The cost of belonging: exploring class and citizenship in Soweto's water war

More than a decade since the dawn of democracy, South Africa remains one of the most unequal societies in the world. Civil and political citizenship may have – rhetorically at least – reduced the stark racial inequality in the relationship between citizen and state evident under apartheid. Some authors suggest a positive correlation between social citizenship and social equality. However, in post-apartheid South Africa, deep socio-economic inequalities continue to mar the democratic content of society. Although rights to welfare and social services are nominally in place and are enshrined in the constitution, scores of poor, black South Africans are unable to claim social citizenship, precisely as a result of their class position. Using, as a lens, community struggles in Soweto against the commodification of water, this article seeks to explore the relationship between citizenship and class. It does this by addressing the relationship between the state and its citizens within the context of service delivery, paying particular attention to the impact of prepaid water meters and to the strategies that were employed by community movements in Soweto's ‘water war’. The key argument is that under the system of capitalism, class inequality will persist regardless of the extent of citizenship.     

Transportation of Korean Slave Laborers During World War II: Kanfu Ferries

Japan was more dependent upon ocean shipping than any other major power during World War II, and the sea route had been the only means of transportation between Korea and Japan. The connecting steamers contributed to Japan’s wartime economy by transporting not only raw materials, but also forced laborers and sex slaves between Korea and Japan. More importantly, these connecting steamers were linked to railroads and land routes in Korea and were connected to various systems of transportation, including merchant ships and regular liners outside Japan. In this paper, we examine how Korean laborers and sex slaves were mobilized and transported from Korea to Japan during World War II by focusing on the interdependent relations between railroad-connecting ships and a travel agency.

社会主要矛盾的转化规律与实践要求研究

党和国家在特定历史阶段的工作重心和中心任务是由社会主要矛盾决定的,因此必须研究、适应社会主要矛盾的新变化。新时代社会主要矛盾的转化是生产力和生产关系、供给侧和需求侧矛盾运动的结果,反映了新时代我国生产力的发展变化及生产关系的历史演变,反映了供给与需求结构的内在矛盾。为适应社会主要矛盾的转化、把握其转化规律,必须将发展作为适应社会主要矛盾变化的根本原则,坚持以人民为中心的根本政治立场,坚持贯彻新发展理念的根本途径,坚持供给侧结构性改革的必然要求。     

法治财政建设中党规与国法的功能适配

在党领导一切和依宪治国相统一的背景下,规范化、法治化的党政关系是时代发展的必然.从财政法治建设的视角检视,尽管党的政治领导已经有较为成熟模式,但在具体事务上的党政分工并不清晰.基于我国政治现实,党务财政已经成为财政体系的组成部分.但执政党的自身政治定位决定了,其对财政事务的领导适宜规划、引导和督促,而非直接介入具体事务...     

党的先进性与工人阶级的先进性

党的先进性建设是马克思主义政党的根本性建设。在争取工人阶级和广大劳动群众彻底解放的伟大斗争中,工人阶级的先进性不断发展,它孕育、凝集、提炼、升华为工人阶级政党的先进性,奠定了工人阶级政党先进性的坚实基础。中国共产党从成立之日起,就把自己定为中国工人阶级的政党,以工人阶级的先进性作为保持和发展党的先进性的牢固基础,始终坚持全心全意依靠工人阶级的方针。     

办好党校期刊的若干思考

党校期刊是学习、研究、宣传马克思主义的重要思想理论阵地,在理论创新、繁荣发展哲学社会科学、促进社会主义先进文化建设等方面,肩负着神圣职责和光荣使命。要办好党校期刊,必须要明确党校期刊的性质和任务,牢牢把握办刊宗旨,明确党校期刊的主攻方向;办好党校期刊,还要有一支党性修养强,政治理论素质、业务素质高的编辑队伍。     

格式条款利用之我见

在格式合同中,经常出现霸王条款.这需要我们进一步深刻理解格式条款的含义、特点.格式合同的制定者应本着公平的原则,采取合理的方式来制定格式条款.为了使格式合同双方当事人权利、义务平等,达到公平、公正的目的,应建立健全有效的制约机制,从立法、司法、行政监督和管理等方面进行规制.通过格式合同的相对人以及全社会进行监督.遇到不公平的格式条款时,通过法律手段予以解决,维护法律尊严,维护社会正常的交易秩序.     

论股份种类的设置

股权分置涉及股份种类的设置法律问题,相应改革应落实到不同股份种类法律制度上来.简单地将股权分置改革作为非流通股如何取得流通权的做法,并不能解决我国证券市场存在的根本问题,即公司治理结构的完善.以不同股份种类的设置推动股权分置改革,可以因应不同投资者、公司甚至国家的需要,实现公司资源的合理分配.     

抓住西部大开发机遇 实现四川跨越式发展

西部大开发是四川加快发展的千载难逢的历史机遇。认清四川加快发展的目标,原则、重点及主要措施,对推动农村经济改革与发展具有重要意义。     

The necessity of the implementation of Privacy by Design in sectors where data protection concerns arise

This article examines the extent to which Privacy by Design can safeguard privacy and personal data within a rapidly evolving society. This paper will first briefly explain the theoretical concept and the general principles of Privacy by Design, as laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation. Then, by indicating specific examples of the implementation of the Privacy by Design approach, it will be demonstrated why the implementation of Privacy by Design is a necessity in a number of sectors where specific data protection concerns arise (biometrics, e-health and video-surveillance) and how it can be implemented.