Alternative Pathways to Violence in Persons with Schizophrenia: The Role of Childhood Antisocial Behavior Problems

Violence in schizophrenia patients may result from many factors besides the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study examined the relationship between childhood antisocial behavior and adult violence using data from the NIMH CATIE study. The prevalence of violence was higher among patients with a history of childhood conduct problems than among those without this history (28.2% vs. 14.6%; P < 0.001). In the conduct-problems group, violence was associated with current substance use at levels below diagnostic criteria. Positive psychotic symptoms were linked to violence only in the group without conduct problems. Findings suggest that violence among adults with schizophrenia may follow at least two distinct pathways-one associated with premorbid conditions, including antisocial conduct, and another associated with the acute psychopathology of schizophrenia.     

我国行政听证制度存在的问题及原因分析

本文拟在分析我国行政听证制度存在问题的基础上,从民主法制建设、行政主体和公民自身等方面来分析和探讨存在问题的原因。     

乡镇机构改革中若干问题的思考

取消农业税後，中国各地正紧锣密鼓地进行乡镇机构改革试点，大规模的改革已箭在弦上。本文对乡镇机构改革试点中出现的一些问题，如政府责任、机构对应、交叉任职、公共物品供给、经济职能、乡村撤并、社会稳定以及上级政府的呼应性改革等进行了讨论。     

哲学问题的审美解答——论庄子把握哲学问题的特殊方式

庄子思想涉及许多普遍永恒的哲学问题,但它却是以一种审美的方式来解决这些问题的.物我两忘、超越主客体的观照视角,非功利、非实用的价值取向,游玩、游戏的趣味和态度,都体现出庄子以审美的方式来化解哲学难题的特殊方式.庄子学说最终要引导人们进入"至美至乐"的境界,这使得其哲学具有不同于以追求真理为目标的西方哲学和以追求善为目标的儒家哲学的特点.     

论毛泽东与邓小平的农民观

毛泽东和邓小平都从解决农民问题入手,来解决中国的革命和改革问题,其战略基点是一致的。毛泽东在探索中国社会主义建设道路过程中,对正确解决农民问题提出了不少有价值的见解。邓小平在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的新时期,继承了毛泽东关于将农民组织起来、发展集体经济、实现共同富裕的基本思想,特别是找到了实现这一基本思想的有效途径和具体方式。     

关于创建学习型农村的几点思考

创建学习型农村 ,是富有时代精神的战略之举 ,是我国根本解决“三农”问题 ,实现全面小康的必由之路     

Eating Problems and Their Risk Factors: A 7-Year Longitudinal Study of a Population Sample of Norwegian Adolescent Girls

The longitudinal stability of eating problems and their relationships to risk factors were investigated in a representative population sample of 623 Norwegian girls aged 13–14 followed over 7 years (3 time points). Three eating problem symptoms were measured: Restriction, Bulimia-food preoccupation, and Diet, all taken from the12-item Eating Attitudes Test. The aim of the study was to investigate the stability of these eating problem symptoms both as separate components (as opposed to total symptom load) as well as from a syndrome perspective. Over 7 years, dieting behavior showed the highest correlational stability (0.32). Regarding stable eating problem syndromes, at all 3 time points, 1 group of girls with generalized eating problems was found, characterized by simultaneously pronounced bulimic tendencies and dieting. However, we did not establish individual stability across 7 years for this syndrome group. Through development, eating problem symptoms were associated with characteristic risk factors. Similarities and differences between findings regarding eating problems and eating disorders are discussed.     

Psychological Distress Following Suicidality Among Gay,Lesbian, and Bisexual Youths: Role of Social Relationships

Longitudinal relations between past suicidality and subsequent changes in psychological distress at follow-up were examined among gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) youths, as were psychosocial factors (e.g., self-esteem, social support, negative social relationships) that might mediate or moderate this relation. Past suicide attempters were found to have higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and conduct problems at a later time than youths who neither attempted nor ideated. Psychosocial factors failed to mediate this relation. The interaction among past suicidality, social support, and negative relationships was associated with subsequent changes in all 3 psychological distress indicators 6 months later. Specifically, high levels of support (either from family or friends) or negative relationships were found to predict increased psychological distress among those with a history of suicide attempts, but not among youths without a history of suicidality. The findings suggest that GLB youths who attempt suicide continue to have elevated levels of psychological distress long after their attempt and they highlight the importance of social relationships in the youths psychological distress at follow-up.Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the biannual meeting of the European Association for Research on Adolescence, Oxford, UK, September 2002; and, at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, San Francisco, CA, November 2003.Associate Professor of Psychology, The City University of New York—The City College and Graduate Center. Received PhD in psychology from New York University. Research interests include the relation of identity to health, the intersection of multiple identities, and the relation of violence to health.Doctoral candidate in Social/Personality Psychology and Health Psychology, The City University of New York—Graduate Center. Research interests include the role of social relationships in the preservation of health and well-being.Research Scientist, HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University. Received doctorate in social welfare (DSW) from The City University of New York—Graduate Center. Research and clinical interests include the design and implementation of interventions for gay, lesbian, and bisexual adolescents.     

统筹城乡发展与解决宁夏“三农”难题

十六届三中全会提出了"五个统筹",其中将"统筹城乡发展"放在首位.这表明,建设现代化农业、发展农村经济、增加农民收入是新时期解决"三农"问题的一个重大课题.统筹城乡经济社会发展是解决宁夏"三农"难题的治本之策,也是宁夏全面实现小康社会的必由之路,更是增强宁夏综合实力的重要途径.     

厦门企业“走出去”的现状、主要问题与对策

本文对厦门市"走出去"的现状、最新动态,存在的主要问题等做了较为详尽的分析,并在此基础上就厦门企业如何更有效地"走出去"从政府和企业两个层面提出对策建议.