Restoration of engraved marks on steel surfaces by etching technique

It is known that restoration of erased engraved identification marks on the engine and the chassis of a car or on a firearm has low success rate. Unlike stamping, engraving on a metal surface leaves no pronounced, permanent subsurface deformation in the crystalline structure, also called dislocation that can be revealed by suitable methods. Hence, the current research work investigated whether metallographic reagents used in the restoration of stamp (compression) marks could be applied to recover engraved marks on steel surfaces and also to establish the sensitivity and effectiveness of some of these reagents for the restoration of the marks. Experiments were conducted by mechanically engraving alphanumeric characters on several steel plates using a computer controlled engraving machine called Gravograph. The markings were later erased from the above steel plates by removing the metal in stages of 0.01 mm through 0.04 mm below the bottom of the engraving. Several plates were thus prepared wherein each one had been abraded to a specific depth. Then eight metallographic reagents were tested on each one of the above erased plates using a swabbing technique. The results had shown that while most of the reagents were able to restore marks up to certain levels of erasure, the reagent 5 g copper sulphate, 60 ml water, 30 ml concentrated ammonium hydroxide and 60 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid restored marks erased to a depth of 0.04 mm below the engraving depth, thus presenting itself the most sensitive reagent. Quite significantly, the above reagent was also able to decipher successfully the original engraved marks that had been erased and engraved with a new number, or obliterated by centre punching. The results of this research work should benefit the forensic practitioners engaged in the serial number recovery on vehicles, firearms and other objects.     

Should I stay or should I go?

Legal context: The European Patent Convention inherently allows parallel revocationproceedings to take place in the EPO and the domestic patentcourts. As a result, parties to UK patent proceedings frequentlyapply for a stay pending the outcome of proceedings in the EPO.There is commonly assumed to be a presumption in favour of thisstay, so long as it does not amount to an injustice. Key points: This article reviews the UK case law that has followed the Courtof Appeal decision in Kimberly-Clark, to see if this presumptionin favour of a stay is sustained. These cases show that, whendeciding whether to order a stay, judges perform a balancingexercise of a number of considerations. In practice it appearsthat these considerations easily topple the presumption. Practical significance: By providing a comparison of the considerations put before thecourts in the past, this article seeks to aid practitionersin judging those factors likely to affect the success of a stayapplication. It also highlights the lack of authority at appellatelevel on whether it is lawful for patent courts not to ordera stay.     

区分撬压痕迹与打击痕迹之方法

撬压痕迹与打击痕迹的作用力形式不同，分别是杠杆作用和碰撞作用。撬压痕迹的特点是一次动作形成两处痕迹，打击痕迹的特点是一次动作形成一处痕迹。拆离撬压和扩缝撬压形成的凹陷状痕迹与打击痕迹有相似之处，撬压痕迹与打击痕迹可以从痕迹的形态、数量、深度及位置等四个方面加以区别。     

法律视角中的山寨现象

山寨现象,主要包括仿造名牌的手机等产品、模仿明星去做广告、模仿他人文艺作品和模仿水立方等知名建筑等.山寨手机采用了MTK芯片,绕过了被诺基亚等大型企业所掌握的手机的基础专利,并未侵犯被模仿厂商的发明、实用新型等两类专利权,但山寨手机侵犯被模仿厂商的外观设计专利权;山寨手机又因具有与品牌手机"相似的标识"而涉嫌不正当竞争、侵犯商标权.山寨明星的广告,因侵犯了明星的商品化形象权等而违法.部分山寨文艺、山寨建筑,侵犯了著作权.     

New Order of Network Governance

正THE year 2014 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first connection with the Internet.More importantly,it heralds the start of the country’s transformation into an Internet power.Collision and fusion of forces among various parties has comprehensively awakened the national Internet consciousness.     

商业方法专利的扩展——交易性分析与技术科学的融合

商业方法的可专利性对大公司和小公司都有重大的影响,特别是中型公司。具有有效的知识产权诉讼预算的大公司有胆量去威吓小公司,这使得它们不敢使用商业方法进行竞争,并且这将增强大公司提出商业方法专利使用费的机会。处于高科技外缘的小公司没有为商业方法资产管理和侵权风险管理的费用和意外做好准备。州街道案已放松了一些条件,其告诉人们大多数商业公司将"生活在一个有利的时代"。     

修理、更换、回收利用是否构成专利权侵害

对专利产品进行修理、零部件更换或者回收利用是否构成专利权侵害，必须以专利权利要求保护的范围作为最基本的判断标准；即使对专利产品进行修理、零部件更换或者回收利用构成再造，也并不必然侵害专利权；在处理对专利产品进行修理、零部件更换或者回收利用是否专利权侵害的问题时，关键是处理好以生产经营为目的提供零部件的行为是否构成专利权间接侵害。     

几类常见钥匙被增配使用后在母匙上形成痕迹的检验方法

目的研究几类常见钥匙增配痕迹特征分布。方法用光学显微镜观察钥匙的增配痕迹。结果几类钥匙的增配痕迹能够观察到。结论通过检验不同种类钥匙上的痕迹特征可以确定是否为增配使用痕迹。     

知识产权战略与商业生态系统

全球竞争格局正在发生巨大的变化,商业生态系统的竞争已经逐步取代传统经济规模的竞争,成为国与国之间、商业组织之间进行较量的战略重心。商业生态系统的实力很大程度上代表了跨国企业及其背后国家的软实力,商业生态系统如果搭载前瞻的知识产权战略导航,则既可通过专利和标准实现商业生态系统的行业垄断,又可通过开放共享的知识产权战略推动商业生态系统的创新和进化。为了匹配商业生态系统,传统知识产权战略的调整和转移便显得日益紧迫。