论经济法调制主体及其工作人员的责任追究模式与分担方式

对经济法调制主体及其工作人员进行责任追究时,应以其违反了法定的调制程序而不是行为造成了实体损害为前提。调制主体本身不应当对其工作人员实施的普通违法调制行为承担责任,但基于实际需要,应代位承担赔偿责任,这种赔偿责任应纳入传统的国家赔偿责任。     

运用市场机制配置资源是从源头上防治腐败的有效途径

通过改革和制度创新,可以最大限度地将行政机关可自由支配的权力加以约束,从而消除腐败产生的客观基础,减少腐败机会。具体而言,对于可以由市场自行调节的领域,政府应主动退出,把官员掌握的分配稀缺资源的权力降到最低限度,要最大限度地对行使这种权力的随意性加以削减。     

试析诉讼时效的证明责任

诉讼时效关系着诉讼的胜败,意义十分重大.在我国,存在诉讼时效证明责任分配不明确的问题,使诉讼时效的立法目的无法实现,有时甚至适得其反.因此,随着我国民事审判制度改革的深入,在证明责任分配上确立诉讼时效审查时的法官不自动援引原则的基础上,由原告承担诉讼时效未完成的证明责任,被告承担诉讼时效完成的证明责任,这样,既符合诉讼时效的立法目的,又有利于我国司法公正.     

规范分配秩序构建和谐社会

收入公平是整个社会公平的根本内容,也是构建和谐社会的基石。我国当前收入差距悬殊的问题在城乡、地区、行业、社会群体之间及其内部普遍存在;收入不公对构建和谐社会会产生不利影响,容易诱发社会的不稳定因素;当前需要完善收入分配制度、规范收入分配秩序、落实收入公平分配措施,以此促进社会的和谐发展。     

论民事诉讼简易程序的法理基础

民事诉讼简易程序作为迅速、廉价地解决民事简单案件的诉讼程序 ,得到越来越广泛的肯定和适用。设立民事诉讼简易程序 ,并非仅仅是为了提高法院的办案速度而采取的权宜之计 ,而是基于公民获得司法救济权、诉讼费用相当、司法资源的合理配置以及适时审判等诉讼法理的必然要求     

浅析现阶段西部民族地区经济发展中的问题及对策

现阶段西部民族地区经济发展出现了许多问题和难题,但归纳起来不外乎"人"和"财"的问题,所以,扫除西部民族地区经济发展的阻力和障碍,必须解决好人的思想、人的知识结构和人的素质问题;解决好资金的调配、筹措及引资等问题.处理好了这两个大问题,西部民族地区经济的发展便有了"软"、"硬"件的保障和基础.     

Incorporating Equity into International Water Agreements

River basins have provided resources for the advancement of human civilization from the earliest historic times. With river basin development has also come conflict, particularly in the past century. In response, the international community has developed generalized, global principles for the equitable allocation of water resources between nation-states, most notably through the 1997 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses. These principles, however, have rarely been explicitly put into practice. To resolve or avert conflict in the world's 261 international river basins, riparian nations have instead relied upon treaties that incorporate basin-specific needs and conditions and define equity at the most local level. An examination of the progression of geographic thought on river basin development reveals a spatial focus that has not evolved beyond the basin and landscape scales. The absence of theoretical underpinnings for global frameworks may explain why riparian nations have not widely adopted general principles for the equitable allocation of water resources in actual treaty practice.     

Jurisdiction size and local government effectiveness: Assessing the effects of municipal amalgamations on performance

The optimal jurisdiction size has been debated since Plato and Aristotle. A large literature has studied economic and democratic scale effects, but we have almost no knowledge of the effects of jurisdiction size on the effectiveness of local services. This is due to two methodological problems. First, selection bias and reverse causality often render change in jurisdiction size an endogenous variable. Second, there is a lack of empirical indicators of effectiveness, and most studies therefore focus on spending measures. Extant research thus studies economies of scale, leaving effectiveness of scale unexamined. We address both problems in a quasi-experimental study of public schools. Our findings from the school area indicate that jurisdiction size does not have systematic effects on effectiveness. Our analysis therefore supports recent studies of economic and democratic scale effects that indicate that the search for the optimal jurisdiction size is futile.     

论现场勘查人力资源的优化配置

刑事案件现场勘查是侦查破案的首要环节,是一项时间紧、任务重、头绪繁多,专业性强的侦查活动。如何正确有效地利用现场勘查资源,则是快速、高效地进行现场勘查的一个重要保证。本文从现场勘查资源的涵义入手,着重论述人力资源分配方面存在的问题,进而对完善我国现场勘查人力资源的优化配置提出建议。     

The distribution of individual cabinet positions in coalition governments: A sequential approach

Multiparty government in parliamentary democracies entails bargaining over the payoffs of government participation, in particular the allocation of cabinet positions. While most of the literature deals with the numerical distribution of cabinet seats among government parties, this article explores the distribution of individual portfolios. It argues that coalition negotiations are sequential choice processes that begin with the allocation of those portfolios most important to the bargaining parties. This induces conditionality in the bargaining process as choices of individual cabinet positions are not independent of each other. Linking this sequential logic with party preferences for individual cabinet positions, the authors of the article study the allocation of individual portfolios for 146 coalition governments in Western and Central Eastern Europe. The results suggest that a sequential logic in the bargaining process results in better predictions than assuming mutual independence in the distribution of individual portfolios.