新经济政策与列宁社会发展理论

务实和创新是列宁社会发展理论的精髓。它在新经济政策中得到了充分的体现。务实创新精神的贯彻,主要表现在列宁对落后国家发展基点、发展道路、发展主体、发展规律及发展动力等问题的深刻认识中。新经济政策在列宁社会发展理论中占据着重要的地位。     

邓小平的政策创新思想

邓小平的政策创新思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分,其基本内容包括政策创新的现实基础、政策创新的条件因素、政策创新的价值取向,三者相互联系、相互贯通。正是因为政策的创新,建设有中国特色社会主义事业才取得了巨大的成就。     

国家与经济发展:关于发展问题的深层次思考

研究一个国家的经济发展问题离不开政治因素的讨论。作为政治因素的核心,国家自然应进入我们的研究视野。应建立国家经济学,把政治观念与新古典的分析方法结合起来,探讨经济发展的源泉,揭示经济发展规律,研究经济发展问题。     

地方治理理论的启示

地方治理理论作为研究公共事务的一个新的分析框架,是新兴的治理理论基本理念在地方政府层面的具体化。地方治理理论对于地方政府治理和改革实践,具有三个方面的重要启示:地方政府应当是公共服务的提供者、公共秩序的维护者、公共利益的保障者和公民参与的推动者;应当构建积极的公民资格,培育强烈的公民精神;应当逐步建立和完善公民参与网络,为地方治理的发展奠定坚实的基础。     

周作人、茅盾、鲁迅与早期乡土文学理论的形成

有关乡土文学理论的分歧,根本点不在于对乡土文学这一概念中的"乡土"内涵的不同理解,而在对"乡土文学"这一概念的整体性把握上.中国文学传统中有浓厚的乡土意识,但没有乡土文学的概念和理论.新文学初期,对于美国local colour小说理论如何与中国文论对接与转换,在茅盾与周作人之间初步形成了中国乡土文学发展的两个向度.这两个向度后来被鲁迅整合成相对完整的乡土文学理论,即寓乡土思念、民生关怀和乡土批判于一体的乡土文学观.     

恢复性司法的困境及其超越

恢复性司法是一个最热门却又最不成熟的话题。目前恢复性司法已经成为西方刑事法学界的一大“显学”,在数十个国家的立法和实践中获得采信,并已受到国际社会的广泛关注。但建立在刑事实证学派的目的刑思想、犯罪被害人学理论、犯罪标签理论和相对报应主义刑罚观基础上的恢复性司法,在自身定位、理念、功能甚至制度设计上都存在着诸多的困境与挑战,需要重新梳理和整合,从而探索出超越恢复性司法固有缺陷的改革路径,以适应构建和谐社会之法治精神的理性诉求而不断革新和完善。     

诉讼证明标准在价值论上的趋同

证明标准理论中的“客观真实说”和“法律真实说”是基于相同的辩证唯物主义认识论基础和相同的现实时空 ,所以在操作层面上得出相同的证明标准是必然的。“客观真实说”与“法律真实说”都趋同于英美法系和大陆法系的诉讼证明标准 ,则源于诉讼价值论上的趋同。     

THE PRIVATIZATION OF VIOLENCE*

Norbert Elias's (1939) work on “the civilizing process” highlighted the long‐term decline in violence within Western societies. A substantial amount of more recent anthropological and historical evidence suggests that violence has evolved not just quantitatively but qualitatively as well. In particular, the social characteristics of the parties to violence have changed over time. Drawing on Donald Black's (1976, 1993a) theoretical ideas on conflict management, the present paper proposes that as intimate social ties weakened and the state strengthened, collective and nonintimate forms of (nonpolitical) violence declined significantly. Consequently, violence increasingly became less public, more private. Pockets of residual public violence can, however, still be found within modern state societies. Privatization varies, then, across time and social space.     

Preserving the Identity Crisis: Autonomy,System and Sovereignty in European Law

This article uses Hans Kelsen's theory of a legalsystem to take a fresh look at European Community law,and the relationship between the European Community,its Member States, and international law. It arguesthat the basis of the Community's legal legitimacy isindeterminate, and offers a model to accommodate thatindeterminacy. This model is founded on aconstructivist approach suggested to be particularlyuseful in the EC context. Using this approach, it isargued that the concepts of system, autonomy andsovereignty in the Community can only be understoodthrough the recognition of a plurality of viewpoints,and that it is crucial, in describing the Community,to distinguish between a concept per se and thechoice to adopt that concept.     

Decision Making in Autocratic Regimes: A Poliheuristic Perspective

This paper applies the poliheuristic theory of foreign policy decision making to non-democratic states. Poliheuristic theory asserts that state leaders assign primary importance to their political survival; however, the meaning of "the political" varies dramatically from country to country. Furthermore, the types of actors who hold leaders politically accountable also vary between countries. Consequently, leaders often pursue vastly different means of ensuring their political survival. The author uses the common distinction between single-party, military, and personalist autocracies to show that apparently arbitrary differences in autocratic leaders' political concerns actually vary in systematic and potentially predictable ways. Because this argument is generalized to non-democratic states as a whole, it has important implications for the ways in which democratic states craft their policies toward autocracies.