SPENDING APPROPRIATELY

正Efforts are being made at both the central and locallevel to prevent the misuse of taxpayer money For years,government expenditure on vehicles,receptions and overseas trips for officials—also known as the"three public-funded consumption categories"—has been a topic of contention among the Chinese public due to the large sums of money coupled     

The Stability of M3 Money Demand and Monetary Growth Targets: The Case of South Africa

The main purpose of this article is to determine whether money should continue to play an important role in the formulation of monetary policy in South Africa, even though the monetary policy framework has recently changed to an inflation targeting strategy. Money can continue to play an important role in the formulation of an efficient monetary policy strategy as long as there is a stable money demand function and money contains useful information about future price changes. The paper presents empirical evidence of a constant and structurally stable M3 money demand function for South Africa over the period 1968-97. The analysis further shows that the non-constancies experienced during 1998-99 may only be temporary. Despite evidence of a stable M3 money demand function, the results indicate that M3 money provides little information about future price changes in South Africa and may therefore have lost its usefulness as a reliable indicator for monetary policy. The money stock is endogenous, with prices determining money through the stable M3 money demand function.     

Environmental Pollen Trapped by Tobacco Leaf as Indicators of the Provenance of Counterfeit Cigarette Products: A Preliminary Investigation and Test of Concept

Abstract: The global trade in counterfeit tobacco products is increasingly taking market share from legal brands in many parts of the developed world, with attendant adverse economic, health, criminal, and other societal impacts. Knowing the geographical source is central to developing new strategies for curbing this illicit trade, and here, the potential of environmental pollen extracted from manufactured cigarettes is examined. Two samples representing U.S. and Chinese brands were investigated for their pollen content. Results indicate that tobacco leaf very efficiently captures environmental pollen (about 1800 and 12,600 grains per cigarette, respectively) with no detectable self‐contamination by the tobacco plant. In both cases, the flora is typical of open space environments, but pollen type counts indicate very different distributions of species. This preliminary investigation indicates that palynology has the potential to constrain geographical source(s) of tobacco, particularly if regionally localized species can be recognized among the pollen.     

说话人听觉识别研究综述

说话人的听觉识别一直都是司法话者识别的重要方法之一。国外实验表明:听觉识别率随时间的延长在降低,它与样本的长度、质量、内容以及听辨人的身份相关而与听辨人的性别无关。国外,亲听证人听辨法已经成为一种常见的司法话者识别方法,而我国实践中却应用得较少,因此有必要加强相关理论的应用研究。     

刑事被害人的诉讼权利保障问题研究

在刑事诉讼程序中对被害人参与权的改革和发展,是国际刑事司法政策一个突出的方面。保护被害人的权利是刑事诉讼机制科学、公正的价值体现。刑事诉讼中不仅要完善对被告人诉讼权利的保护,而且应当同时重视和加强对被害人诉讼权利的保护,只有这样,才能更完整、充分地体现刑事诉讼中人权保障的含义,不致使诉讼活动偏离公正的轨道。     

论反洗钱犯罪的机制建设

目前,洗钱犯罪在我国部分地区及行业极为猖獗,不同程度影响了经济发展秩序,成为社会一大“毒瘤”。本文从我国反洗钱机制缺位的角度,分析了反洗钱犯罪的法律机制、监管机制及控制机制建立和完善的必要性及其途径。     

Stability and Specificity of Counterfeit Protection System Code

In this study, the stability and specificity of a counterfeit protection system (CPS) code were determined. This research involved an analysis of a counterfeit protection system code unit over time using the pattern location measurement method. We collected 379 sample sheets from 196 printers or photocopiers, covering 14 original brands, including 129 models. There was an interval of at least two months between the collections of samples from each machine. Four types of characteristics were established: CPS pattern unit, distance of the CPS unit, position of dots, size and shape of the dot. Except for the partial changes in the Xerox brand, no other brand exhibited changes over time. This implies that the CPS characteristics are stable. Meanwhile, no correlation was noted between the combinations of the characteristic systems in the collected samples, which implied strong specificity.     

伪造货币罪若干疑难问题例解

以实践中疑难案件为例,探讨伪造货币罪在司法认定中的若干疑难问题,比如伪造缅甸元之类外币、代币券、外币有价证券能否构成伪造货币罪,伪造方法、假币逼真度是否影响定罪量刑,制造、贩卖货币版样行为应如何处理。     

"贿赂"范围的比较研究与新探

在外国刑法理论与刑事立法上,"贿赂"的范围一般不仅仅限于财物,而基本上对贿赂进行扩大性理解和适用。就我国而言,如果将"贿赂"作不加任何限制的宽泛性理解则不符我国刑法理念;"财物"不仅应包括财产性利益,也应包括一部分非财产性利益;对"贿赂"的具体判定应以受贿人为依据;同时,对刑法第385条和第387条所言的"财物",必须根据具体情况予以区别对待。     

电子货币若干法律问题研究

在探讨电子货币定义与法律性质后,重点研究电子货币法律关系、终结性、权利异议、伪造电子货币中的问题、赎回义务等私法问题,及立法宗旨、发行商资格、监管和反洗钱等公法问题.