桂林市社会化居家养老模式的探索与思考

近几年,老龄化步伐的快速迈进对原有养老模式提出了严峻的挑战,人口老龄化的严峻形势需要社会化养老服务。桂林市积极探索新形势下社会化养老模式,推行的社会化“居家养老”模式走在广西区前列。进一步搭建服务平台、加强政策支撑;加大资金投入、提高使用效益;借鉴典型经验、创新发展思路;创新激励机制、壮大服务队伍以及建立评估制度、不断总结提升,应是推动社会化居家养老事业发展的有力举措。     

当代中国经济社会变动与人大代表选举中城乡人口比例政策的演进

在人大代表选举中实行城乡人口比例政策,是我国普选产生人大代表的历史条件所要求的。在一定时期内按不同人口比例配备代表,不但反映了共和国国体的本质,而且标志着国家工业化的发展方向。随着中国经济体制改革、城市化、工业化和城乡一体化的发展,以及城乡人口的融合,城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表的条件已基本成熟。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来实行普选的过程,一定意义上是个逐步实现城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表的政策制定、调整及其实践的过程。在这一过程中,城镇化和非农业人口的发展,成为推动城乡人口比例政策改进和发展的主要经济社会动因。     

人口问题是可持续发展的关键

把实现可持续发展作为一个重大的战略,这是我们党和政府走向21世纪作出的重大选择.在制约可持续发展的诸因素中,人口是可持续发展的关键.文章详尽阐述了人口在可持续发展中的地位和作用,并强调指出必须通过拉制人口数量、提高人口素质的办法,使人口与经济、资源、环境相协调,走可持续发展的道路.     

我国有组织犯罪的特征及其对策

有组织犯罪绝对数量大;其首犯、主犯多有暴力犯罪的前科,几乎全是边缘化人群;多以合法外衣掩饰其违法犯罪行为,以暴力、恐吓手段攫取暴利;呈现专业化、家族化的特征;多有保护伞。控制有组织犯罪依赖于立法专门化、一体化;切实贯彻落实宽严相济刑事政策;完善刑罚体系,重视并努力做好犯罪人的再社会化工作;做好社会治安综合治理工作;优化社会政策,减少边缘人口。     

渐进主义政策模式下的户籍制度改革路径分析

以城乡二元分割为特征的中国户籍制度,以及由此带来的以户籍为标准的城乡之间、不同地域城市之间公共物品配给的不公平,阻碍了人口的自由流动以及经济的发展;户籍制度越来越受到学术界和公众的批判,户籍制度本身也在被批判的浪潮中自我尝试改革,从目前各地户籍制度改革政策的调整来看,渐进主义的政策模式,一定程度上代表了未来户籍制度变革的方向。     

邓小平人口思想浅析

邓小平从战略高度认识到人口数量超过我国经济社会发展水平是我国最基本的国情和矛盾,主张必须坚决控制人口增长;同时要通过教育解决人口素质低下的问题,开发人力资源,实现经济发展模式转型;强调要牢固树立人均观念,走非传统的可持续的现代化发展道路。他的人口思想对我国人口政策的制定和实施产生了重要的影响。     

Mandibular ramus: an indicator for sex in fragmentary mandible

Mandible is the hardest and most durable bone of the skull exhibiting a high degree of sexual dimorphism. Especially ramus of mandible is subjected to greater stress than any other bone of the skull because of the process of mastication. This study has been performed to establish the osteometric standards for practical use in forensic context over Indian population using mandibular ramus. The sample consists of 116 mandibles of Northern Indian population (M:F; 92:24, mean age 37.4 years), collected from the Department of Forensic Medicine, IMS, BHU, Varanasi. Osteometric informations about five metric parameters (coronoid height, projective height, condylar height, and maximum breadth and minimum breadth of ramus) were taken with sliding calipers. These parameters were subjected to different discriminant function analysis using SPSS 16.0. All parameters showed significant sexual dimorphism (p < 0.001 in all cases) with an overall accuracy of 80.2%, and coronoid height was the single best parameter providing an accuracy of 74.1%.     

Identification of group affinity from cross-sectional contours of the human midfacial skeleton using digital morphometrics and 3D laser scanning technology

Identifying group affinity from human crania is a long-standing problem in forensic and physical anthropology. Many craniofacial differences used in forensic skeletal identification are difficult to quantify, although certain measurements of the midfacial skeleton have shown high predictive value for group classifications. This study presents a new method for analyzing midfacial shape variation between different geographic groups. Three-dimensional laser scan models of 90 crania from three populations were used to obtain cross-sectional midfacial contours defined by three standard craniometric landmarks. Elliptic Fourier transforms of the contours were used to extract Fourier coefficients for statistical analysis. After cross-validation, discriminant functions based on the Fourier coefficients provided an average of 86% correct classifications for crania from the three groups. The high rate of accuracy of this method indicates its usefulness for identifying group affinities among human skeletal remains and demonstrates the advantages of digital 3D model-based analysis in forensic research.     

流动人口犯罪对策研究

随着城市化进程的推进,大量流动人口涌进城市,随之而来的是居高不下的流动人口犯罪,流动人口犯罪成为危及城市社会稳定的重要因素。因此,深刻剖析流动人口犯罪的现状和原因,并提出有针对性的对策成为当务之急。