洛克对政治权力内涵的分析

洛克在《政府论两篇》中分析了政治权力的内涵。他的学说对英美自由主义理论的发展产生了深远的影响。尽管如此,学界却一直忽视了洛克的政治权力理论,仅仅强调了他的权利理论。本文试图弥补这一缺陷。洛克分析政治权力的起点是享有财产权和自由的个体,这些个体构成了一个前政治的自由秩序。以此为基础,洛克通过社会契约解释了政治权力的生成逻辑,并在这一论证过程中赋予政治权力以特定的道德属性。他阐释政治权力内涵的另一个特点是他赋予了政治权力以一种特殊的存在形态,即"立法权力"。洛克阐述的这一政治权力有效地在理论上对抗了当时的父权理论和绝对主权理论,为他设计一个宪政国家奠定了基础。     

卢梭自由思想探析

自由思想是卢梭政治哲学的重要组成部分。卢梭认为,人的自由包括自然自由、社会自由和道德自由三种形态。人类历史发展的进程,就表现为由自然自由到自由的丧失再到社会自由和道德自由归复的梯级发展过程。这三种自由涉及到人类社会的两种状态,即自然状态和社会状态。     

行政垄断若干问题研究

研究行政垄断需要对行政垄断的概念、行政垄断的类别进行梳理,对行政垄断的成因进行分析。在此基础上,就行政垄断的规制路径、行政垄断的构成要件以及法律责任等相关问题进行评论,并就《反垄断法》中关于行政垄断问题需要细化和改进之处提出建议。     

环境公益诉讼原告资格分析

环境公益诉讼制度是实现对自然权利维护的有效途径。实现对自然权利的司法救济,其关键之处就在于原告起诉资格的适当放宽,允许公众为了自然的权利而向法院提起诉讼。鉴于我国环境诉讼中原告资格的立法现状,我国环境诉讼中对原告资格立法应进一步完善。     

外贸豁免制度的贸易保护功能研究

随着各国贸易保护战略的推进,反垄断法作为政府进行经济调控的工具,与贸易保护政策间的互动关系日益紧密。对外贸易反垄断豁免正是各国为满足贸易需求而普遍适用的竞争政策,它对于促进一国对外贸易发展、提高国际竞争力、保护国内产业利益具有特别的功能和效果,但其适用也受到限制。根据发达国家的有关立法和实践,我国《反垄断法》下的外贸豁免制度尚需完善,惟有如此方能确保其必要的贸易保护功能得以有效发挥。     

论出租车经营中的垄断问题

出租车经营中存在的垄断问题,包括：出租车公司与交通主管部门之间存在政企同盟、出租车公司滥用市场支配地位和形成垄断协议、自由资本对低效管制体制的冲击等。解决问题的路径除了现实主导的行政力量外,还可以有反垄断执法机构的执法、法院的反垄断司法。     

自然资源是俄罗斯的诅咒还是福祉?

目前俄罗斯不存在明显的资源诅咒现象。从经济增长、人力资本积累和收入差距、社会秩序等方面看,无法找到确切的证据表明在俄罗斯存在明显的"资源诅咒"现象。至少到目前为止,俄罗斯无法摆脱对能源原材料部门的依赖,是资源诅咒发生的重要表现。而且,俄罗斯政府对社会领域的投资,对稳定基金、主权养老基金的重视,在很大程度上帮助俄罗斯人更加有效地解决了自然资源的使用效率问题。俄罗斯的经验说明,丰裕的自然资源到底会成为经济长期发展的福祉还是诅咒,最终还是取决于政策,或者说是取决于"人"的因素。     

TRAGIC CONSCIOUSNESS,NATURAL LANGUAGE AND MODERN SPIRIT OF THE RULE OF LAW

Tragic consciousness, which originated in childhood, is complex compassion based on strong self-consciousness. After being moralized, tragic consciousness presents the dichotomy of good and evil, which has not only profoundly affected the formation of natural language, but also cradled the theory of natural law and religious spirit. Modern jurisprudence attempts to get rid of the shackles of classics and Christian humanism, to shape the autonomous and self-consistent image of law with the de lege lata as center. However, it is difficult for modern jurisprudence to surpass the natural language which rooted in tragic consciousness, and impossible to neglect or deny the independent value of the human. The inherent conflict within the rule of law makes ironically a tragedy, especially in the context of contemporary China.     

The Wilderness Act of 1964 and the Wilderness Preservation Policy Network

ABSTRACT

This article surveys an unpublished piece in which Friedrich Engels examined the ecological conditions of Ireland in a chapter entitled the “Natural Conditions” in his unfinished History of Ireland. In interpreting Engels’s findings dialectically we are able to explicate a dialectical framework that gives us a greater insight into how Engels understands the way in which the dialectics of nature enfold in a particular bioregion and how, crucially, those same organic processes of nature provide the necessary ecological conditions for society to engage in agricultural cultivation. The geological system of Ireland and its particular sieve-like structure moderate the climatic condition of excessive rainfall so that cultivation can continue. This investigation by Engels can be seen as a concrete case study into the dynamic metabolising relationships between the diverse organic processes of Nature as they are appropriated by society in agricultural production. The conceptual trajectory of this dialectical analysis is to emphasise the inherent fluidity, mutual interaction and “universal connection” of the forces of nature. This particular work of Engels’s is a significant contribution to our understanding not only of the dialectics of nature but also of the methodology of dialectics as such.     

Undignified Thoughts After Nature: Adorno's Aesthetic Theory

Abstract

This paper seeks to redress the marginalization of Adorno in environmental philosophical discourse. Kate Soper describes two opposing ways of conceiving nature. There is the redemptive "nature-endorsing" paradigm that lays claim to the intrinsic value or "otherness" of nature. Conversely, the "nature-sceptical" approach denies that we can access originary, untouched nature. This paper argues that the significance of Adorno's treatment of natural beauty lies in how he brings these approaches together. In writings that resonate with the dual connotations of Sebald's phrase "after nature", Adorno both affirms the skeptical point that we cannot transcend a human history alienated from nature as well as retaining redemptive hope wherein art "after" nature seeks creative possibilities from out of the very ruins of history marked by nature's destruction.