The legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ in the Province of Quebec

ABSTRACT

This article examines the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse in the Province of Quebec, Canada. It draws upon an analysis of 31 documents (legislation, research reports and articles, training documents, professional documents and media articles) and interviews with 13 key informants, who were selected based on their knowledge of ‘parental alienation’ in research, policies or practices. The research findings reveal that the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse is a more recent process than in other provinces and countries, but that it has now permeated child custody as well as child protection proceedings. Academic researchers and media have been instrumental in this legitimization and institutionalization process, while the role played by changes to child protection policies is more ambiguous. The findings reveal researchers’ and experts’ tendency to distance themselves from Gardner’s controversial work on ‘parental alienation syndrome’ and to address the critiques by proposing new approaches and new concepts. However, the terms ‘parental alienation syndrome’, ‘parental alienation’ and ‘alienating behaviours’ are often used interchangeably, and assessment practices tend to rely on similar indicators.     

论语篇功能分析在文学分析中的应用

韩礼德建构系统功能语法的目的之一是为语篇研究提供一个分析框架。国内用语言学理论特别是系统功能语法理论来分析文学作品还不多见。本文尝试对海明威的一个短篇小说《雨中的猫》进行语篇功能分析,旨在揭示小说主题,再现海明威写作之特点,从而通过本文的讨论、分析来检验系统功能语法在文学作品分析中的可操作性。     

Towards a school constitution for freedom -- a comparative analysis in Western and Eastern Europe

This article shows the recent European discussion on and developments in the reform of school government and administration. This reorganisation is directed at reducing state influence and widening self-responsibility of schools. It is a part of a general development towards decentralisation and deregulation, subsidiarity and plurality in civil society. This overview, with illustrations from different countries, shows a general agreement in Western and Eastern Europe that the humanisation of education must also be promoted through liberalisation and democratisation of decision-making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

简述狱政统计的调查与分析

狱政统计是对狱政管理工作进行全面、系统、准确调查分析的方法,是研究狱政现象数量方面的专业性工作。搞好狱政统计,是实现监狱工作法制化、科学化的客观要求。狱政统计调查是狱政统计整理和分析研究的前提,肩负着提供狱政统计基础资料的任务。狱政统计分析是狱政统计研究的最后阶段,也是提供狱政统计研究成果的阶段。采取正确的分析方法,从各个不同方面对狱政现象进行综合的分析研究,才能全面、深入地认识问题。     

关于企业边界的理论评述与思考

企业边界理论存在的不足主要有:交易成本经济学缺乏环境变化的动态分析;新古典理论对不少现象缺乏解释力;竞争优势理论缺少深度分析;迈克尔的分析框架不能解释中国的现实问题。鉴于企业边界问题复杂而动态,因此企业边界的理论研究有待进一步深化。     

对江门市直党政机关竞争上岗几种评价结果的比较研究

用积差相关和纯相关法,对江门市直机关机构改革竞争上岗的五项指标进行分析,结果表明,群众在平时与演讲答辩时对竞争者评价标准趋于一致;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价,与群众在演讲答辩后对竞争者的评价关系不密切;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价,与演讲答辩后考官的评价不密切;领导在组织考察后对竞争者的评价与群众平时对竞争者的评价关系不密切;群众平时对竞争者的评价,与演讲答辩后考官的评价之间关系不密切;演讲答辩后群众对竞争者的评价,与考官对竞争者的评价之间关系不密切。     

发射光谱分析微量油漆串并系列盗枪案

目的检验4个现场提取的残留油漆,为系列枪支被盗案件串并案提供依据。方法发射光谱分析油漆微量元素成份。结果4个现场提取的油漆微量元素成份一致,根据痕迹特征,属同一种工具所致。结论该方法经济快速、灵敏度高、用材量少,适用于微量元素分析。     

对加入WTO后流动人口犯罪的社会学分析

加入WTO以后,随着经济、社会的巨大变化,流动人口犯罪将会成为困扰我国社会治安的突出问题之一。在“与狼共舞”的过程中,如何防范和控制流动人口犯罪,维护社会稳定?本文从社会学的视角,对其进行了分析,并提出了基本思路。     

Sex Differences in Age Patterns of Delinquent/Criminal Careers: Results from Poisson Latent Class Analyses of the Philadelphia Cohort Study

Applications of latent class analyses to the study of criminal careers have yielded results with implications for criminological theory. Distinct latent classes of individuals within various samples have been identified based upon the similarity of individuals with respect to their rate of offending across the teen and adult years, net of the effects of other regressors. In previous research on samples of males taken from the cities of London and Philadelphia, four and five such categories have been identified respectively, ranging from a group of nonoffenders to a group of chronic offenders. However, the question of whether similar findings hold for females has not been adequately addressed, in part due to the scarcity of longitudinal samples with sizable female populations. Data from the Second Philadelphia Cohort are used to address this and related questions. First, are there latent classes of female offenders? Second, if such categories do exist, how do they compare? Third, how do classes of male and female offenders compare on key measures of criminal careers? Analyses of the samples yield differing numbers of classes for males and females. Gender invariances as well as differences in patterns of offending are also found and are discussed.     

生物检材中的液化石油气成分的土顶空GC/MS分析

目的 建立测定人血中液化石油气(LPG)主要成分的定性定量方法。方法 将LPG添加到血中,用综合质谱图及保留时间定性、单离子法定量分析。结果LPG的7种主要成分血中最小检出限为12.8～31.3ng;仪器最小测量限为1.02～3.36ng。结论 土顶空-GC/MS法测定人血中LPG,简便、快速、准确,适用于LPG成分的检测。