腐败洗钱研究

据国际会议披露,中国内地近几年每年通过地下钱庄洗出的黑钱高达2000亿元人民币,其中300多亿来自政府官员贪污受贿的腐败所得。这种被外国记者称之为"中国特色的洗钱犯罪"主要有同步式腐败洗钱和衔接式腐败洗钱两大类,其猖獗的原因在很大程度上缘于现有的法律、管理和合作方面的漏洞。因此,要有效地同腐败洗钱作斗争,必须适应打击洗钱犯罪的大趋势,尽快制定《反洗钱法》,扩大洗钱犯罪对象的范围,强化以审计制度为核心的干部管理体制建设。     

论我国对洗钱罪的没收措施——以《联合国禁毒公约》为视角

《联合国禁毒公约》明确了通过对洗钱罪收益的没收以打击相关犯罪的宗旨。从我国现行刑法的规定来看,应适当扩大洗钱收益的没收范围;制定洗钱收益没收的国内立法以加强国际司法合作;建立对没收的洗钱收益的资产分享制度等,以期有利于我国进一步健全和完善相关的法律机制。     

完善反洗钱措施有效防范资本外逃

随着加入WTO后中国金融业的逐步开放,犯罪分子利用中国经济发展迅速而法律尚不够健全的特点,将中国作为他们洗钱的新据点,中国反洗钱工作将面临巨大的挑战,由于我国反洗钱法律的滞后、法律资源结构性缺陷等问题的存在影响了反洗钱行动顺利有效地开展.随着《反洗钱法》的出台,我国必将完善反洗钱措施,有效防范和打击洗钱犯罪,保障国家金融秩序的稳定与安全.     

Money Laundering: the Economics of Regulation

The paper undertakes an economic analysis of money laundering and of anti-money laundering regulation within a theoretical and normative framework. The model is then applied to the development of the Italian anti-money laundering regulation in recent years.     

洗钱犯罪中三个疑难问题之新探

新刑法将洗钱作为独立的罪名予以规定,为惩治清洗非法收益的犯罪行为开辟了刑事立法的新领域。然而,我国在打击洗钱犯罪方面缺乏丰富的经验,立法上不够完善。本文仅针对洗钱犯罪主体、洗钱行为及未遂标准三个有争议的问题进行探讨,并提出自己的一点点不成熟见解。     

神圣与世俗的交融--西双版纳傣族赕佛消费体系的象征人类学考察

西双版纳傣族的赕佛,是一种非常神圣的宗教现象,但在社会变化中,赕佛消费已经开始从神圣向世俗跌落。南传上座部佛教某些仪式上的世俗化并不会失去往日的威严和神圣,更不会消失。傣族民众会以一种更贴近自然和生活的方式来接纳和传承它的精髓。     

打击洗钱犯罪的难点分析及对策

洗钱犯罪在我国客观存在,甚至相当严重,但公安机关立案、侦查此类案件非常少。公安机关在打击洗钱犯罪方面存在着立案难、侦查难、合作难、协助难和处理难等问题。公安机关要加大打击洗钱犯罪的力度,必须提高对反洗钱重要性的认识,建立专门机构,培养专门人才,加强与金融机构的协作,加强与国外、境外反洗钱机构合作,完善反洗钱的法律法规。     

商誉损害赔偿若干问题研究

近年来,商誉损害赔偿纠纷越来越多.商誉损害不适用精神损害赔偿制度.关于商誉损害赔偿的数额,尚无具有可操作性的计算标准,法院在处理此类案件时较难把握.司法实践中商誉损害赔偿额一是在综合考虑基础上酌情确定,二是以商誉权人消除影响所需费用作为赔偿额的确定依据.应根据商誉损害的不同情况具体分析,然后确定应适用的计算标准.同时,确定商誉赔偿数额的其他方式如法定赔偿额制度等.     

试论语言和货币的符号性

语言符号和货币符号虽然分属于语言学和经济学的两个基本范畴,却又都是适应人类社会交际的需要而产生的,彼此之间有着紧密的联系。同为符号,它们既具有规约性,又具有抽象性和价值的两重性等特征。但是,语言和货币毕竟是两种不同的符号形式,在量与质的方面都存在着差异性。     

Identifying Counterfeit Cigarettes Using Environmental Pollen Analysis: An Improved Procedure*

Traditional pollen preparation techniques provide clear residues for pollen identification; however, such methods are time-consuming, requiring repeated centrifugation, heating, and digestion with high-concentration hazardous chemicals. Tobacco leaves can effectively trap environmental pollen due to hairy surface and terpene-rich exudates. A new tobacco sample processing method was developed by using different extraction chemistry with surfactant. Marlboro Gold cigarettes were employed as model samples for method development. Parameters critical for pollen extraction, which include number of cigarette sticks used, extraction solution, and extraction temperature, were optimized. By using 1% dishwashing detergent to treat three cigarettes at room temperature, the improved method was able to recover sufficient pollen for microscopic analysis in three repeated centrifuge-washing steps and omit hazardous chemicals involved in traditional methods. We focused on the pollen of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), a plant native to North America, as an indicator to differentiate genuine and counterfeit U.S. brand cigarettes. Results from analyzing randomly purchased genuine (authenticated by forensic examination) and known counterfeit Marlboro Gold provided by law enforcement revealed that a significant amount (39%) of Ambrosia were consistently present in all genuine samples, while counterfeit contained none or only trace count. Similar results were found in other counterfeit U.S. brand cigarettes (all seized in the U.S.) involved in this study as well. Lack of Ambrosia in cigarette strongly indicates the product was not originated in the United States.