混合样本拆分查询犯罪嫌疑人的应用研究

目的对一起杀人案中的混合样本进行拆分，期望获得嫌疑人的单-分型，以便于DNA数据库检索查询。方法采用专家人工拆分和图挖掘拆分对混合样本进行拆分，结果入“DNA快速协查比对平台”检索。结果2种方法先后比中数据库中同一前科人员。结论对2人份混合样本进行拆分，在DNA数据库中直接查找犯罪嫌疑人，是一种新的办案思路。     

用辩证的视角考量犯罪现场勘察工作

世上事物皆有两面性，要想全面地认识事物及其背后的客观规律，必须坚持运用辩证的思维、视角来认识、看待事物。犯罪现场勘查是侦查人员对犯罪现场认识、勘查、分析的过程，要想全面地认识、勘查、分析犯罪现场必须坚持运用辩证的视角来考量犯罪现场勘查工作。     

The state of the art in privacy impact assessment

There is growing interest in Europe in privacy impact assessment (PIA). The UK introduced the first PIA methodology in Europe in 2007, and Ireland followed in 2010. PIAs provide a way to detect potential privacy problems, take precautions and build tailored safeguards before, not after, the organisation makes heavy investments in the development of a new technology, service or product. This paper presents some findings from the Privacy Impact Assessment Framework (PIAF) project and, in particular, the project's first deliverable, which analyses the similarities and differences between PIA methodologies in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, with a view to picking out the best elements which could be used in constructing an optimised PIA methodology for Europe. The project, which began in January 2011, is being undertaken for the European Commission's Directorate General Justice. The first deliverable was completed in September. The paper provides some background on privacy impact assessment, identifies some of its benefits and discusses elements that can be used in construction of a state-of-the-art PIA methodology.     

省属高等院校管理体制改革问题分析

高校管理体制改革似政府机构改革般跳不出“精简——膨胀——精简”的怪圈。当前省属高校管理体制存在着诸如“院系关系没有理顺”、“依法治校力度不够”等突出问题，高校管理体制改革要解决这些问题应首先从明晰院系两级职权责关系、建章立制和处理若干关系等方面展开。     

检察机关全面出庭公诉案件简易审的障碍析解

新修正的《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》中明确要求适用简易程序审理的公诉案件,人民检察院应当派员出席法庭。从当前情况来看,这一新规定要想在实践中顺畅运行,还面临一系列障碍:从观念认识层面来看,基层机关的许多同志对这一制度的必要性缺乏认识,心生抵触心理;从实践操作层面来看,表现为基层检察机关的工作量大幅度增加、配套工作机制缺乏;从理论跟进层面来看,表现为理论准备不足、难以建立相应配套制度。对上述障碍进行系统分析并提出解决思路,对于检察机关尽快适应新规定要求、顺利开展工作具有重要意义。     

数字图像技术辅助二次短路熔痕金相组织定量分析研究

以电气火灾二次短路熔痕显微组织为例，利用显微图像各组元的灰度特性，运用数字图像技术中的图像滤波、图像分割、轮廓提取方法对显微组织图像进行预处理，获取图像晶格和孔洞。结合体视学方法．对显微组织晶格粒径、孔洞大小等几何特征参数进行计算分析与测量，探讨数字图像技术辅助二次短路熔痕金相组织进行定量分析技术方法。     

侦查学中几个易混淆名词概念辨析

作为一门实践性极强的应用学科，侦查学学科体系和科目内容日臻完善，对侦查实践起到了一定的指导作用。然而发展中的侦查学也处于部分理论滞后于侦查实践的状态，甚至一些名词概念也存在似是而非的现象。罗列多组侦查学中最常见又极容易混淆的名词，从概念内涵与特征、适用范围与对象等作以对照比较、区别辨析，以减少在认识理解上的混乱和错误。     

拉美民众意识形态极化趋势及其影响

拉美国家近年来政局不稳的一个重要原因在于民众的意识形态出现了极化的趋势。本文分析了2012—2019年间“美洲晴雨表”中18个拉美国家的数据,发现自2014年以来,持极端意识形态的民众尤其是持极左观点的民众比重出现了显著上升,这主要是受到经济发展形势和各国执政党意识形态两个因素的交互影响。宏观上,以极左民众比重上升为特征的极化趋势主要是受到整个区域经济持续低迷和右翼政府的紧缩性经济政策影响。微观上,本文通过回归分析发现,民众对国家经济形势的判断与其所在国执政党的意识形态共同影响着其极化方向。在右翼执政的国家,民众对国家经济形势的评价越负面,其持极左观点的概率越高,持极右观点的概率越低;在左翼执政的国家,民众对国家经济形势的评价越负面,其持极左观点的概率越低,持极右观点的概率越高。最后,本文讨论了民众意识形态极化对拉美国家政局稳定的影响。本文发现,拉美极端民众尤其是极左民众参加抗议游行的概率显著高于温和民众。这意味着一国的极端民众比重越高,其发生大规模示威游行的概率越高。     

Political support among winners and losers: Within- and between-country effects of structure,process and performance in Europe

Why is the winner-loser gap in political support wider in some countries and narrower in others? Previous studies have focused on how the input side of political systems (i.e., the institutional structure) affects the winner-loser gap. This study suggests that one should also consider the output side (i.e., the quality of political process and economic performance) and posits that two mechanisms – rational and psychological – can explain how output factors affect the gap. Going beyond previous research, this article also considers whether contextual characteristics explain the variation in the gap not only between countries, but also within them. Applying mixed models to survey data from 30 European countries between 2002 and 2015, the study finds that the differences in support between winners and losers across countries are smaller in consensual systems, as in these contexts the support among losers is higher. However, changes in the institutional structure do not explain the over-time variation in the winner-loser gap. Moreover, increasing quality of process and economic performance do not attenuate the gap across countries and over time, as they affect positively the political support of both winners and losers. The study shows which contextual factors explain the winner-loser gap and points to the conditions that increase losers’ consent, which is a crucial element of democratic legitimacy.     

Political cartoons as carnivalesque: a multimodal discourse analysis of Argentina’s Humor Registrado magazine

Political cartoons, although generally neglected by academic criticism, are often one of the only forms of socio-political critique permitted during authoritarian rule (Barajas, Rafael. 2000. “The Transformative Power of art: Mexico’s Combat Cartoonists.” NACLA Report on the Americas, 3: 6–41). This paper explores the reasons behind this, reading the genre as a form of Bakhtin’s carnivalesque, a participatory space of oppositional discourse outside the official version with which it has an “ambivalent” relationship (Bakhtin, Mikhael. 1984. Rabelais and His World (Trans Iswolsky H). Bloomington: Indiana University Press) and can be allowed to circulate as a “safety valve” (Holquist, Michael. 1984. “Prologue.” In Rabelais and his World, edited by M. Bakhtin, xiii–xxiii. Bloomington: Indiana University Press) of controlled protest. Drawing on tools of Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Social Semiotics (Kress, Gunther, and Theo Van Leeuwen. 1996. Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. New York: Routledge) and Semiology (Barthes, Roland. 1968. Elements of Semiology. New York: Hill and Wang) for methodological purposes, this study investigates this hypothesis through the political cartoons of the covers of satirical fortnightly publication Humor Registrado during the final year of Argentina’s last dictatorship, 1982–1983. The magazine’s role in challenging the dictatorship is explored through an analysis of its representations of key social actors and events during Argentina’s difficult period of transition from dictatorship to democracy following defeat in the 1982 Malvinas/Falklands War.