蒙东加强合作的重要支撑点之一。从"港腹联动"与"蒙煤入海"双向需求为出发点,以锦赤铁路为辽蒙的纽带和桥梁,从战略和系统的角度,多层次构建和优化铁路沿线经济带的区域分工,拓宽合作渠道,以促进辽蒙经济实现可持续发展和区域一体化。     

中国应对海上溢油生态损害的立法进路

依据中国现行法应对渤海溢油事故,行政罚款的力度有限,生态损害索赔的现行法依据不足,重大环境污染事故罪也难认定。建立海上溢油损害赔偿机制、确立海洋溢油生态损害防治各项制度,是中国应对海上溢油生态损害的当务之举。以生态系统管理理念为指导思想,以增进生态利益的保护和预防、控制生态损害发生为立法目标,确立海洋生态系统管理立法模式,完善海洋生态系统管理法律制度建设,是应对海上溢油生态损害的立法进路。