论我国环境公益诉讼制度的构建——兼评《环境影响评价公众参与暂行办法》

环境公益诉讼可以分为环境民事公益诉讼、环境行政公益诉讼、环境公诉。环境公益诉讼制度的构建应以《宪法》、《环境保护法》的规定为依据,通过确定诉讼原告、环境公益,对《民事诉讼法》、《行政诉讼法》等作适当修订,并结合一些相关诉讼制度,在实践中逐步进行。《环境影响评价公众参与暂行办法》因缺乏环境公益诉讼制度的规定,将直接影响其立法目的的实现和公众参与的主动性。     

论具有人格利益的财产

The traditional theory of property and tort law generally denies personality interests in property. In recent years, legislative and judicial practices at home and abroad have turned to care for personality interests in property and to protect it. The property with personality interests can be classified into four categories, namely, (a) property with personality symbolism, (b) property with specific human emotion, (c) property originated from specific human body, and (d) intellectual property from specific human wisdom, the first two of which internalize external matters and the last two externalize the inherent self. Comparing with fungible property, the property with personality interests on the basic of facts and law shall be more protected in legislative and judicial practices. Zhou Qiong, Ph.D. of law, studies at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. She also serves as editor of the Private Law Review. Ms Zhou’s research interests focus on civil law in general and tort law in particular. She has released several articles on civil law and science & technology law, and she is also one of the co-authors of Science and Technology Law (Hep, 2006). Moreover, she got the title of Top Ten Academic Achievements from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (2007).     

强化工会四项职能 推动社会和谐发展

在我国改革进入攻坚阶段的新形势下，努力提升工会工作水准，树立和打造工会良好形象，充分发挥其维护、建设，参与和教育的四项职能，对推动我国社会、经济、政治、文化的发展，对加快构建和谐社会的进程有着积极的意义。     

A Case Example of Asphyxia Due to Occupational Exposure to Airborne Chemicals and Review of Workplace Fatalities

Although worker injury and fatalities have decreased since adoption of the Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970, it remains an important safety issue. This article describes a 27‐year‐old white male who died from occupational exposure to airborne chemicals. Several trends in the last several decades, both in the types of injuries and the occupations associated with fatalities, are noted. Additionally, individual risk factors such as age, gender, chronic disease, smoking, and alcohol and drug use are implicated in worker health and safety. The role of the forensic pathologist in the investigation of workplace deaths is highlighted, in addition to the future of occupational safety and current improvements brought about by such incidents.     

海洋发展战略背景下我国海洋刑事立法若干理论问题探讨

区分陆上犯罪与海上犯罪是应对日益增长的海上犯罪、彰显海上犯罪的基本特征和适应海上司法实践发展的需要。由于特殊罪名的适用效果不佳、适用范围有限,一般罪名未能反映海上犯罪的特点,因而它们均不能适应海洋发展战略的需要。现行刑法只适用于我国领域内发生的海上犯罪,而不能适用于领海外国家管辖海域内发生的犯罪。涉海国际公约只规定了海上犯罪的罪名和罪状而没有规定法定刑,对国际法的海上犯罪适用现有一般罪名违反禁止类推原则,也没有体现海上犯罪的特点;不仅适用程序繁琐,而且使结果处于不确定状态,因此,国际法的海上犯罪应转化为国内法的海上犯罪。     

19世纪初至20世纪初新加坡华人的职业结构

本文扼要分析了19世纪初至20世纪初英属殖民地新加坡华人的职业结构。大体而言,华人的职业主要为商、工(工匠和劳工)两大类。新加坡华人的职业和方言群之间存在着一些密切关系:从事商业活动的多为福建人(闽南人);潮州人主要从事甘蜜和胡椒种植业;广府人和客家人以工匠居多;海南人则是雇员。造成这种现象的出现,有其必然原因。     

Patient narrative: an ‘on-switch’ for evaluating best interests

This article examines how the wishes, feelings, values and beliefs of adults lacking capacity can be evaluated and the extent to which they are given effect in best interests decision-making. One way of fulfilling the clinician’s legal responsibilities to take a patient’s preferences into account is to explicitly link these to the notion of narrative. Narratives provide a compelling grounding and give weight to views and values that may have been informally and consistently expressed in the past. An evaluation of recent case law suggests that the trajectory of a person’s life, their character and personality, and the perspectives of those with whom the patient has valued relationships are given increasing judicial recognition. Attending to the narrative of the patient could lead to a more sophisticated judgement of best interests than an objective ‘balance sheet’ approach would allow and enable greater alignment with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.     

How We Feel about the Deal

Recent experimental research suggests that humans are prone to systematic errors when determining how they currently feel, imagining how they will feel about future events, remembering how they have felt about past events, and understanding the preferences that underlie their decisions. In this article, we briefly review three basic assumptions that are called into question by recent findings regarding specific kinds of errors that people are prone to make. We suggest that this line of research has important implications for negotiation theory, research, advice, and practice.     

经济外交与中国—东盟区域合作:内涵、实践与效用

经济外交是中国—东盟自由贸易区建成后中国与东盟共同获取正和经济利益、化解地区内矛盾的一种新途径。本文从中国对东盟经济外交的实践着手,分析其对提升区域合作层次、构建中国和谐周边的作用,并探索性地指出中国在对东盟实施经济外交过程中几个值得关注的问题。     

民法典编纂背景下姓名权与其他“人格权”的区分——兼及我国民法典人格权编的立法建议

姓名权是最早被确立的人格权,与生命、身体、健康、自由等其他“人格权”有着本质区别。姓名权是权利,生命、身体、健康、自由等其他“人格权”本质上仍属于法律上的利益。姓名是人身外之事物,为权利客体;也只有借助“权利”这个技术工具才能建立起其与特定主体之间的勾连。生命等人格利益是人之本身的必要要素,作为权利客体会造成主体与客体的混淆,而且不通过“权利”这个技术工具,也能实现其与特定主体之间的连结,并通过对“人本体的保护”而获得法律救济。姓名权具有自我决定姓名、使用姓名、变更姓名、请求他人以正确方式称呼自己等积极权能,以上积极权能决定了其必须在侵权法保护之外,独立构成一种权利。生命等人格利益并不具有积极权能,仅消极被动地受侵权法之救济,故其没有成立权利的必要。相反,若承认生命、身体、健康、自由等人格利益为权利,反而会为其添加有害的处分权能,从而带来贬损人格尊严的危险。以上反思,亦有益于我国民法典人格权编的立法之完善。