Comparing Wife Abuse Perceptions Between Chinese Police Officers and Social Workers

Seventy-one Chinese social workers and 74 Chinese police officers residing in Hong Kong were surveyed on their gender-role attitudes, endorsement of wife abuse myths, and definitions of wife abuse. Results showed that compared to social workers, police officers held more conservative gender-role attitudes, endorsed more myths about wife abuse, and adopted more restrictive definitions of physical and psychological wife abuse. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that definitions of wife abuse were related to different predictors for these two groups of professionals. Among social workers, egalitarian gender-role attitudes were a significant predictor of broad definitions of physical wife abuse, but no significant predictor was found for psychological wife abuse. Among police officers, significant predictors of definitions of physical wife abuse included marital status, educational attainment, and endorsement of wife abuse myths; gender-role attitudes were the only significant predictor of definitions of psychological wife abuse.     

切实抓好村干部培训促进农民致富增收

实现农民增收,离不开各级党委政府强有力的组织领导,离不开村干部的身体力行和模范带头.村干部的作用发挥得如何,取决于他们素质的高低.因此,提高村干部的素质应是县多两级党委政府今后一个时期的重要任务.县乡两级党委政府应把加强村干部培训作为加强农村基层党组织建设的重要内容和促进农民增收的重要环节抓紧抓好.     

切实维护农民工参加社保的权利

农民工社会保障缺失的根源在于没有以人为本,国家、企业、社保部门以及农民工本人在思想认识、行为实践等方面存在问题.工会应从宣传教育、源头参与、平等协商和签订集体合同、坚持开展职工互助保险和送温暖工程等方面实现自身促进农民工加入社保体系的独特作用.     

重视法理学学习,提高法律综合素养

法理学是以整个法律现象的共同性问题及其规律为研究对象的学科。法律专业学生在学好部门法的同时,要强化其法理学方面的知识、理念,使之成为合格的与法治国家相适应的法律工作者。     

农村社会保障体系:现状·问题·对策

在城乡二元社会结构下,我国的农村社会保障过分依赖家庭保障和土地保障,已无法适应当前农村经济社会发展的要求,迫切需要建立符合现代文明,体现社会公平与公正的新型农村社会保障体系。为此,应摈弃“经济发展决定论”片面化的思想误区,着重建立健全三项农村基本社会保障制度,拓宽农村社保资金来源渠道,提升土地保障和家庭保障的“造血”功能。     

我国农民群体的分化及其走向

改革开放以来 ,农民群体的分化不仅表现为职业上的多元化 ,而且在农民群体的阶层变化中还出现了一些质的分化。当前 ,由于多方面的条件制约 ,农民群体的变化与发展仍然存在诸多困难     

Citizenship status and social exclusion in Estonia and Latvia

Abstract

Findings from the Norbalt living conditions surveys in Estonia and Latvia are used to examine whether persons without Estonian and Latvian citizenship are at greater risk of social exclusion than citizens in these two countries. the level of integration into the labor market, participation in civil society and political life, degree of social isolation, and the level of economic resources among the two groups are analyzed. In Estonia non-citizens are more at risk of social exclusion compared to Estonian citizens, while in Latvia one finds no statistically significant difference between the groups. In both countries educational level is much more important than citizenship status in explaining social exclusion.     

民工“自救型犯罪”之犯罪学分析

民工“自救型犯罪”是指当民工的生存、定展受到威胁或合法权益遭受侵害时,他们以犯罪的方式来维护自己的权益;维权成本过高、保障机制缺失、心理失范、法律知识匮乏等是民工“自救型犯罪”产生的原因。因此。需要健全立法和加强执法,将民工纳入科学的社会保险体系．关注民工心理健康,加强民工的法制教育;     

Vladimir Iowa Lenin,Part 1: A Bolshevik Studies American Agriculture

A busy year for Russian revolutionary Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, 1917 also marked the publication of his study of American agriculture. The report reads as more than a historical curiosity, offering insights, however era-bounded, on a variety of topics of substantive and epistemological interest today. Lenin writes of the history of American agriculture, its dynamic regionalism, and its sector-specific class conflicts. Along the way, despite his obvious structural tendencies, we meet an anti-foundational author who, while upbraiding bourgeois economists for their expedient technicism, often in scathing terms, also warns that sweeping conclusions about the sizes of farm and capitalization are problematic in the face of historically dependent and contradictory trends. Here, in the first of the paper’s two parts, we begin to place Lenin’s project in the broader stream of critical agrarian studies, including the classic contrast with agricultural economist Alexander Chayanov, but also the diseconomies of modern agriculture, the biological limits on industrializing food production, and Stalin’s “dekulakization” campaign. Our aims here are more than academic. The exploration is framed by the roles the structure of agriculture and its impacts on its participants play in political change, from elections to revolution.     

Land grabbing,social differentiation,intensified migration and food security in northern Ghana

This paper argues that large-scale land appropriation is displacing subsistence farmers and reworking agrarian social relations in northern Ghana. The recent wave of farmland enclosure has not only resulted in heightened land scarcity, but also fostered a marked social differentiation within farming communities. The dominant form of inequality is an evolving class of landless and near-landless farmers. The majority of households cope with such dynamics by deepening their own self-exploitation in the production process. The fulcrum of this self-exploitation is gendered property rights as part of the conjugal contract, with men exerting a far greater monopoly over land resources than had previously been the case. Due to acute land shortages, women’s rights to use land as wives, mothers and daughters are becoming insecure, as their vegetable plots are being reclassified as male-controlled household fields. The paper further documents the painful choices that landless farmers have to make in order to meet livelihood needs, including highly disciplined, yet low-waged, farm labor work and sharecropping contracts. In these livelihood pathways, there emerge, again, exploitative relations of production, whereby surplus is expropriated from land-dispossessed migrant laborers and concentrated with farm owners. These dynamics produce a ‘simple reproduction squeeze’ for the land-dispossessed. Overall, the paper contributes to the emerging land grabbing literature by showing geographically specific processes of change for large-scale mining operations and gendered differentiated impacts.