关于法律权威性问题的哲学思考

把法律权威丧失的原因归结为法律信仰的失落不失深刻,但也存在着用法律权威之丧失解释法律信仰之失落这种循环论证的可能。结合中国的实际情况,法律信仰缺失有三个方面的原因:一是我们的文化传统促成了法律边缘化;二是我们的现代法律理论导致了对法律的误读;三是现实生活中有法不依对人们法律信心的严重打击,要重建法律的权威性,必须是遵从由生活到制度的逻辑。     

人的价值浅析

人的价值是一个极为重要的哲学问题。文章就什么是人的价值 ,人的价值的基本内容 ,人的价值的实现及其途径进行了探讨 ,有助于人们树立正确的价值观     

谈网络对青少年素质培养的影响

网络作为一种现代媒体,它对人的素质培养尤其是青少年素质培养的影响将远远超过任何一种传统媒体。它的出现将有助于青少年学习观念、平等意识、全球意识、效率观念、奉献精神的培养及人际交往、求知途径的拓宽等。但网络对青少年的素质培养也具有一定的消极作用,对此我们必须予以高度重视。     

儒家善政伦理及其现代化

儒家善政伦理为儒者在国家治理中经长期实践而形成的一种道德体悟。善政的核心是德治。儒家善政伦理要实现复兴只能走现代化之路。     

论国际海上货物运输中承运人的识别

从国际海上货物运输实践中有关提单签发的各种具体情况出发,结合海事司法实践中的相关案例,剖析了目前有关承运人识别中的一些难点问题,并结合相关的法律规定,通过缜密细致的法律解释和推理,归纳总结了正确识别和判定承运人的途径和方法。     

论公安队伍建立诚信机制的必要性

诚信是我国传统道德文化的核心范畴之一,是社会主义荣辱观的重要内容。新时期公安队伍诚信机制,是着力解决公安队伍建设中的深层次问题的迫切需要,是建设现代文明社会、法治社会,促进社会和谐的必然要求。文章论述了新的历史条件下公安队伍建立诚信机制的必要性和紧迫性,探讨了创新公安队伍的管理机制以及促进公安队伍建设的策略与方法。     

迈向共生型的社会规则交往——善治理念与当代中国社会规则交往模式的更新

任何一个社会中都存在多种规则系统,社会秩序治理的一个重要方面就是这些规则系统之间通过相互交往实现社会的有序化。近代以来中国社会的的规则交往基本上是一种替代型的规则交往,呈现为用法律替代习惯的社会规则交往方式,这种交往方式试图实现一元规则为主导的社会秩序治理。这种规则交往方式在当代中国社会中面临着两个方面的现实危机,善治理念提倡一种参与和共治的思想,基于这种理念,社会规则的交往应当生成一种共生型的规则交往方式,这种方式能够体现善治理念的基本要素,有助于实现善治理念的基本目标。     

Re-animating a radioactive landscape: informal life politics in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear disaster

The earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident of 11 March 2011 posed massive and continuing social challenges to communities in the affected areas. People from wide areas around the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear plant received vastly conflicting information about the levels of radiation released and about the likely health effects. They were left facing agonising decisions whether to remain and face possible (but uncertain) long-term health risks, or whether to move away, leaving behind homes, friends, jobs, schools and communities. Focusing on the case of the small farming community of Tōwa in Nihonmatsu City, this article examines self-help activities that have emerged in the affected areas in the wake of 3/11. The activities have included community monitoring of radiation levels and collaborative research with academic scientists to explore ways to reduce radioactive contamination in forests, farm soil and crops. The self-help activities of Tōwa residents can be seen as an example of “informal life politics” – that is, of the way in which grassroots groups respond to challenges to their livelihood or way of life by organising themselves and taking actions outside the sphere of formal governmental structures. It is argued here that the residents of Tōwa were able to respond rapidly to the challenges of the Fukushima disaster because they had already developed informal life politics practices in response to earlier challenges of local economic decline and depopulation. I also suggest that, in responding to the Fukushima disaster, the relationship between the people of Tōwa and their landscape has been profoundly changed, and that this change has implications not just for the community itself but also for the wider world.     

Individual and organizational consequences of employee-determined flexibility in shift schedules of police patrols

This paper determines the impacts of employee-determined flexibility (self-rostering) within police patrol shiftwork systems. The study is based on a cross sectional online survey with police patrol officers from one state of the Federal Republic of Germany (n = 927). The results show that pure employee-determined flexibility on the one hand leads to a good compatibility of shiftwork with social life (individual consequences). On the other hand, it is associated with a loss of work-related social structures and drawbacks concerning work-climate, leadership, as well as reciprocal trust and support (organizational consequences). In contrast, these findings are almost reverted under the traditional Four Shift Groups System which does not provide any self-determined elements. However, a Five Shift Groups System with an employer determined basic roster and some employee determined flexibility provides comparable positive results as the full flexible system considering work–life-balance, but does not share its significant negative effects on social community at work as well as disadvantages regarding leadership.     

Offender’s Personal Circumstances and Punishment: Toward a More Refined Model for the Explanation of Sentencing Disparities

Prior research suggests that offender sex, age, and race are often influential determinants of sentencing outcomes. According to focal concerns theory, they affect sentencing because—due to limited time and information—judges rely on stereotypical behavioral expectations when assessing offender blameworthiness and dangerousness. As such, extralegal offender characteristics may serve as proxies for more specific risk indicators. Whether more complete information on additional risk factors helps account for the effects of extralegal characteristics, however, remains an untested assumption. Therefore, this study analyzes the Dutch data on standardized pre-sentencing reports to examine the influence of personal circumstances of the offender, such as employment, family, and drug use factors, on the likelihood and length of incarceration. The results suggest that personal circumstances exert inconsistent influence over sentencing outcomes and that they fail to significantly mitigate the direct effects of sex and age, but do mitigate the effects of national origin.