Explaining Young People’s Involvement in Online Piracy: An Empirical Assessment Using the Offending Crime and Justice Survey in England and Wales

Abstract

The Internet has been widely acknowledged as facilitating many forms of youth offending. Existing research has identified important drivers of young people’s involvement in online crime, yet this has overwhelmingly relied on school or college samples. As such, it tells us little about those young people that have left the formal education system—a group who are more likely perpetrators of juvenile crime more generally. Focusing on young people’s involvement in online piracy offenses, our analysis draws on data from a nationally representative survey of England and Wales to better understand the dynamics of involvement in online crime across the population. We assess the potential overlaps between online and offline offending, the role of differential association and deviancy neutralization techniques in shaping offending behavior, as well as the protective effect of strong family support networks in reducing involvement in piracy. We find that illegal downloaders tend to be young, male, and have a higher number of delinquent friends. We also find that many of these offenders do not confine their offending to online spaces, with involvement in offline property offenses also high among this group.     

Conceptualizing the Harms Done to Children Made the Subjects of Sexual Abuse Images Online

The innovation of the Internet and the proliferation of new digital technologies in everyday life have unfortunately created more opportunities for the sexual abuse of children and especially the global distribution of child sexual abuse images online (CSAIO). Most of the current therapeutic interventions being used were designed to treat ‘conventional’ sexual abuse trauma. Victims of CSAIO may experience ongoing trauma because the recordings of their abuse have the potential to be endlessly viewed and shared by those with a sexual interest in children some of whom may be known to them. However, little is known about the potential psychological harm to victims, the extent to which existing trauma treatment modalities are applicable to them, or what modifications of these treatments may be required for effective treatment. This paper explores current ways of understanding the harms done to the victims of CSAIO and presents cautions and recommendations for moving forward.     

加强学科合作服务侦查破案——谈痕迹检验与其他学科综合课题的研究开发

本文针对痕迹检验与其他学科综合课题的研究与开发的可行性进行了论证,并通过具体的课题,对综合课题的形成与产生及基本要求进行了论述,指出了加强学科合作、服务侦查破案的重要性.     

对建立公安民警网络教育训练体系的探讨

有鉴于当前公安民警教育训练缺乏统一规划和针对性、时效性以及严重脱离现实实践的现状,应适应网络教育技术发展的新形势,以公安信息网为依托,建立新型的公安民警网络教育训练体系,有效解决目前教育训练中存在的问题,为建立以“数字化警察”为目标的信息共享和综合利用创造条件。     

互联网约车社会车辆驾驶员的劳动权及其保护

互联网约车近年来在我国蓬勃发展,互联网约车驾驶员是这种新业态经济活动的重要主体。其中社会车辆驾驶员行使劳动权过程中,受困于法律规定的不完善,引发了自主择业权和平等就业权难以实现、休息休假权难以保障、劳动报酬难以取得、职业培训难以开展、职业保障权难以行使的问题。通过强化法律责任、规范法律措施、细化法律规则、严格考核制度、理性引导维权来保护社会车辆驾驶员的劳动权刻不容缓。     

Designing Ethical Online Dispute Resolution Systems: The Rise of the Fourth Party

As the pandemic forces public and private institutions to move online, many court and business leaders are looking to the field of online dispute resolution (ODR) for best practices and lessons learned. Developed over the last twenty years, largely in response to the growth of e‐commerce, the ODR field has generated a deep well of theory and practice while also identifying potential ethical dilemmas and risks. The application of technology, the “fourth party,” plays an increasingly integral role in how we negotiate resolutions to our disputes, with or without a third party. A brief overview of the history of ODR’s development will set the context for the exploration of the range of tools and techniques encompassed by online dispute resolution. Consideration of the ethical challenges raised by ODR practice will illuminate key questions and choices that need to be made in designing ODR systems and in governing their use.     

碎片化网络舆情下主流意识形态话语权探析

意识形态话语权是社会思潮中引导民心、决定社会舆论走向的能力。网络技术的扩展、网络社会的民粹化走向及个别地方意识形态工作的虚化、弱化、仪式化,导致碎片化网络舆情逐渐占据社会舆情场,甚至出现主流意识形态被碎片化网络舆情“牵着走”的混乱局面。泛滥的网络舆情催生“鸡毛蒜皮效应”、“长尾效应”“羊群效应”“晕轮效应”和“尺蠖效应”,加剧了主流意识形态丧失话语权的风险。网络时代建构主流意识形态话语权已迫在眉睫,需要增强意识形态吸引力、提高网络空间治理能力、控制舆情事件并进行专业化处理、加强网络舆情有效预判和政策的合理统筹等。     

Mobilizing Millennial Voters with Targeted Internet Advertisements: A Field Experiment

Internet advertisements have come under tremendous scrutiny recently for their potential to impact electoral outcomes. However, academic research has yet to determine if they have an effect on turnout. This article presents the results of a preregistered field experiment conducted in Dallas, Texas, in partnership with The Dallas Morning News in which individually targeted banner ads were able to generate a statistically significant increase in turnout among Millennial voters in a municipal election. The results show that a combination of information and voting reminder ads was effective, but only for voters in competitive districts. Estimated treatment effects were on par with a telephone mobilization campaign using live callers. These findings contribute to theoretical knowledge about the role of political knowledge and electoral competitiveness in voter mobilization, and offer a new method for testing online advertisements used by political campaigns.     

纪检监察证据与刑事司法证据的衔接机制研究一以新《刑诉法》第52条第二款为视角简

纪检监察机关在查办党政干部违法违纪案件的过程中,往往会发现相关人员涉嫌犯罪的事实,由此形成的纪检监察证据便成为了刑事司法证据的重要来源.基于法理依据和司法实践的需要,纪检监察证据有必要通过一定的规则衔接转化为刑事司法证据保障刑事诉讼的顺利进行,与此同时还应完善相关的配套机制,以求实现惩罚犯罪与保障人权的有机统一.     

关于网络购物纠纷解决的调查与思考

随着网络购物的兴起,网络购物纠纷也日益增多,而且网络购物纠纷解决起来往往困难重重。因此,只有加强道德建设和法制教育,营造一个有利于纠纷解决的道德和法制环境,构建完善的多元化网络购物纠纷解决机制,才能更好地解决网络购物纠纷,促进我国经济的进一步发展。