Does Intimate Partner Violence Epidemiology Differ Between Homes With and Without Children? A Population-Based Study of Annual Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

We sought to determine whether intimate partner violence (IPV) risk factors differed depending upon the presence of children in the home, and to estimate the annual prevalence of IPV first in the general population and then in homes with and without children. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional random sample of 6,836 women in southeastern Pennsylvania interviewed by telephone in 2004. The magnitude of association between IPV and risk factors varied between homes with and without children for women’s alcohol problems (with children, odds ratio (OR) 7.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9, 20.9; without children, OR 2.4; 95% CI 0.9, 6.0), and mental health problems (with children, OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.8, 8.9; without children, OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.6, 5.7). Poverty was significantly associated with IPV only in homes without children (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.9, 7.2). Annual IPV prevalence was 1.2% overall, 1.4% in homes with children, and 1.1% in homes without children. One in 63 children lived in a home with IPV. Differences in IPV risk factors in homes with and without children suggest distinct underlying IPV mechanisms or consequences in these contexts.     

试析吸毒人员回归社会难的多元因素

当前在禁毒工作中 ,吸毒人员回归社会是一大难题 ,也是制约整个禁毒工作的“瓶颈”。吸毒人员回归社会难主要是由于社会原因、家庭原因、吸毒者自身的原因和不良交往等多元因素造成 ,这些因素相互交织影响 ,互为因果 ,致使吸毒人员难于回归社会 ,从而衍生出诸多严重社会问题。     

思想政治教育主体论论纲

思想政治教育是一种关于人的对象性活动,随着现代社会的进步和人的主体意识的空前觉醒,视教育对象为客体的观念已经明显失之偏颇。从现代主体性哲学和主体性教育思想出发构建的思想政治教育主体论则认为,教育者和教育对象都是思想政治教育过程中的主体,二者是以教育资料为共同客体的一种双主体协同发展的关系。     

Risk Factors Associated with the Chronicity of High Potential for Child Abuse and Neglect

The present 4-year follow-up study involves 56 mothers who were evaluated by social agencies as being abusive and neglectful or at high risk for child abuse and neglect. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between psychosocial risk factors (relating to the history and current situation of the mothers) that were present at the time the families were initially recruited and the fact that some of the mothers continue to show a high potential for child abuse and neglect (chronic abuse and neglect), whereas others were able to overcome the problem (transitory abuse and neglect). Results indicate that the following variables are particularly associated with situations involving chronic problems of abuse and neglect: initial level of severity of potential for abuse and neglect; dual-parent status; a large number of children at the time of intervention (3.13 times more risk of chronicity for large families); the fact that as a child the mother herself had been placed in a foster home (3.7 times more risk); that she had been sexually abused (3.5 times more risk); and that as an adolescent she had run away from home (3.02 times more risk). Our results indicate that mothers who have a combination of more than eight risk factors are four times more likely to be in the chronic group.     

作为行政侵权客体的精神权利

精神权利作为行政侵权的客体经历了一个不予承认到给予承认,从最初的采取限定主义原则到后来的非限定主义原则的过程,而且精神损害赔偿范围有不断扩大的趋势。我国的行政侵权制度并未否定精神损害赔偿,只是很不完善。在我国建立行政侵权精神损害的赔偿金制度是必要的,为了切实地保障行政侵权中的精神权利,应当遵循全部赔偿的原则,而且要对赔偿数额进行量化。     

＂攘外必先安内＂政策辨析

＂攘外必先安内＂政策有许多需要再认识之处.它的提出绝不仅仅为了剿共,而有其特定的多重原因;安内的对象不惟中共及其军队,是变化的、多样的;它非蒋介石一人之主张,而是得到国民党和社会一定程度的认同;其反动性应看是否反人民、是否损害国家利益,而不宜以是否反共论.     

浅论合同解释的概念和对象

本文探讨了不同学说对合同解释概念的理解和认识,提出合同解释是法官在尊重当事人合意的前提下,对合同文本、合同行为进行解释,力图使欠缺或者矛盾的合同清晰、完整。进而指出合同解释的对象的不同种类。     

论犯罪对象的遗失与重拾

按照我国刑法犯罪的构成理论,犯罪对象属于选择性构成要件要素,有的犯罪有犯罪对象,有的犯罪没有犯罪对象。哲学原理告诉我们,行为必然有对象,犯罪行为是行为的一种,又怎能没有对象呢?那么犯罪对象遗失在了什么地方,因何遗失了呢?一方面是由于混淆了犯罪对象的定义与性质之间的区别,另一方面是由于部份犯罪中的犯罪客体在功能上与犯罪对象重叠。刑法学上应该区分一般犯罪对象与特殊犯罪对象。一般犯罪对象是所有犯罪都具备的对象,特殊犯罪对象是选择性对象。     

再谈全面认识当代资本主义

当代资本主义是一个多面体,只有把它的方方面面搞清楚,才算是真正认识了当代资本主义。当代资本主义是一个孕育着许多新的社会因素的社会制度;一个既是社会主义批判对象又是社会主义借鉴对象的社会制度。     

论债权人代位诉讼的诉讼标的

我国代位权制度对“入库规则”的放弃,对我国债权人代位诉讼的诉讼标的影响极大,现有的“一 诉讼标的说”和“二诉讼标的说”均难成立,应当采纳新诉讼标的理论和“争点效”理论来解决其诉 讼标的和判决拘束力问题,即债权人代位诉讼的诉讼标的是债权人提出的要求次债务人履行债 务的诉讼请求,而作为基础法律关系的债权人与债务人之间、债务人与次债务人之间的债权债务 关系,则因判决的争点效而具有约束力。