Allele frequencies of 15 autosomal STR loci in the Iraq population with comparisons to other populations from the middle-eastern region

Allele frequencies for the 15 autosomal STR loci included in the AmpFlSTR((R)) IdentifilerTM PCR Amplification Kit panel from Applied Biosystems (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D19S433, D2S1338, D16S539) and several statistical parameters were estimated from a sample of 103 unrelated individuals, mostly Shia and Sunni Arabs, living in most of central and southern Iraq provinces. We compared the allele frequency spectrum detected in the Iraqi population to allele frequencies from 11 other data sets from published studies of individuals from Turkey, Iraqi-Kurdistan, Saudi Arabia, Arab Emarates, Oman, Iran, Syria, and Jordan. Significant global differences in allele frequencies were detected in 9 of the 11 comparisons following sequential Bonferroni corrections. Comparisons with the two independent panels from Saudi Arabia were not significant after applying Bonferroni corrections, however, low P-values (P<0.05) associated with these two contrasts nonetheless suggested that at least slight genetic differences between populations may exist.     

城乡结合部流动人口犯罪问题分析——以北京市朝阳区为例

文章以城乡结合部外来流动人口犯罪为切入点,以北京市朝阳区近五年来批准逮捕的外来流动人口犯罪为例,对该类犯罪的特点、趋势进行分析,对主要成因进行探讨并提出相应的对策建议。     

新时期少数民族流动人口犯罪及其控制

少数民族流动人口犯罪,是指基于经济目的和动因而流动的少数民族人口,离开户籍所在地而发生的犯罪活动。在新形势下,少数民族流动人口犯罪呈现某些规律性特点．其犯罪原因是复杂的、多方面的,其中社会原因是重要原因之一。预防和控制少数民族流动人口犯罪需要全社会共同努力,采取多种手段进行综合治理。     

甘肃省经济系统与人口系统协调发展研究

本研究采用协调发展度模型,通过甘肃省经济系统与人口系统的时间序列数据,对甘肃省经济人口系统的协调发展程度进行了研究。结果显示近十年来甘肃经济发展与人口的协调发展处于不断改善的进程中,从1998--2007年甘肃省经济与人口的协调度系数在不断的增大,而甘肃省14个地州、市的协调发展类型四年间没有太大的变化,且协调发展度的前后排序也没有变动。     

血小板同种抗原基因中9个单核苷酸多态性在广西地区壮族和汉族人群中的差异分析

目的检测血小板同种抗原基因中9个单核苷酸多态性在广西地区壮族和汉族人群中的差异。方法利用基于单碱基延伸的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分型芯片,对广西壮族地区99例壮族个体和107例汉族个体的染色体基因组上10个SNP位点进行了分型,其中9个位于6个血小板同种抗原基因中,1个位于基因间区。此外,结合Hapmap计划第二期公布的四个人群的SNP分型数据,分析这六个人群的遗传结构。结果广西原住汉族人在等位基因频率上未检测到与当地壮族有显著性的差异位点,但在基因型频率上,rs630014和rs9441951两位点是显著差异的。广西壮族人与广西汉族、北京汉族人及日本东京人的遗传结构相近,但与祖先来自欧洲西部和北部的犹他州居民以及尼日利亚伊巴丹的约鲁巴人有显著差异的遗传成分存在。结论壮汉两族由于历史上的多次基因交流可能导致其遗传信息在很大程度上是相近的。     

15 STR loci frequencies in the population from Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil

Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeats (STR) loci were determined with a sample of 3000 unrelated individuals from the population of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. The loci are most commonly used in forensic and paternity testing, being analyzed by the Powerplex 16 (Promega) commercial kit. The data shows that most polymorphic loci were Penta E and FGA. The distributions of the genotypes in the evaluated loci are in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Comparative analyses between our population data and other Brazilian populations are presented. The calculated forensic parameters showed that the loci are useful for the solution of forensic problems in Brazilian Southern region.     

Forensic and population genetic analysis of Serbian population using 21 STR loci of GlobalFiler™ PCR amplification kit

Autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) have been widely used in forensic investigations. Prior to the application of any DNA based identification method, it is essential to estimate the allele frequencies and forensic statistical parameters of targeted STR loci in each population in order to provide a more precise reference database for forensic investigation. The GlobalFiler™ Kit is a multiplex assay that combines the 13 original CODIS loci with 7 non-overlapping loci from the expanded European Standard Set (ESS), as well as the highly discriminating SE33 locus, two Y-based loci and the sex determining maker, Amelogenin. The full complement of loci in the GlobalFiler™ Kit are: D13S317, D7S820, D5S818, CSF1PO, D1S1656, D12S391, D2S441, D10S1248, D18S51, FGA, D21S11, D8S1179, vWA, D16S539, TH01, D3S1358, AMEL, D2S1338, D19S433, DYS391, TPOX, D22S1045, SE33 and a Y-specific insertion/deletion locus (Yindel). The 6-dye GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification kit (ThermoFisher Scientific) comprises 21 autosomal STRs have already been proven to be able to provide reliable DNA profiling results and enhance the power of discrimination between individuals. In this study, we are presenting an analysis of GlobalFiler STR loci on 209 unrelated individuals from Serbia.     

Average Probability that a "Cold Hit" in a DNA Database Search Results in an Erroneous Attribution

Abstract:  We consider a hypothetical series of cases in which the DNA profile of a crime-scene sample is found to match a known profile in a DNA database (i.e., a "cold hit"), resulting in the identification of a suspect based only on genetic evidence. We show that the average probability that there is another person in the population whose profile matches the crime-scene sample but who is not in the database is approximately 2( N  −  d ) p _A , where N is the number of individuals in the population, d is the number of profiles in the database, and p _A is the average match probability (AMP) for the population. The AMP is estimated by computing the average of the probabilities that two individuals in the population have the same profile. We show further that if a priori each individual in the population is equally likely to have left the crime-scene sample, then the average probability that the database search attributes the crime-scene sample to a wrong person is ( N  −  d ) p _A .     

Classification of the Y-haplogroup distributions of Western Eurasian populations using a self-learning algorithm

The understanding of historical relationship between populations is a core aspect of human population history studies. We have compared the frequency of 18 different Y-SNP haplogroups in 90 Western Eurasian populations. Classification of haplogroup distribution vectors using a new self-learning classification algorithm so called “self-organizing cloud (SOC)” proved to be an effective tool to identify population groups, which share common paternal genetic features. By means of the algorithm, we have determined 10 different classes of populations based on the similarity of haplogroup composition. The analysis showed that paternal genetic markers tend to reflect geographical proximity of populations better than linguistic relationship, although certain Y-SNP haplogroups have relatively good correlation with specific language families. These observations are based on the comparative analysis of the Hg distributions of contemporary populations may reflect demographic history of them in the past.