公法权利的实践——结社现象的法学意义

我国公法权利实践之所以可能,主要是与公法本身的发展分不开的,私法权利实践也起到了积极的推进作用,而思想观念的变化、普法教育的开展以及法律体系的完善和法治原则深入人心,都从不同角度、不同层次为我国公法权利实践提供着可能性。从公民结社权的实践来看,我国公法权利实践的最重要特点是,它是依附于行政权力的权利,是需要行政权力提供保护的权利。约束行政权力,改变依附于权力的现状,并使之成为真正具有法律意义的权利,是我国公法权利实践未来发展的大致方向。     

行业协会的几个基本问题

行业协会的兴起与发展在我国已成必然趋势;而对行业协会的理论研究则相对不成熟.厘清有关行业协会的一些基础性问题是我们进行下一步研究的前提.行业协会的基础性问题主要包括行业协会的概念、特征以及分类等.     

论结社权的保护与我国社团立法的建构

我国的社团立法体系理论研究起步晚,深度不够,我国社会团体立法体系存在着很多不足.其中"双层管理体制"严重的限制了公民的结社权.自由结社权是社会团体合法性最直接的理论来源,各国宪法大都将结社权写入宪法,我国也在《宪法》第36条明确规定,结社自由是公民的基本权利.但是,我们也应该看到,虽然结社权已经事业向宪法权利,但是,无论是立法机关、行政部门,还是我国的社会群众,依然对结社权没有重视.文章对结社权作较深层次探讨,期望在"保护人权"写入宪法后,引起大家对结社权的重视.     

垂直搜索在网络反恐信息分析系统中的应用研究

当前网络反恐形势严峻，网络反恐信息分析系统的建设和应用就显得特别重要。研究其中的垂直搜索、语义结构模板的定制、再搜索优化、关联排序优化等技术，可以更好地从海量网络信息中挖掘出反恐线索，更全面掌握网络舆情动态，利于舆情监测和预警。     

Delinquent networks in Sweden

This study covers all persons under the age of 20 who were suspected of having committed a crime in the Swedish city of Borlänge (approx. 50,000 inhabitants) during the years of 1975–1977. The juveniles (575 in all) were followed up during a total of 10 years. A sociometric method based on police data was developed for studying co-offending patterns. The method was validated through a smaller number of interviews with the juveniles. This study shows that a large majority of the most delinquency active juveniles was associated with a large network of delinquent relations. The stronger the connection to this network, the more substantial, serious, and long-lasting were the delinquency and other asociality. This network also seemed to be very important with regard to the reproduction of juvenile delinquency in the municipality. At the end of the follow-up period juvenile delinquency in Borlänge had basically the same character as at the beginning, even though the juveniles included in the network were, to a large extent, new. The young offenders who were central figures in the new network had successively learned their roles from the network's old members.This paper is based on results published initially in a report entitledDelinquent Networks (Sarnecki, 1986).     

The effects of base rate and cutoff point choice on commonly used measures of association and accuracy in recidivism research

Several measures of association and accuracy commonly used in the recidivism literature are examined for their sensitivity to variations in the proportion observed to recidivate (the base rate) and in the proportion selected for classification as recidivists (selection ratio). Logistic regression models are employed on a sample of 11,749 convicted offenders to generate predicted probabilities of four recidivism criteria varying in base rates from 0.06 to 0.48. Cutoff point selections from 0.1 to 0.9 show the effects of cutoff point changes on the following commonly used measures of association and accuracy: RIOC (relative improvement over chance), MCR (mean cost rating), Φ, γ, PRE (proportion reduction in error), and percentage correct. While all these statistics vary across base rate and cutoff points, some vary more than others: RIOC varies across cutoff points more than MCR, MCR more than Φ, and Φ more than γ. Researchers comparing such statistics across studies need be wary of the dangers of ignoring such variation.     

基于行业组织的行业管理的实证研究

行业组织通过影响政府行为来实现和维护会员企业乃至整个行业的共同利益;行业组织通过服务于企业,客观地起到了协助政府贯彻实施经济发展方针和行业政策、产业政策的协调监管作用.本文在调研的基础上分析了我国行业组织的发展状况,对我国行业组织促进行业发展、企业成长的积极作用进行了总结与概括,指出行业组织是行业利益的代言人,行业组织是行业经济运行的协调监管者和督战者.     

构建和谐社会的劳动价值分析

和谐社会建设的关键在于经济关系和谐,而经济关系和谐的关键在于利益分配问题的合理解决,马克思主义劳动价值论则是解决利益分配问题的理论指导。文章立足于马克思主义劳动价值论,对当前我国经济实践中出现的利益群体——生产劳动者、要素所有者、非生产劳动者的利益分配问题进行了分析,指出劳动价值论是构建和谐的社会生产关系不可替代的理论武器,为构建和谐社会提供了经济学的理论支持。     

论农民专业合作社的财产权

农民专业合作社在我国农村有着蓬勃的发展态势。农民专业合作社作为法人应当具有法人财产权。此处的财产权是一个权利的集合,包括了物权、债权、知识产权和财产性利益等内容。但是有一些财产权,则因农民专业合作社权利能力的限制不能被其享有。     

Reconsidering strain theory: Operationalization,rival theories,and adult criminality

Recently a revisionist view of strain theory's empirical adequacy has emerged which holds that the theory's explanatory power depends on how it is operationalized. With an adult community sample, we empirically assess three separate measures of strain to explain self-reported crime: the gap between aspirations and expectations, blocked opportunities, and relative deprivation. The findings reveal that the aspirations-expectations measure is not related to criminal involvement, while perceived blocked opportunities and feelings of relative deprivation significantly affect adult offending. These relationships, however, fail to persist after measures from competing theories (i.e., low self-control, differential association, and social bond) are introduced as controls in the regression equations. Thus, measures from rival theories offer a more fruitful approach to explaining self-reported adult offending.A version of this paper was presented at the 1993 American Society of Criminology meetings, Phoenix, Arizona.