India＇s Look East Policy and north-eastern states： An overview

To become an economic developed country, every country needs to look for its trade and commerce because it is one of the most prominent factors. Hence, the present study is an endeavor to highlight ＂India＇s Look East Policy and its northeastern states＂. The methodology adopted here is mainly based on secondary data and information, the sources of which have been compiled from different national and international journals and related books, etc.. India＇s involvement in the enterprises of ASEAN （Association of South East Asian Nations） for economic corporation was initiated in the year 1991 with the function of ＂Look East Policy＂. ASEAN countries have emerged as significant entities among India＇s most dynamic trade partners. Undoubtedly, north-east India has the potential to become gateway to the east, which can help trade and commerce with ASEAN countries to flourish.     

治安调解和人民调解的界分与衔接

现阶段,治安调解和人民调解在界分上因为实践中的交叉、混合而存在争议,又在衔接上存在对接机制不完善、运用不协调等问题。通过充分吸收、借鉴部分地区实务中的做法,化用包容性评价设计二阶层的纠纷调解流程,可以解释公安机关调解不涉及治安案件的民间纠纷的合法性和合理性,探索治安调解和人民调解衔接的具体措施,从而减低对警力资源、司法资源的不必要占用,提高解决纠纷的便捷性,促进社会和谐,维护治安秩序。     

Decoding Negotiation Systems in the Middle East and North Africa: A Framework for Analysis

Regional conflicts are becoming increasingly complex due to the involvement of an ever more numerous and interconnected set of actors. Previous research has focused on regional conflict systems and has generated theoretical approaches such as the regional security complex paradigm. However, when complex, multifaceted, seemingly contradictory webs of relationships are spun in a region, new tools are needed to analyze and evaluate them. Drawing on previous regional conflict models, we propose a negotiation-oriented framework of regional conflict analysis that explores the type and intensity of relationships between state and nonstate actors in a conflict system. We offer a seven-step scale of relationships (ranging from ally to active armed opponent) that represents a novel contribution to the methodological efforts to analyze relationships in conflict systems. This framework brings to light the relational imbalance of the MENA region and has the potential to contextualize for negotiators and mediators the complex system of conflicts within, and possibly outside, the region.     

市场经济体制下凉山彝族家支、习惯法与彝区社会治安问题研究——以彝族聚居县美姑、昭觉、布拖为例

改革开放以来,凉山彝族地区的家支聚会不仅频繁,而且规模大,家支聚众打砸抢案件呈上升趋势,影响了彝区的社会稳定;民间纠纷一律由民间调解员按传统习惯法进行调解,习惯法的使用频率高,因而其消极作用也更加明显。文章对因家支、习惯法引起的彝区社会治安问题进行了分析并提出了对策。     

试论我国法院调解制度的重构

现代社会为其成员提供多元化的纠纷解决机制,以此来满足社会成员的多层次的法律需求和多元化的价值追求.但是,建立机制本身只是手段,制度的完善和政策、法律的疏导来实现机制的顺畅运作并最终实现纠纷的合理分流和有效解决才是建立起多元化纠纷解决机制的最终目的.任何一项制度都是在改革中不断完善和发展的,法院调解制度也是如此.因此,我们现在要做的是不要盲目的摒弃,而是要深入地研究,努力使我们的优良传统发扬光大.     

Credibility and Strategy in International Mediation

We study mediation in international conflict as a process of strategic interaction among the two disputants and the (would-be) mediator. We develop a rational model that examines the choice, process, and outcome of mediation. We start with a conflict game of incomplete information played by rational players that examines the conditions under which disputants and would-be mediators would consider mediation a preferred strategy. The mediation game that follows models the mediator's choice of mediation strategy and the possible responses of the disputants offers. Finally, we explore the conditions under which a mediated solution emerges and the conditions under which mediation fails.

The credibility of the mediator—defined as the extent to which disputants believe the mediator's statements, threats, or promises and her ability to deliver the promised agreement—emerges as a key factor that drives the model. Each disputant has an assessment of the mediator's credibility. Broadly speaking, the more credible the mediator is perceived by the disputant, the more accepting the disputant will be of her offers. Yet, the mediator does not know how credible she is in the view of the disputants. This uncertainty affects the mediator's decision to intervene and her choice of strategies. We derive testable propositions from this model and test them on a dataset consisting of mediation efforts in international conflicts over the years 1945–1995. The findings generally support the propositions derived from the model, and we explore the theoretical and empirical implications of these findings.     

Using Blogs in Teaching Negotiation: A Technical and Intercultural Postscript

This article reexamines an earlier experiment in the use of blogs in teaching negotiation when undertaken in a different cultural environment. I briefly examine two core factors — technical competence and cultural preferences in communication — as well as a student preference to reserve the use of social media for purely social and informal communications. Parallels are also drawn with the technical and cultural contexts of developments in online dispute resolution.     

企业合规制度的三个维度——比较法视野下的分析

建立一种有效的合规计划,已经成为西方企业进行内部治理的重要方式。我们可以将合规管理与业务管理、财务管理视为当代公司治理的三大组成部分。但是,西方企业之所以在建立合规计划方面具有强大的动力,是因为合规在刑法上具有多重激励机制,也就是,建立有效的合规计划可以成为涉嫌犯罪的企业寻求不起诉、作出无罪抗辩、获得减免刑罚乃至与监管机构签署暂缓起诉协议的重要依据,企业由此可以最大限度地减少损失。也正是在这种刑法激励机制的作用下,西方律师业逐渐发展出来一种重要的合规业务,将独立的合规调查、对监管起诉的应对以及合规计划的打造作为这种业务的基本内容。只有将企业合规同时视为公司治理的手段、刑法上的激励机制以及律师协助企业防范法律风险的业务,才能对其形成一种完整的理解。     

Conflict Intelligence and Systemic Wisdom: Meta‐Competencies for Engaging Conflict in a Complex,Dynamic World

Over the last one hundred years, conflict researchers have developed a host of theories about which competencies and skills are most conducive to the constructive management of conflict. Our standard models and methods for conflict resolution, however, are particularly challenged in the face of the world's increasing complexity, dynamism, and unpredictability. In this article, I describe a new framework for addressing these challenges. Based on insights from research in complexity science, psychology, and peace and conflict studies, this framework comprises two meta‐competencies that help individuals resolve conflict and promote more constructive and peaceful relations in our rapidly changing world.     

From Lab Experiments to Real Negotiations: An Investigation of International Iron Ore Negotiations

Negotiation researchers have conducted a large number of experimental lab studies to identify the factors that affect negotiation outcomes, but it remains unclear whether those results can be generalized to real‐world negotiations. To explore this question, we analyzed the dynamic international iron ore annual negotiations that took place from 2005 to 2009. We found evidence that supports two important findings from previous experiments. Specifically, we focused on the impact of negotiators’ best alternatives and first offers on negotiation prices using multiple case study analysis. We found that iron ore prices increased more when the gap between the previous year's negotiated price and the price on the alternative spot market, a public market in which commodities are traded for immediate delivery, was larger, which suggested that buyers were sensitive to the strength of this alternative, supporting the literature on the role of alternatives. We also found that the first offer price significantly influenced the final price. Our findings extend two important experimental findings from the negotiation literature to large‐scale business negotiations in the real world.