新生代农民工对共青团组织的认知状况探讨——基于山西省6座城市的调查

调查表明,从政治态度上看,新生代农民工对团组织的基本认识是令人满意的,但对团组织的认同状况并不乐观。产生这种“认同危机”的基本原因在于利益满足的不充分,其中,“服务”与“需求”的部分错位,不同层级的团组织提供的服务存在较大的同质性,又是导致利益满足不充分的主要原因。因此,在满足主导性需求的基础上提供差异化服务,与党政组织和社会自组织协调行动,利用各种社会资源,构建多种利益满足的工作机制,是团组织在提高认同度时应着重考虑的问题。     

生态移民社会适应问题研究

随着我国生态保护和国土主体功能区战略的实施,生态移民问题已成为全国许多地区的共性问题。生态移民的社会适应是一个综合的社会转变过程,其不仅仅是居住地的改变,还存在人力资本的提升、社会关系的重塑以及思想意识的变迁等问题。面对生态移民在社会适应过程中面临的诸多困境,需要从政府层面、主体层面、社区层面和社会层面采取措施,突破其社会适应的困境,让其在迁入地“落地生根”。     

The frontier revisited: displacement,land and identity among farm labourers in the Sundays River Valley

This paper aims to unpack the dynamics of displacement and the relationship of physical movement to elements of space (i.e. land) and place (or identity), in the Sundays River Valley, near the town of Kirkwood, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It primarily uses the motif of frontiers to cast light on displacement as an ongoing phenomenon and explore the different eras of occupation of land in the Sundays River Valley, from the early nineteenth century until 1970. It relates different layers of belonging and identity to the unfolding of capitalism and apartheid in South Africa. The article argues that ties to land are multiple, contested and based upon dispossession and physical movement rather than upon stability. While such a high degree of contestation of oral evidence in the Sundays River Valley might not give current claimants a detailed legal basis for restitution, it is an academically valuable idea to explore the origins of the inhabitants in the Sundays River Valley – because it can indicate the degree to which local identities are influenced by experiences of disruption and displacement. The paper argues that frontier relationships in the SRV are central in the formation of larger systems of relationships of race and class, and that this casts new light on displacement (both as a historical event and a contemporary experience), in the formation of identity and place in southern Africa.     

Gang Membership,Gun Carrying,and Employment: Applying Routine Activities Theory to Explain Violent Victimization Among Inner City,Minority Youth Living in Extreme Poverty∗

Conceptual inconsistencies in routine activities theory are illustrated by demonstrating how gang membership, gun carrying, and employment can be categorized as both risk and protective factors in a high‐poverty context. Two waves of longitudinal data from a high‐poverty sample of African American youth were used to examine the determinants of victimization risk. Bivariate analyses indicated that gang membership, gun carrying, and employment status are significant risk factors for violent victimization, but these effects were mediated by measures of lifestyles (e.g., demographic and family factors, deviant lifestyles) included as controls in the full multivariate model. In other words, the strong positive relationship between gang membership and gun carrying found in previous studies may be due to model misspecification and/or the lack of research on high‐poverty samples of inner city youth from the Deep South. Additional logistic regression analyses also indicate that the number of hours employed per week (but not employment status) is a risk factor for violent victimization. Finally, the theoretical implications of these findings for routine activities theory are discussed.     

新生代农民工犯罪生存空间之考察——以社会不公平竞争为视角

2010年2月1日,中央一号文件首次明确提出"新生代农民工"的概念,旨在当今现实条件下努力促进新生代农民工的市民化。改革开放至今,农民工已步入第二代,即"新生代农民工",他们在促进城市经济发展过程中发挥了重要作用,但新生代农民工犯罪问题也成了社会的顽疾。本文在研究这一群体特点、犯罪情况的基础上,从社会根源、社会原因以及个人因素等方面进行综合分析,在社会不公平竞争视角下对新生代农民工犯罪生存空间进行探索,研究不公平竞争与其犯罪的关联,以期发展三元协调促进的防控理论,并寻求消除不公平竞争机制,铲除新生代农民工犯罪土壤的对策。     

西部民族地区节日游艺民俗与农民休闲

当前由于受经济、传统观念、教育、供给等因素的影响,西部少数民族群众的现代休闲娱乐活动较缺乏。西部少数民族的节日游艺民俗,是西部传统娱乐文化的重要组成部分,基于对西部少数民族节日游艺民俗类型和特点的梳理和分析,本文认为节日游艺民俗在发挥休闲功能和价值方面具有独特的优势和条件,立足于西部少数民族群众休闲娱乐的需求特点,提出了积极保护和开发节日游艺民俗文化资源的构想,并探讨了应该采取的途径和方法。     

民族地区生态文明建设法治保障之路径

民族地区作为我国生态环境的屏障区,经过多年的努力,局部生态环境有所改善,但与生态文明建设的目标相去甚远。分析现实中阻却这一目标实现的制约因素及原因,并提出法治保障之举措,是实现该地区与全国同步建成小康社会的应有之义。     

对做好民族地区群众工作的思考

党的宗旨是全心全意为人民服务。做好民族地区群众工作是践行党的宗旨的需要,是维护国家边疆稳定的需要,是促进民族地区科学发展,维护各族人民利益的需要。本文在分析民族地区群众工作面临新挑战的基础上。提出了做好民族地区群众工作的对策。     

Migration from Central Asia to Russia in the New Model of World Order

Migration becomes not only a means of survival but also and above all an impulse for the dispersal and "gathering together" of people, capital, information, and skills in new social configurations.     

岷江上游民族地区生态环境退化与整治研究

在过去几十年 ,由于人口超过环境承载量 ,人们生产方式和生活方式落后 ,以及生态脆弱等诸多因素 ,导致岷江上游民族地区生态环境退化 ,如植被 ,草场 ,土地的退化及自然灾害频繁发生等。目前 ,区域贫困和生态环境退化已形成了恶性循环。本文根据生态环境退化的现状和人为活动的特点 ,提出了生态环境恢复和整治的对策 ,为岷江上游民族地区生态屏障的构建提出新思路。