从"人"的发现到"以人为本"--马克思的"人学"发展理路

马克思对"人"的新发现在于揭示出"人是人的最高本质"、人的本质是一切社会关系的总和等命题,并从人的存在方式的多样性角度提炼出人的本质和特点.马克思人学思想有着深刻的"以人为本"底蕴,表现在人处于实践和理论的出发点地位;社会发展是"人的解放"的过程;"每个人的自由发展"是人的发展的目的.马克思人学思想有着强烈的实践性特征.     

对官文化与传统文化关系的理性审视

官文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从文化的独立性上来看,政治控制着文化,文化是实现政治统治的利器。从文人的精神趋向上来看,文人把做官作为从学的最终目的,把读书作为达到政治目的的手段。而对人民大众,则实行"牧民"、"愚民"的政策,普通大众形成奴性思想,依附型人格。于是形成文化屈从政治的传统,文化始终没有达到独立自觉的地位。因此,新时代的人民文化必须彻底地批判官文化,实现由官文化向人民文化的转变。     

论德川身份等级制中的“差别”现象

德川身份等级制既是统治秩序,又是职业体系。由于其在政治与经济领域、权力与财富领域的二元分离,使士、农、工、商四个等级间的差别与各等级内部的差别呈现出各不相同的特点。德川身份等级制具有浓厚的封建色彩,严重禁锢了人们的思想和行为,但它内部却酝酿着有利于社会发展的积极因素。     

国家所有权法学诱析

所有权是私法上的概念,而国家所有权兼有公法及私法上的特性,这使得研究国家所有权变得复杂。文章以国家所有权概念为切入点,分析国家所有权的主体、客体、内容、行使及国家所有权保护等相关内容,旨在丰富我国国家所有权理论,以期有益于我国今后的物权立法和国有资产管理体制改革之实践。     

家庭主要照顾者与我国老年人对社区服务需求的研究

通过分析2010年中国城乡老年人口状况追踪调查的数据,本文探讨了家庭主要照顾者对我国城乡老年人社区服务需求的影响。主要照顾者被分为五类,即配偶、儿子、女儿、儿媳和其他人。配偶和儿子在我国城乡老年人照顾者中所占的比例最高;儿媳在农村老年人主要照顾者中占的比例较高。对各种社区服务有需求的农村老人的比例高于城市老人;城乡老年人对上门看病和上门护理服务需求最高。回归结果表明,被配偶和女儿照顾的城市老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较小;被女儿照顾的农村老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较低。这说明被不同照顾者照料的老年人对社区服务的需求有显著差异;被儿子、儿媳和其他人照料的老年人很可能是今后我国老年社区服务的主要对象。     

The role of respect in interactions with police among substance-using African refugee young people in Melbourne,Australia

Racialized policing and substance use are major issues faced by African young people in Australia. In-depth interviews with 18 refugee young people who use alcohol and/or drugs examined interactions with police. Status respect and human respect played important roles in interactions with police. Participants felt unfairly targeted by police and reported that they were disrespected by police through the use of discriminatory language, failing to differentiate between individuals leading to a sense of loss of self-identity, and stereotyping. Development and implementation of programs focusing on building mutual understanding and respect is needed to improve relations between refugee-background youth and police.     

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

The Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons is the first social security legislation in China, with more than 50 laws directly related to the legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and career development for people with disabilities. In terms of employment protections for people with disabilities, it is important to focus on effective legal implementation, utilizing legal rulings to limit employment discrimination against people with disabilities. Educational protections are an important precondition for enabling people with disabilities to live with dignity; it should be guaranteed that people with disabilities are provided “reasonable accommodation” in educational conditions. A barrier-free environment is a necessary condition for social integration of people with disabilities. At the same time, it also benefits other members of the society such as the elderly. Through rehabilitation and exercise, most people with disabilities can return to the society to a significant degree. China should gradually expand the legislative scope of rehabilitation service fee reductions and legal categories of auxiliary appliances, issuing guiding documents that provide specifications for the relevant “dormant” legal provisions.     

试论工会在以人为本师德建设中的作用

师德具有民族历史性,总是与不同国家、不同历史阶段的教育发展水平相适应。"以人为本"是现代社会对教育所提出的一种新的要求。以人为本的师德建设,就是本着"以人为本"的宗旨,尊重教师自身的价值,充分调动教师的能动性,最大限度地发挥教师的潜能,把教师的工具价值减少到最低的限度,让教师有自主发展的余地。工会组织作为党联系教职工群众的桥梁与纽带,应为教师的发展服务,把师德建设落到实处;通过各种途径,提高教师的主体意识,使教师感到被尊重、被重视、被信任,使师德建设真正发挥实效。