中国地方政府公共服务合同外包的发展现状——基于二手数据的分析

近年来,合同外包日益成为地方政府提供公共服务的重要机制。本文基于二手数据,在对地方政府公共服务合同外包发展状况(2000~2009)的概括性分析中发现,2000年以来,地方政府公共服务合同外包发展迅猛,其应用的广泛性和深入性均前所未有,并且逐步迈入法制化轨道。由于影响合同外包成效的因素相当复杂,政府显然缺乏相关操作经验,无论是在合同外包的决策当中还是在实施当中,"审慎"是最明智的策略。     

Contract Management from the Perspectives of Bureaucrats and Contractors: A Case Study of Hong Kong

New Public Management (NPM) encourages private sector participation in the provision and delivery of public services through outsourcing. Bureaucrats and contractors assess the values, processes, and outcomes of contract management differently. This study adopts transaction cost economics (TCE), the resource-based view (RBV), and the principal–agent theory to analyze Hong Kong bureaucrats’ and contractors’ views on contract management. It finds that both groups are critical of the existing contract management system in Hong Kong. The study shows that the government’s neglect of the risks is causing transaction costs because it lacks a proper monitoring mechanism, two-way communication channels, and appropriate training, and because of contract complications and issues of accountability. There is insufficient proof to assert that the government purposefully conceals these risks, but they are not properly addressed.     

论惩罚性赔偿在服务外包商业秘密保护中的适用

在服务外包中，发包方普遍认为商业秘密比其它知识产权形态更为重要。商业秘密的经济价值根源，决定了禁令制度在商业秘密保护中具有不可替代的重要地位。我国修改后的专利法、著作权法、商标法虽然都设立了损害赔偿制度，但司法实务部门在临时禁令能否适用于服务外包商业秘密保护这一问题上认识不一。因此，构建我国服务外包商业秘密保护惩罚性赔偿制度是发展服务外包产业的重要保障。     

跨国外包的劳动经济学解释：工资、劳动效率和劳动力结构的分析视角

微观企业的外包决策取决于成本比较和价格博弈,而一个国家跨国外包的实施则与工资水平、社会劳动效率和劳动力结构密切相关,这些因素直接影响着跨国外包的岗位选择、业务规模、接包国选择等。研究显示：跨国外包实际上是国家间劳动力资源优化配置的一种专业化分工方式,其本质上源于国家间资源要素的自由流动障碍,是一国短期弥补劳动力供求矛盾的现实最优选择,与劳动力流动作为调节劳动力资源配置的两种不同方式互为补充,共同起到促进全球劳动力资源配置均衡的作用,有利于扩大社会生产、增加社会财富。此外,岗位性质、业务量、技术水平、国家政治制度设计等都会对跨国外包的实施产生重要影响。     

高校图书馆业务外包及分编工作的质量控制

高等教育的发展促进了高校图书馆事业的高速发展，导致了图书馆馆配服务商之间的激烈竞争，这给图书馆提供了大量业务的外包选择。图书馆业务外包较传统的图书馆业务工作而言是一种进步，同时也带来了图书加工业务尤其是图书分编工作的质量控制问题。我们必须采取措施，保证业务外包过程中图书分编的质量。     

FDI的技术溢出效应与异质劳动收入差距评析

FDI通过竞争示范、产业联系以及人力资本流动三种溢出机制对收入差距产生影响。外购（outsourcing）可能导致母国收入不平等的增加以及东道国收入差距的缩小的结论有待商榷。不同国家,不同时期内,FDI对收入变化的影响作用均有所差别。     

Parameters in a Successful Process Outsourcing Project: A Case From the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Finland

The purpose of this article is to analyze the success factors of a critical business process outsourcing project (visa issuing) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) in Finland. This has been done by mapping the success factors on the organizational “Star Model” of Galbraith (2002 Galbraith, J. 2002. Organizing to deliver solutions. Organizational Dynamics, 32(2): 194–207. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). The reasons for success include strong employee participation, good communication, and, in particular, the commitment of the organization in St. Petersburg.     

Global governance of training standards in an outsourced labor force: The training double bind in seafarer license and certification assessments

The shipping industry is among the most globalized of all industries and is characterized by complex modular supply chains, including a largely outsourced labor force of “just‐in‐time” casualized workers from developing countries and the transitional East European states. Despite long‐standing efforts by international bodies to standardize and regulate the education and training of seafarers, variations in practices and standards persist. Employers exercise contradictory influences on education and training providers, on the one hand demanding the urgent provision of more recruits (encouraging corner‐cutting), and on the other complaining about the poor quality of recruits received (urging crackdowns on poor quality providers and more rigorous examinations) – the training double bind. This paper reflects on these issues through the study of the problematic use of computerized assessments in seafarer examinations, drawing upon findings from a study involving research in six different case study countries providing maritime labor and interviews with stakeholders.