探析GATT/WTO体制的政治经济学

从GATT到WTO,这一多边贸易体制对世界经济的发展起了重要的作用。随着经济全球化进程的加快和中国入世,研究GATT/WTO业已形成的规则背后所蕴涵的国际政治和经济关系,以及这些规则不断发展的动力及其来源,对我国体制改革、经济发展和政治稳定有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

Appellate and trial court caseload growth: A pooled time-series-cross-section analysis

This is an econometric study of factors behind filing growth since 1970 in state trial courts and, especially, appellate courts. The model posits two categories of variables: those affecting the supply of disputes and those affecting the costbenefit considerations of potential litigants. The study uses a pooled time-seriescross-section design and a fixed-effects regression procedure. The overall conclusion is that factors determining the supply of disputes overwhelm other factors entered in the model. At the trial level, economic conditions 2 years earlier strongly affect civil filings, and crime rates for the current and prior year have moderate impacts on criminal filings. The output capacity of trial courts, measured by the number of judges, has a strong impact on appeals. Economic conditions and trial court filings influence civil appeals in later years, and prison commitments influence criminal appeals. The great majority of cost-benefit factors, such as simplification of appellate procedure and interest-rate differentials, showed little or no impact on appeals.In view of the rising emphasis on replicability (Dewaldet al., 1986; Campbell, 1986; Cook and Zarkin, 1986), we stress that the data for this research are available from the Inter-Univarsity consortium for Political and Social Research, and we will provide copies of the computer printouts giving the programs (that apply SAS) and the results. In addition, Court Studies periodically updates the data set, and it will supply current data upon request.     

Crime patterns and their relation to subjective social stress and support indicators: The role of gender

This study investigated the relationship between the subjective perception of stress and support in the population (as independent variables) and the prevalence of homicide, robbery, and property offenses in society, while controlling for the effect of gender, i.e., how these crimes are related to the differential perception of stress and support among males and females. The theoretical framework is provided by a stress-support model which postulates that crime in society will be positively related to stress factors and negatively related to support systems. Eight stress indicators and four support (solidarity) indicators were included. The data regarding these indicators were derived from continuing surveys of representative samples of the urban population in Israel during the years 1967–1979. The theoretical model was supported by the findings, especially those relating to property offenses. The effects of the female indicators were strongest (and greater than those of males) with regard to property offenses. The regression coefficients of the female indicators were also consistently larger than those of males, indicating that women's perceptions of stress are better predictors of crime rates than those of males. The results are compared to those of previous studies and suggestions are made for future studies in this new line of criminological research.     

浅谈经济全球化下中国企业营销创新

高新科技、市场经济、跨国公司的发展、地区合作、全球化营销等成为经济全球化的推动因素,中国企业的营销现状比较落后,经济全球化对中国市场营销提出了挑战,企业应在营销理念、营销策略、营销技术手段等方面进行创新。     

俄朝经贸合作回顾与展望

朝鲜自1948年建国以来一直接受着苏联的经济援助。苏联解体后,俄朝之间的贸易额显著下降,仅为苏联时期的6%。俄朝两国在劳务、渔业、投资、木材采伐和农业领域有所合作,并积极探寻可继续发展合作的道路。资金短缺是两国经贸合作中遇到的最大障碍。未来俄朝两国在合作修建铁路、森林采伐、渔业、旅游等领域中前景广阔。     

民法与经济法价值之比较分析

本文首先从经济关系层面出发 ,对民法与经济法的互动进行了分析。指出二者价值差异的根源在于经济思想、公平理念和利益观的差异。二者价值体系在总体上具有一致性、谐和性和互补性。同时揭示了他们间的文化与精神的互补、功能的相互矫正及调整对象的交叉。     

论知识型文化消费及其对经济增长的贡献

知识型文化消费是指消费主体在知识文化领域的消费,是消费主体为满足知识文化生活的需要,采取不同的方式消耗知识文化服务产品的过程。知识型文化消费具有一定的经济功能。知识型文化消费的主要内容为教育消费和职业培训。知识型文化消费对经济增长的贡献已经被大多数国家的经济发展战略所证实。     

略论近代右江流域圩市发展

新的世纪 ,广西正在加强西部民族地区的市场经济建设 ,以此来加大对民族地区经济开发力度 ,推进民族经济融合的进程。文章从历史学的角度对近代以来右江流域圩市发展状况、成因及其局限性作了初步探讨。认为这些圩市对活跃民族地区农村市场 ,繁荣商品经济有一定的积极作用 ,但与其它地区相比 ,该区域圩市发展又有一定局限性。     

对城中村改造的思考

改革开放后,国民经济得到了迅猛发展,城市化进程大大加快,但由于社会管理具有相对经济发展的滞后性,农村就业、户籍、社会保障等政策没有相应程度的改变,造成了现在的种种遗留问题。为此,应制定城市房地产发展政策,聚积资金,逐步实施改造,定位于发展廉租公寓,根据城市规划的要求,将新村纳入整个城市发展空间,多方筹集改造资金,改革集体资产产权制度,建立股份公司,对转制后的城中村,统一实行社会化管理。     

经济民主:现代公司控制权扭曲的解决思路

现代公司大股东控制和经营者控制导致的公司控制权扭曲已成为痼疾 ,其滥用的一般机理呈现为决策的独裁、利益的垄断和信息的虚假 ,由此将公司治理结构所生成的优势冲蚀殆尽 ,直接威胁到公司制度的生存与发展。解决问题的根本出路在于遵循经济民主思想 ,恢复股东大会的民主管理机能和建立具有自我矫治功能的公司治理结构。