第三人利益合同的变更和解除

建立第三人利益合同制度是完善我国合同法的迫切需要.其中一个重要的问题就是当事人是否可以像在两人合同中一样协议变更或解除第三人利益合同.在没有第三人同意的情况下,当事人行使变更权和解除权虽不应当完全否认,但是必须受到限制.具体标准取决于建立第三人利益合同制度的宗旨和该合同的特征.作为一般法规范的第三人利益合同的变更和解除制度将与我国现行合同法律法规共存,形成完整的体系.并在实践中按照特别法优于一般法的原则予以适用.     

国际刑事司法协助制度的若干新发展

《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》和《联合国反腐败公约》对国际刑事司法协助制度的新近发展作出了一定程度的总结,特别是确立了以追缴被非法转移的犯罪所得或收益为中心的司法协助新体系,放宽了双重犯罪原则对非强制性司法协助活动的限制作用,全面推广司法协助"中央机关"的联系机制,同时,倡导各国在条件允许的情况下采纳远程视频听证和联合调查的取证新方式。这些发展所涉及的一些新规则值得加以深入研究。     

A SHORT COMMENTARY ON TIMOTHY M. TIPPINS AND JEFFREY P. WITTMANN'S "EMPIRICAL AND ETHICAL PROBLEMS WITH CUSTODY RECOMMENDATIONS

In this commentary, the call for clinical humility and judicial vigilance in custody recommendations is confirmed as valid and the Australian experience, where the child custody report writer has for some years been permitted to express an opinion on the ultimate issue, is considered. The inherent risks are briefly discussed, and the question of who of the judge and the social scientist might be better placed to decide the exquisitely difficult children's issues after family breakdown is touched upon. It suggests that a combination of the expert's opinion and judicial fact finding probably produces a result that is as good as it gets. But a greater danger is highlighted. It is the impact of the adversary system, and whether it is suitable in any event to these sensitive court decisions.     

法律保留原则探析

法律保留滥觞于英国的《自由大宪章,》是法治国家的基本法律原则与制度。法律保留包括立法法律保留与行政法律保留。前者作用于立法领域,旨在划定议会立法权力与政府立法权力的界限;后者作用于行政领域,旨在规范行政权力的行使。前者的理论基础是议会民主原则与分权原则,后者的理论依据是法治主义。     

A New Use for Practitioners in Teaching Negotiation

This article examines the role that practitioners as guest lecturers have traditionally played in the teaching of negotiation. The authors argue that, as seen from the perspective of student learning, this traditional role has not utilized the practitioner's expertise and experience to an optimal degree. Because of this, they have redesigned the role of the practitioner as guest lecturer in their negotiation course. They describe this new role in some detail. Their goal is to encourage students to understand how and why integrative negotiation techniques can work beyond the classroom in what students call the "real world."     

原位反转录PCR技术的应用

针对已有资料中对于以DNA为靶基因序列的原位 PCR介绍较多,而对于原位反转录PCR的介绍很少,但在实际研究工作中有很多检测的靶基因是 RNA(病毒的或基因组的 RNA)的实际情况,就原位反转录PCR技术的基本原理、影响试验结果的关键因素和步骤,如组织细胞的固定、引物和探针的选择、蛋白酶及DNA酶消化、假阳性及假阴性的产生等进行了概述,旨在通过探讨上述问题,对该技术的实际应用有所指导。     

工伤认定中若干法律问题探讨

正确认定工伤,首先要根据工伤的构成要件准确把握工伤的概念,其次要能够准确把握劳务关系、雇佣关系、委托关系与事实劳动关系之间的异同,最后需要结合实际对工作原因、工作场所、上下班途中等三大要素作出合理认定。     

SUPERVISED VISITATION: A CALL FOR A SECOND GENERATION OF RESEARCH

With the divorce rate rising and related child visitation disputes becoming an increasingly difficult issue before the courts, supervised visitation programs have proliferated over the last decade. The literature demonstrates that ongoing contact between children and both parents following separation and/or divorce is important for children's socio‐emotional adjustment and positive child/parent relations. However, there is a paucity of literature demonstrating a relationship between supervised visitation programs and child/parent relationship outcomes. Based on the lack of outcome research the authors argue for a second generation of research regarding intended and unintended consequences of supervised visitation. This article reviews and synthesizes the current literature, highlighting strengths, limitations, significant findings and proposes a critical need for evidence‐based research.     

我国司法职务犯罪防治对策探讨——以司法职权运行机制为视角

司法职务犯罪是一种具有严重社会危害性的职务性犯罪,以现代犯罪原因论观之,产生此类犯罪的原因呈现出多元多层次的特点:既受经济因素、文化传统的制约,又受司法运行机制的困扰,还受司法工作人员的素质、立法本身的缺陷、教育缺失或不到位等诸多因素的影响.从司法职权运行机制的独特视角着手,深入剖析引发司法职务犯罪在运行机制层面的成因,并就健全我国司法职权运行机制提出自己的见解,以期构建科学有效的防范对策体系.     

“常识”与传统中国州县司法——从一个疑难案件(新会田坦案)展开的思考

自晚清变法修律以来,学界多批评传统州县司法的主要弊端是行政兼理司法和与此相关的非专业化司法,现在发现了大量反映传统司法实际运作的司法档案材料,此种观点有了反思的必要和可能。事实上,从传统中国州县司法的实际运作来看,其重点是查清案情和进行判决,起决定作用的是“常识”而非“专业知识”,而且“常识”才是传统地方司法所真正需要的。这种“常识”包括了“律学常识”、官员“伦理常识”和“地方性常识”等部分,从而具有浓厚的主观性、地方性和个人化特征,使得传统地方司法更依赖于官员个体。从司法独立和专业司法的眼光来审视传统是一种时代错位,它忽略了制度与社会需要之间的对应关系,既不利于学术研究,同时也回避了建立现代司法体系的真正阻力所在。