犯罪心理测试人员素质要求分析

犯罪心理测试作为＂人机结合＂特点明显的一项技术,其主体必须是经过专门技术培训,熟练掌握专业理论知识和基本技能,具备心理学、生理学、刑事侦查、物证技术、法律等相关知识背景,具有良好的职业道德、个性品质和举止衣着等素质的犯罪心理测试技术人员,测试人员的专业化是该技术发展的必然要求。     

中国汉族人mtDNA控制区异质性遗传规律

目的探讨中国汉族人mtDNA控制区异质性分布情况和遗传规律。方法将人mtDNA控制区扩增成6个部分互相重叠的片段,利用已建立的DHPLC技术分析其异质性规律。结果对150例汉族无关个体的多种组织检测,发现异质性个体的发生率达34%(51/150);个体的组织mtDNA异质性检出率最高为脑(50/150)、心肌(48/150)、最低为骨骼(22/150);本组共发现mtDNA控制区异质性位点有36个;同一个体可有多个异质性位点,最多的不超过3个;未发现异质性发生率有性别差异;超过41岁的高年龄组的异质性发生率(27/59)高于低年龄组(24/91);同一个体在2年前后取的血样,异质性检测结果一致;同一母系不同成员的异质性位点相同,但异质性mtDNA的含量有差异。结论DHPLC检测mtDNA控制区异质性具有高分辩力;mtDNA控制区异质性在中国汉族人中广泛存在;上述结果可作为mtDNA控制区多态性作个人认定和亲权鉴定的指导性资料。     

单亲亲子鉴定的分析研究

目的从理论和实际应用方面客观评价13～15个STR位点应用于单亲亲子鉴定的准确性。方法依据中国人群基因频率资料,计算单亲亲子鉴定的非父排除率及单亲亲子鉴定的亲子关系概率,并选择有明确排除结论的104例排除案例,分析统计其中父-子二联体出现的排除指标数。结果对于单亲亲子鉴定,选用13～15个STR位点,联合非父排除率为0.9805～0.9906;亲子关系概率均大于99.73%。104例二联体排除案例中,有3例的排除指标数小于2,未发现排除指标为零的现象。结论若应用ProfilerPlus和CofilerPlus试剂盒的13个STR位点进行日常单亲亲子鉴定工作,存在微弱漏判非父的风险,必要时增加检测指标数。不排除案例的单亲亲子鉴定,其亲子概率均可达国际认定标准。     

A research note: the outcome of GC/MS/MS confirmation of hair assays on 93 cannabinoid (+) cases

This article reports the outcome of gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry confirmations for THC and carboxy-THC on 93 hair samples screened by RIA for cannabinoids. The samples were taken from probationers in Pinellas County, FL, who voluntarily provided the research staff with six hair and six urine specimens, collected at 1-month intervals. There were 40 samples that were RIA (+), urinalysis (−). Samples were selected which had cannabinoid (+) outcomes for hair, urine, or both. The THC and/or the carboxy-THC was (+) on confirmation. Of these 40 samples, 22 were (+) for both THC and carboxy-THC, 15 were (+) for THC but not carboxy-THC, and three were carboxy THC (+), but THC (−). Only one sample had a (+) RIA, but was (−) for both THC and carboxy-THC on confirmation. RIA detection of cannabinoids was confirmed in nearly all cases. Most cases that were RIA (−) but urine (+) were cannabinoid (+) when analyzed by GC/MS/MS.     

An empirical test of social control theory

A test of social control theory was operated on a random sample of about 2000 juveniles aged 12 to 18 years. A second test was performed 2 years later on a subsample of the original one, taking into account changes in the life situation with respect to the family, school, work, leisure, peers, and some values connected with delinquency. Both self-report data and official data were collected. Using the HOMALS technique, scales were constructed of family integration (parental control, communication with parents, family activities, and family climate), school integration (liking school, commitment to school values, school performance, and social behavior), leisure and peers (nature and involvement in leisure activities, bravado), and some normative statements. Changes in social integration were measured over a period of 2 years and compared to the impact of official intervention in delinquency cases by police or prosecutor. On the basis of path analysis and a LISREL model, we were able to conclude that there was no impact of police or prosecutor intervention on later delinquency, but there appeared to be a strong and inverse relationship between changes in social integration, or the bond with society, and the frequency of offending.This article is based on two Dutch research reports, which have been published in English inJuvenile Delinquency in the Netherlands (Junger-Tas and Block, 1988).     

和谐社会：中国共产党执政能力的时代内容

十六届四中全会作出了加强党的执政能力建设的重要决定,这是党对执政规律、社会主义建设规律和人类社会发展规律认识深化的重要成果。从加强党执政能力的角度把构建社会主义和谐社会作为党执政的重要目标,是新时期党建思想的鲜明特色。中国共产党是人民利益的忠实代表,适时地提出构建社会主义和谐社会,不仅充分说明党对群众利益的高度关注;而且表明党把创建社会主义和谐社会作为提高执政能力的重要途径、作为检验党的执政能力的重要标尺。创建社会主义和谐社会已经成为党在新世纪新阶段加强党的执政能力建设的时代内容。     

STR复合扩增技术在亲子鉴定中的应用

采用12个荧光标记STR位点复合扩增,进行双亲亲子鉴定和单亲亲子鉴定,取得满意效果.     

上海地区D1S80位点基因频率分布及其在亲子鉴定中的应用

目的：将D1S80位点的DNA多态性分析应用于亲子鉴定。方法;PCR、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及溴已锭染色。结果：获得D1S80位点的DNA多态性分布数据。结论：D1S80位点的PCR检测方法可成功地用于亲权纠纷案的鉴定。     

13个STR基因座在亲子鉴定案例中的基因突变观察

目的 观察美国 CODIS系统的 13个 STR基因座在532例认定亲子关系的亲子鉴定案中的基因突变情况,探讨STR基因座突变率及突变类型。方法 经“Profiler Plus”及“Cofiler”试剂盒检测的587例亲子鉴定案,对其中有1～2个STR基因座不符合遗传规律者,增加HLA等血型基因和“PowerPlex16~(TM)”试剂盒检测。必要时,还增加Y-STR基因座检测和HLA等位基因测序。结果 认定亲子关系的532例,观察1052次减数分裂,发现17例亲子鉴定中的18次基因突变事件,其中16例1个STR基因座的基因发生突变,1例2个STR基因座的基因发生突变;突变的基因座包括D5S818、D3S1358、D16S539、CSFIPO、D21S11、D13S317、D7S820、vWA、D18S51和FGA,其中以FGA和D18S51基因座的突变率最高(0.29％);18次突变事件,其中来自父亲11次,来自母亲5次,无法确定2次。结论 用美国CODIS系统的STR基因座进行亲子鉴定,在有1～2个基因座不符合遗传规律时,要综合分析,并增加其它的遗传标记进行检测。