Looking for Sustainability: Environmental Coalitions across the State-Society Divide

This paper compares environmental policymaking in two Brazilian cities, Rio de Janeiro and Cubatão. It examines the formation of state-society synergistic interactions in the public policymaking process and their effect on long term sustainability of social mobilization. It concludes that whereas social capital can be constructed in the context of policymaking, it is critically dependent on a concerted effort from both state and society actors to build trust in their daily interactions. The Cubatão and Carioca River cases show that state-society synergy had little effect on the ability of the policy coalitions formed for pollution clean up to sustain themselves over time. Instead, there are indications that rather than a constraint, the flexible and informal nature of such coalitions may have been a critical factor in their ability to carry out policy successfully.     

受贿罪客观方面比较研究——以“职务行为”、“受贿方式”为中心

“职务行为”、“受贿方式”是受贿罪客观方面的重要组成部分。职务行为从主体上看包括本人及他人的职务,从时间上看只指利用现时职务的便利,刑法应增设职前受贿罪和职后受贿罪;受贿方式包括收受、期约、索取等三种。     

“公司多边治理“质疑——兼论“公司利益相关者论“之法理缺陷

"公司利益相关者论"自传入我国后,对我国公司治理理论产生了较大影响,有学者在其基础上提出了"公司多边治理"的概念,用以重塑我国公司治理结构.然而,因缺乏相应的法理学基础以及在市场经济中的不可行性,目前把"多边治理"引入我国公司治理领域非但不能促进公司长远发展和保护社会利益,结果只能是适得其反.     

Typeability of AmpFlSTR SGM Plus loci in brain and thyroid gland tissue samples incubated in different environments

Autolysis and putrefaction are crucial factors responsible for degradation of cells, tissues, and organs. Postmortem changes may assume different course depending on extrinsic and intrinsic conditions. The aim of the study was assessment of environmental effect on typeability of AmpFlSTR SGM Plus loci: D3S1358, VWA, D16S539, D2S1338, D81179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, TH01, FGA, and gender marker amelogenin. Brain and thyroid gland tissue specimens collected during autopsies of five persons aged 20-30 years were incubated at 21 degrees C and 4 degrees C in different environmental conditions. DNA was extracted by organic method from tissue samples collected in 7-day intervals and subsequently typed using AmpFlSTR SGM Plus kit and ABI 310. A fast decrease in typeability rate was seen in specimens incubated in peat soil and in sand. Brain tissue samples were typeable in all AmpFlSTR SGM Plus loci within 126 days of incubation at 4 degrees C. Faster DNA degradation was recorded in thyroid gland specimens. In samples with negative genotyping results, no DNA was found by fluorometric quantitiation.     

行政诉讼中“和解协议”制度分析——制度比较和构建的视角

行政诉讼和解的目的在于节省司法资源,尽快结束诉讼,这符合构建和谐诉讼的理念。和解协议在性质上既具有行政法上的性质,又具有诉讼法上的性质。经确认的和解协议具有与生效判决相同的效力。当和解协议存在瑕疵时,结合我国行政诉讼法的立法现状,通过再审来启动救济程序。     

中国城市环境治理信息型政策工具选择的政治逻辑——政府环境治理能力向度的考察

环境问题、环境治理和环境政策工具的选择与政治之间存在关联。中国城市环境治理信息型政策工具的选择有其政治上的动因,也需要考虑政治因素。这之中所蕴涵的逻辑关系就是中国城市环境治理信息型政策工具选择的政治逻辑。政府环境治理能力向度上中国城市环境治理信息型政策工具选择的政治逻辑主要表现为提升中国城市政府环境政策能力、环境监管能力、环境正义维护能力和环境制度创新能力需要选择信息型政策工具。     

风险社会下我国环境刑法的现代转型

当前中国正处于风险社会的关口,环境犯罪问题尤为突出。在风险社会下,我国环境犯罪的刑法立法仍然没有摆脱人类中心主义的束缚,环境犯罪刑法立法存在着诸多的瑕疵。为应对风险社会带来的新挑战,我国环境犯罪刑法立法实现由结果本位向规范本位的适度转向,由此,刑法应当适度调适犯罪圈的大小、建构双向的责任推定原则以及改革和创新刑罚制度,以充分实现环境刑法与风险社会的衔接。     

由环境群体性事件看我国参与式民主建设

环境群体性事件是我国公众基于维护生态利益而采取的环保自力救济行为的典型表现,实际上环保自力救济行为也为我国参与式民主政治建设提供了新的视角,解决生态问题内在地包含于以生态为导向的社会主义政治文明建设的理论逻辑与实践进程之中。有序的社会参与是建设社会主义政治文明和社会主义生态文明的双向要求和逻辑结合点,因此,在环境管理中引入社会参与机制,既是参与式民主理念在环境事务中的应用和深化,也是建设中国特色社会主义民主政治的现实选择。     

The Quest for a United Nations Specialised Agency for the Environment

Abstract

Recent years have seen intense intergovernmental deliberations on issues concerning governance in the field of environment. Their aim has been to address the role of the institutions that provide platforms for international environmental cooperation. There are two main lines of enquiry: the role of regime-specific institutions that cater to sectoral regulatory frameworks (popularly known as multilateral environmental agreements, or MEAs); and the role of institutions that are established to follow up on global environmental conferences or a specific environmental task. Most of these institutions reflect intergovernmental consensual process. However, there are concerns about their proliferation and there is a growing cacophony of calls to ‘bring coherence to the fragmented landscape of MEAs, intergovernmental bodies, UN system entities and other international organizations’ (Sha Zukang (2011) ‘Legal and policy dimensions of sustainable development: expected contribution of Rio + 20’, Environmental Policy and Law, 41(6), pp. 244–246, at p. 245). In fact the need to bring order to environmental governance has assumed great importance and urgency if environmental cooperation is to be achieved. This paper explores, in particular, the role of the United Nations Environment Programme and its potential for conversion to a specialised agency of the UN.