新时期农会:制度回归抑或重建

党的十六大报告提出了农民组织化问题,使本来已经倍受关注的农会重建问题更加升温.农民协会要成为真正意义上的农民组织,一定要坚持自主性、自愿性和自发性原则.农会的建设首先应遵循自下而上、先点后面的组建原则;其次,国家应该给予以法律方面的保障与规范.为了防止走偏我们要先试点后推广,特别是农会建立之初要以法律的制度化开始,否则,不仅保护不了公民的基本权利,还可能会引起社会的波动.     

中国私营企业主阶层"原生代"与"新生代"之比较

中国经济的快速发展与中国私营企业主阶层的脱颖而出有着直接的联系,通过对这一阶层“原生代”与“新生代”差异的比较研究,对统一战线及中国经济的影响有着至关重要的作用。     

马克思对社会交往类型的研究

马克思是社会交往理论的创立者,他对人类社会交往的类型即内部交往、外部交往和世界交往作了广泛研究。内部交往是民族或国家内部的交往,外部交往是民族或国家间的交往,世界交往则是东西方各民族和国家之间的普遍交往。     

公司章程两分法论——公司章程自治与他治理念的融合

公司章程作为规范公司对外经营活动及公司内部治理活动的重要文件,在大陆法系国家一般表现为一个统一的法律文件。但在英美法系国家却大多由章程大纲和章程细则两份文件组成,分别用于调整公司的外部事务和内部事务。公司章程两分法对进一步融合公司自治与他治有着十分重要的意义。     

业主委员会法律地位初探

长期以来,我国物业管理活动中一直存在着业主委员会法律地位不明、职责不清、运作不规范等问题,这种状况已严重制约了我国物业管理朝着更高水平发展。因此,如何使业主委员会走出这种法律困境,更好地发挥其在业主自治中的应有作用,成为我们必须共同面对并加以解决的一个课题。文章围绕业主委员会的法律地位这一亟待解决的问题进行阐述,以期完善我国物业立法,使业主委员会的运作走上正轨。     

Friends,Cognition, and Delinquency: Proactive and Reactive Criminal Thinking as Mediators of the Peer Influence and Peer Selection Effects among Male Delinquents

The purpose of this study was to determine whether criminal thinking underpins peer influence and selection. It was predicted that proactive criminal thinking would mediate the peer influence effect (peers?→?offending) and reactive criminal thinking would mediate the peer selection effect (offending?→?peers). Participants were 1,170 male delinquent youth from the Pathways to Desistance study. The Moral Disengagement scale (proactive criminal thinking) and Peer Delinquent Behavior scale (peer delinquency) were cross-lagged to predict criminal offending, and the Weinberger Impulse Control scale (reactive criminal thinking) and criminal offending were cross-lagged to predict peer delinquency. Consistent with predictions, proactive but not reactive criminal thinking successfully mediated the peer?→?offending relationship and reactive but not proactive criminal thinking successfully mediated the offending?→?peer relationship. Whereas delinquent peer associations appear to promote proactive criminal thinking and peer influence, early criminal offending appears to promote reactive criminal thinking and peer selection.     

业主委员会制度完善探析

业主委员会的性质和地位,是《物权法》颁布前后一直不明确的问题。应当尽快通过制定配套法律法规、实施细则和司法解释等途径来解决这一物业管理过程中的核心问题。立法上应当借鉴外国立法经验,确认符合条件的业主团体的法人资格,细化业主委员会相关制度,加强政府有关部门对业主委员会工作的指导和协助,进一步理顺业主与业主大会和业主委员会的关系,以此解决我国《物权法》实施过程中在业主委员会制度方面可能出现的新问题。     

对高校公益型学生社团建设的思考

除了政府和企业外,社会还需要公益型社团发挥“润滑剂”作用。志愿者以某种方式帮助别人而不领取报酬,这是和谐社会下和谐的人际关系的体现。让更多的公益活动融入学生社团中,组成公益型学生社团,育人效果良好。通过“五制并举”——理念指导机制、制度管理机制、开拓资源机制、激励机制和宣传机制——构建高校学生社团公益活动长效机制。     

Types of organised crime in Italy. The multifaceted spectrum of Italian criminal associations and their different attitudes in the financial crisis and in the use of Internet technologies

This paper discusses the opportunity to differentiate four different criminological types of organised crime in Italy by drawing on a subset of case studies and interviews to law enforcement officers and experts collected for two on-going research projects. We hypothesise that, since these types exploit different social opportunity structures for their criminal activities, they have different capacities of adaptation and react differently when confronted with different kinds of innovations and changes. We test these four types against two significant phenomena that have been deeply impacting Italian society, among others, recently: the commercialization of the Internet and the economic and financial crisis that has hit Europe since late 2008. We conclude that these types offer a valid help to guide our understanding of what organised crime is today in Italy, as well as to assess the capacity of the existing legal framework to properly face all them. These criminological types could also serve as lenses to filter the different experiences of organised crime in other European countries, thus facilitating comparative research.     

股东出资义务的请求权主体研究——兼评《民法典》合伙合同、利他合同条款

确定股东出资义务的请求权主体存在请求权基础、公司法自创规则两条路径。前者有奠基性意义,在该路径下,应厘清出资义务的约定基础、法定基础,注重债法与公司法并用的系统思维。本源性的出资义务是约定的,表现为股东协议、公司章程,其区别于法定产生的出资义务衍生体。股东协议是组织性合同,依《中华人民共和国民法典》合伙合同、利他合同条款,出资义务请求权人应包括公司、其他股东,但公司法特殊价值会对出资义务抗辩权等产生抑制作用。章程性质依内容不同具有可分性,其出资条款应界定为组织性合同,请求权主体也包括公司、其他股东。其他股东对出资义务请求有独立利益,组织法不应排除其出资义务请求权。债权人取得出资义务请求权是法定的,须符合法定构成要件。公司法修订时,应明确公司、其他股东的出资义务请求权源于股东协议、公司章程。