试论儒家德治思想基础、特征及其局限

儒家政治思想是中国传统意识形态的基石,儒家的德治思想又是这个基石的内核,由此形成了独特的德治思维.儒家思想家们把从事政治活动的每个人都想象成为在道德方面完善的主体,这也是中国传统政治中的主流意识形态.本文在分析儒家德治思想的基础和特征的同时,从政治思维、政治理性、方法论等方面又进一步分析了儒家德治思想的局限.     

Fighting risk with risk: solar radiation management,regulatory drift,and minimal justice

ABSTRACT

Solar radiation management (SRM) has been proposed as a means of mitigating climate change. Although SRM poses new risks, it is sometimes proposed as the ‘lesser evil’. I consider how research and implementation of SRM could be regulated, drawing on what I call a ‘precautionary checklist’, which includes consideration of the longer term political implications of technical change. Particular attention is given to the moral hazard of ‘regulatory drift’, in which strong initial regulation softens through complacency, deliberate deregulation (‘regulatory gift’) and the limited constituency of people with the skills to regulate (‘thin markets’). I propose the strengthening of civil society groups to keep regulators in check.     

对著作人身权转让的思考

学界对版权贸易中精神权利的协调问题有四种理论,即精神权利穷竭说、人身权利放弃论、人身权利合理使用论、精神权利转让论。通过比较分析,我们认为允许精神权利转让是可行的。     

Egocentric Ethics

Ethical judgments are often egocentrically biased, such that moral reasoners tend to conclude that self-interested outcomes are not only desirable but morally justifiable. Although such egocentric ethics can arise from deliberate self-interested reasoning, we suggest that they may also arise through unconscious and automatic psychological mechanisms. People automatically interpret their perceptions egocentrically, automatically evaluate stimuli on a semantic differential as positive or negative, and base their moral judgments on affective reactions to stimuli. These three automatic and unconscious features of human judgment can help to explain not only why ethical judgments are egocentrically biased, but also why such subjective perceptions can appear objective and unbiased to moral reasoners themselves.     

论"法德相济"的治国之策

党的十六大把依法治国与以德治国相结合的治国方略写入了现行党章,体现了党在新的历史时期管理国家的治国之策,更加重视对全民道德的培养.在社会主义市场经济条件下,法制建设和道德建设同样重要,二者的结合是兴国之举、利民之策、强国之举、安邦之策.只有德法并举,才能构建一个良好、和谐的社会.     

改革大学德育体系需要纳入人文精神

中国社会步入转型期后,市场经济使大学德育丧失了传统的优势地位。改革大学德育体系需要挖掘新思路,吸收新元素,即纳入人文主义的教育、纳入人文精神。为此,必须变革德育观念,确立以学生人文精神培养为本的新理念,将人文精神纳入大学德育体系     

建立职务犯罪的道德预防体系

文章在界定职务犯罪概念的基础上,根据犯罪原因系统论的观点,全面剖析了造成我国当前职务犯罪猖獗的社会思想道德根源,得出了道德预防是预防职务犯罪的第一道防线也是最后一道防线的观点,最后提出了在全社会建立一套完整的预防职务犯罪道德体系的思路。     

婚姻自由的思考

婚姻自由原则是我国婚姻法的首要原则。婚姻自由包括结婚自由和离婚自由 ,二者不可偏废 ,共同构成了婚姻自由的完整内容。婚姻自由体现的是自然人对自己自由意志的支配 ,是婚姻内在价值的体现 ,是对婚姻自主权的肯定和界定。     

公民道德建设引入约束机制的理性思考

当前公民道德建设中 ,亟需建立一套完善的与道德教化相匹配的 ,如行政的、经济的、法律的等一系列行之有效的约束机制 ,通过约束机制的引导和支撑 ,以保证公民道德建设取得实效     

贯彻落实以德治国加强公民道德建设

重视道德建设是我国优秀的历史文化传统。新时期加强公民道德建设是发展社会主义市场经济的客观要求,是应对经济全球化、迎接入世挑战的客观需要,也是促进人的全面发展、规范科技发展的必然要求。在学校德育中,要重视道德实践的作用,要尊重学生的主体地位,从具体事情抓起,与时俱进,循序渐进,逐步提高。