The Mental Health of 13–17 Year-Olds in Australia: Findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

The prevalence of 3 mental disorders (Depressive Disorder, Conduct Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), the prevalence of mental health problems, and rates of health-risk behaviours among those with problems, along with patterns of service utilisation, are reported for 1490 adolescents aged 13–17 years in Australia. Mental disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV completed by parents. Parents and adolescents also completed standard questionnaires designed to assess mental health problems, health-risk behaviours and service use. On the basis of parent reports, 13% of adolescents were identified as having mental health problems, while 19% were identified as having problems on the basis of adolescent reports. Many of the adolescents with mental health problems also had problems in other areas of their lives. Only 31% of those identified by parents as having mental health problems and 20% of adolescents who identified themselves as having problems, had attended a professional service during the 6 months prior to the survey. School counselling was the service most frequently attended. Clinical and population health interventions must take into account the presence of co-morbid problems and low rates of health service usage reported amongst adolescents with mental health problems.

实施“大学生村官”计划存在的问题及对策

实施＂大学生村官＂计划,是党中央从党和国家事业发展需要出发,立足当前、着眼长远作出的一项重大决策。但该项计划在实施过程中还存在许多困难和问题,各级党委、政府及高校要加强对大学生的教育引导,帮助大学生树立正确的择业观;深化教育教学改革,开展职业教育培训;规范财政投入,落实资金保障;注重对大学生村官的培养使用并做好服务管理。     

高校思想政治教育课教学存在的问题及对策分析

切实加强和改进大学生思想政治教育课的教学工作,对于确保实现社会主义现代化的宏伟目标,具有重大而深远的战略意义。在现实中,思想政治教育课的效果不尽如人意,尚存一些突出问题;针对这些问题,有必要从时代前提、现实需求、立足点选择、教学途径拓宽、教师综合素质提升以及构建社会层面的社会运行机制等多方面寻求对策、总结经验、创新机制,使高校思想政治教育课收到良好效果。     

关于政府成本理论与政府成本研究中的问题

本文所讨论的问题是,在合理界定政府成本概念的基础上建立科学的政府成本理论,并分析当前政府成本领域研究中存在的诸如概念模糊、研究理念相对陈旧、研究范围狭窄、研究方法与研究工具单一等问题。将突破传统地把行政管理建立在单一的政治学范畴,进一步拓宽到包括政治学、社会学、管理学、经济学等在内的研究领域,并取得在政府决策、和谐社会建立、提升政治文明以及在同等资源情况下最大限度地改善公众福利的效果。     

Explaining Final Term Changes in US Congressional Foreign Travel

Recent scholarship demonstrates US legislators acquire human capital (that is, contacts, knowledge, and skills) in Congress that maximises post-elective earnings because they anticipate re-entering the labour market after leaving office. This literature has not, however, addressed how legislators’ expectations of entering specific professions affect their in-office activities. This article examines this question within the context of final term, employment-particular changes in House members’ foreign travel. Representatives entering the private sector are predicted to travel more in the last period to augment their human capital in foreign affairs and signal their expertise to prospective employers, while retiring legislators are expected to travel less because they lack incentives to maintain productivity levels. Analysis supports the former but not the latter prediction.     

中国循证矫正的对象、问题与解决方案

中国监狱开展循证矫正,应当依据高危险性、高价值性、高匹配性三原则和多种方法确定对象,运用测试、观察、访谈等多种方法评估矫正对象犯因性缺陷等问题,善于寻找、鉴定和精选最佳证据,在此基础上,结合矫正对象的特点和意愿制定矫正方案,才能确保循证矫正取得良好效果。     

Substance Abuse Prevention Among High Risk Youth

The abuse of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) by youth is, once again, on the rise, emphasizing the need for prevention intervention. This article discusses the research on the prevention of substance abuse among youth who are identified as especially vulnerable to, or at high risk of, AOD abuse. The individual, interpersonal, and institutional risk factors associated with substance abuse among youth are described. Research on prevention programs for high risk youth is presented next, with a consideration of the methodological problems associated with this research. Despite the problems noted, the findings suggest there may be some effective methods of preventing substance abuse among high risk youth. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for prevention practice, as well as social policy.     

现场勘验信息系统的应用与存在的问题

《全国公安机关现场勘验信息系统》已成为公安部刑事技术专业考核的重要指标,但在使用过程中还存在着诸如录入案件数量较少、已录入案件的信息质量不高、暂存的案件信息质量不完整、"十类案件"勘验信息未全部录入系统、不重视案件串并工作等问题。公安机关应该提高对"现勘系统"的重视程度,加强信息质量监管,同时加强业务培训,提高录入人员素质,规范"现勘系统"的录入程序以及进一步提高"现勘系统"的功能,简化操作过程,以此提高现场勘验信息系统的使用效率,进而提高破案率。     

高校微课研究现状及相关问题探究

微课作为一种新的学习理念,以其＂小、实、新、快＂的特点,迅速成为高校教育教学改革的新路径。目前,国内对微课的研究主要集中在微课的概念与特征、微课的设计与开发,以及微课的应用研究等问题,尚处于起步阶段,在学科视野、研究视角、研究内容、研究对象以及研究方法等方面还存在不足。下一阶段,关于微课的研究应重视和加强对其基础理论、教学模式、教师专业发展与学生学习,以及新技术在微课中的应用等宏观性、潜在性问题的探讨。     

实现城乡发展一体化、解决“三农”问题的根本指导思想——十八大以来习近平关于推进城乡发展一体化问题的论述

中共十八大之后,习近平总书记高度重视"三农"问题,提出了推进城乡发展一体化、解决"三农"问题的一系列理论观点和政策措施,是中国共产党解决"三农"问题的根本指导思想,对于实现全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴具有十分重要的意义。