The official art of the Khrushchev Thaw: The Severe Style as an ambassador of the Estonian national school at Baltic art exhibitions in Moscow

In Estonian post-Socialist art history writing, the term ‘national’ has mostly been introduced as a defense mechanism against the Soviet regime. The aim of this article is to indicate that concept ‘national’ also played quite an important role in ‘official’ Soviet cultural politics, especially after Stalin’s death. The processes of cultivating ‘national particularities’ in the arts will be exemplified by the Baltic exhibitions in Moscow in the end of 1950s and 1960s.     

Election through complaint and controversy for political power in Chile, 1874–1925

SUMMARY

This article offers reflections on the power relations between the executive and legislative branches of the Chilean state by examining the way political parties leveraged the electoral system to balance the weight of each branch in the configuration of government. The period from 1874 to 1924 is framed by a cycle of reforms to Chile’s 1833 constitution that were pushed through by liberal sectors to limit the power of the executive under the country’s presidential regime, efforts that contributed to a final breakdown of the presidential regime following civil war in 1891. That year the victorious revolutionary forces implemented a parliamentarian system that remained in place until it was overthrown by a military coup. The literature on this process has studied the use of legislative manoeuvres such as obstruction, accusation and filibuster by political parties to weaken the executive power. Little has been written, however, about the way parties exploited the rules and procedures of the electoral system and, specifically, the use of official complaints and the process known as calificación (qualification) by which congress audited final election results. This article will help fill that void, focusing on understanding how both practices worked and the effects that the election reforms of 1874, 1884 and 1890 had on them.     

高校领导干部职务犯罪:背景、分析与治理——以陕西省普通高校为例

陕西省普通高校领导干部近年职务犯罪基本情况和环境影响的分析表明,高等教育快速扩张为高校领导干部职务犯罪提供了条件和可能,谋取私利的用权动机和监督制约机制缺失的综合作用,造成高校领导干部腐败现象。遏制高校领导干部职务犯罪,应以提升拒腐防变能力为主线,加强廉政教育和文化环境建设,改革体制,创新机制,强化权力监督,完善制约机制,实施廉政风险预警和防控。     

发挥检察职能作用 促进农村两委依法用权

检察机关尤其是农村基层检察机关,必须立足检察职能,以促进农村发展、维护农村稳定、保障农民利益为切入点,着眼于解决影响社会和谐稳定的突出问题和引发矛盾纠纷的源头性问题,切实担负起化解社会矛盾、维护社会和谐的重任,为新农村建设提供有力的司法保障。     

民本主义影响下的中国古代吏治文化特征

民本主义思想萌芽于西周初期,滥觞于春秋战国时期,自秦汉后逐步形成,对我国古代吏治产生了深刻的影响,形成了如下特征：有德者应＂以民为本＂、＂爱民＂、＂亲民＂,重用道德标准选拔、规范、要求、考核官员;注重运用法律手段规范官员行为,形成了依法对官员进行选拔、任用、奖惩、考核等管理制度;较早地建立了从中央到地方对官员实施监督、监控的监察制度和上书制度;很早形成了上诉制、直诉制,注意利用地方上的宗族和长辈力量限制、牵制和监督官员。     

大学生＂考公务员热＂的社会学分析

公务员考试已经成为“中国第一大考”，在这种激烈的竞争中，大学生由于自身条件、就业压力等原因成为报考主力军，这也是大学生从众心理作祟和官本位思想影响的结果，所引发的如社会资源、教育投资的浪费和价值取向错位等社会问题不容忽视。为此，大学生要提高自身素质，追求真才实学，克服盲目从众心理，消除官本位思想的影响，树立正确的择业观，理性地看待“公务员热”。     

同步录音录像工作中存在的问题及对策

检察机关在讯问职务犯罪嫌疑人时实行全程同步录音录像,对于保障犯罪嫌疑人人权、规范检察机关办案、固定办案证据和减少被告人当庭翻供等方面起到了积极作用。由于这是一项新型的检察业务,实际工作中还存在一些问题和不足,文章分析了这些问题产生的原因,并提出了相应的建议及对策。     

比较法视野下的职务犯罪侦查与人权保障

世界各国职务犯罪侦查模式各具特色,但在诉讼构造上仍未打破两大法系界限。在平衡犯罪控制与人权保障过程中,当事人主义侦查模式与职权主义侦查模式相互借鉴,趋向融合。2012年修订的刑事诉讼法从法治国家侦查程序中汲取了合理因素,为我国职务犯罪侦查模式转型指明了方向。     

公车货币化改革的困境与出路——以海南省X县为个案

公务用车所带来的负面影响广受诟病,规范公务用车,节约行政成本,提高公车使用效率,改变公务用车模式成为公共行政实践中亟待解决的问题。公车货币化改革被视为一种有效的模式被大力推广,但因其囿于既定制度与公共权力的非规范性而遭遇了极大的阻力。海南省公车改革试点县——X县公车货币化改革历经8年,从车改成本与收益上来看效果并不明显,同时引发了较大的非公平性矛盾,一定程度上降低了行政效率。鉴于此,以产权理论为依据,在确保公务顺利开展的前提下,公车私有化可能是未来公车改革的一条有效路径。     

大学生“村官”计划的机制缺陷及完善

随着大学生“村官”计划的进一步推进，大学生“村官”计划的机制缺陷日益凸显，建立和完善法律制度保障、培养选任、帮扶教导、社会保障、监督考核奖惩等五个方面的机制，构建起一个完整的大学生村官长效机制体系已成为当前迫切需要解决的问题。