80年代以来美国贸易政策的演变及其启示

20世纪美国政策经历了从保护贸易到自由贸易 ,又从自由贸易到新贸易保护主义的转变过程。 80年代以后 ,在经济条件和政治压力下 ,美国政府选择了“自由且公平”贸易政策 ,其本质是美国从本国利益出发 ,选择最有利于自己的贸易政策。美国的“自由公平”贸易往往使其他国家遭受不公平的歧视 ,发展中国家受到的影响更大。贸易政策是一个国家政府所能够使用的重要战略性工具 ,分析美国贸易政策不仅有利于解决中美贸易摩擦。借鉴美国贸易政策 ,有利于增强我国通过合理的贸易政策保护本国的产业 ,维护国家的贸易利益和经济安全。     

International Relations and Policy Planning: The Method of Perspectivist Scenario Building

Since thoughts about the future cannot help but enter into our planning of policy, the International Relations community should make it an aim to help systematize these thoughts. One way of doing this is by developing a methodology for scenario building. Much extant work on scenario planning shares a key weakness that is well known in traditional socioeconomic planning, namely a tendency to reify current trends. In order to break with this tendency, this article sets out an approach that we call perspectivist scenario building. We also try to illustrate the points made and demonstrate the value added for planners by reflecting on our own experience in participation-oriented scenario work with Norwegian bureaucrats and politicians in the framework of a broad-scoped national scenario project for the Norwegian Government in the period between 1998 and 2001, called Norway 2030.     

The Commission of Historians in Latvia: 1999 to the present

In 1999, the President of Latvia, Guntis Ulmanis, created a Commission of Historians and charged it with investigating the nature and consequences for Latvians and Latvia of the two occupations (the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany) the country experienced during the years of World War Two and afterwards. Special focus was to be direct to the Holocaust and to the multiple forms of repression practiced by the Soviet Communist regime. The Commission consisted of some 13-15 local, regional, and international scholars with specialized knowledge and, in some cases, personal experience, with the double occupation. The findings of the Commission were to be published in the form of a book series, with each volume devoted to a particular topic and containing reports delivered at international conferences or generated by ongoing research. The historical knowledge thus accumulated was to be disseminated widely, in the hope that it would become a basis for further research on this crucial and still-controversial period of Latvian history. A quantitative analysis of the twenty-seven Commission volumes published to date offers a capsule view of the Commission’s research efforts and research strategies, describes the subjects covered so far, and summarizes some of the criticism attracted by the Commission as well as its contributions to the sum total of Latvian history.     

Macro economic model study depending on simple ratios for environmental order plans in regional planning

Preparation of environmental order plans at map scales of 1/100,000 or 1/50,000 becomes compulsory for every province in Turkey after 2006. These plans can also be referred as regional plans or sub regional plans. In regional planning studies including ＂environmental order plans＂, existence and accuracy of numeric data and correct use of these data are vital factors to the success of regional plans. There are two main variables used in regional planning studies. These are Gross Domestic Product （GDP） values and employment values of various sectors. The success of the plans heavily depends on the success of correct determination and projection of these regional economic values. The use of economic data in regional planning studies is the main subject of this article.     

高等职业教育德育创新研究

近几年，我国高等职业教育得到了迅猛发展，院校数量增多，学校规模扩大，办学特点鲜明，高职教育德育工作也面临许多新的情况，德育研究亟待加强，应借鉴国外高职教育德育经验，树立德育新理念、创建德育新模式、建设德育新课程、构建一种德育新机制。     

陕西省广播影视监管中心全面综合建设简论

我国广播影视正处于模拟与数字、传统媒体与新兴媒体并存发展的关键时期,"三网"融合已在积极推进之中。"十二五"期间,我省建设架构合理、配置合理、功能完善、安全可靠的安全播出调度指挥监测网系统,把模拟的、数字的、卫星的、地面的、以及手机电视监测、移动监测、数字电影机监测等监测内容相涵盖,从科学性、功能性、实用性、未来发展等多方面出发,满足全省广播电视监测监管实际工作的需要,实现对广播电影电视及互联网播出技术和播出内容的全面监管是省监测中心面临的紧迫任务。     

The Fallout to the Guide to the Proposed Basin Plan

The political fallout from the release of the Guide to the Proposed Basin Plan in the Murray‐Darling is illustrative of the difficulties associated with reallocating water resources in this context. The response of Minister Burke has been somewhat predictable, with a resurgent interest in public subsidy of irrigation infrastructure evident. This article is used to examine the policy background to the Guide and critically consider further subsidy of irrigation infrastructure. The article concludes that infrastructure investment at the expense of the public purse will fail to deal with the problems at hand and generate a plethora of additional future problems.     

人力资源视角下的高校青年教师职业发展研究

青年教师的职业发展是高校健康发展和增强竞争力的保证。如何良好管理青年教师的职业发展是我国关注的重要问题。通过分析我国高校青年教师职业发展规划管理特点与理念较为落后、机制有待完善的现状和存在的问题,借鉴西方的人力资源管理方法,提出通过完善高校教师发展中心的青年教师职业发展管理机制、建立健全青年教师职业发展的配套措施的解决办法,对促进我国青年教师职业规划良好管理具有重要的现实与理论意义。     

Rethinking cross-border Euregionalism as self-organising system

Studies of cross-border regions in the European Union have struggled conceptually with an apparent ambiguity of Euregionalism: namely that cross-border regions seem to be the manifestations of reterritorialising state governance on the one hand, but have clearly failed to substantially challenge the Westphalian state territorial system on the other. The aim of the present paper is to develop a conceptual framework that helps us understand this paradoxical nature of cross-border regions. To this end, we draw on the systems theory of Niklas Luhmann and the semiotics of Charles Sanders Peirce, and propose to regard Euregionalism (and regionalisms more generally) as a self-organising system. Self-organisation entails the process in which self-referential communication, rather than a set of actors, employs spatial concepts, such as the region, to enable system-specific entanglements with physical space, either short-lived or enduring, and possibly – but not necessarily – involving governance.     

“Because I am who I am and my mother is Scottish”: neoliberal planning and entrepreneurial instincts at Trump International Golf Links Scotland

Focusing on the establishment of the first European Trump Golf development – on the Menie Estate along the Scottish North Sea coast – the paper contends that neoliberal planning, understood as state interventions to allow individual entrepreneurs to realise their visions, reshapes both planning practice and the socio-ecologies governed by planning in problematic ways. Neoliberal mindsets here cause politicians to depart from previously established practices. The paper analyses how governance becomes tied up in questions of entrepreneurial freedom and with beliefs in the capacity of an individual entrepreneur to steer the fate of the region.