生活世界内在关联中的文化历程

化是在日常生活与非日常生活的相互关联中凝结而成的人的相对稳定的生存方式。人类化的历史演进源自于生活世界不同的内部关联。原始化是自在的、神性的化，日常生活世界几乎涵盖生活世界的全部领域；古代农业化是惰性的、奴性的化，非日常生活世界狭小；现代工业化是超越的、自信的精英化，非日常生活世界成为生活世界的主导领域；后工业化是消解性的、自省的市民化，是对日常生活世界的回归。     

ASSOCIATIONS OF FATHERS' HISTORY OF INCARCERATION WITH SONS' DELINQUENCY AND ARREST AMONG BLACK,WHITE, AND HISPANIC MALES IN THE UNITED STATES*

Nearly 13 percent of young adult men report that their biological father has served time in jail or prison; yet surprisingly little research has examined how a father's incarceration is associated with delinquency and arrest in the contemporary United States. Using a national panel of Black, White, and Hispanic males, this study examines whether experiencing paternal incarceration is associated with increased delinquency in adolescence and young adulthood. We find a positive association with paternal incarceration that is robust to controls for several structural, familial, and adolescent characteristics. Relative to males not experiencing a father's incarceration, our results show that those experiencing a father's incarceration have an increased propensity for delinquency that persists into young adulthood. Using a national probability sample, we also find that a father's incarceration is highly and significantly associated with an increased risk of incurring an adult arrest before 25 years of age. These observed associations are similar across groups of Black, White, and Hispanic males. Taken as a whole, our findings suggest benefits from public policies that focus on male youth “at risk” as a result of having an incarcerated father.     

商法上的善意取得制度研究——比较法的启示与中国法的完善

在商法善意取得制度的法律构成上,虽然德国以对处分权的善意为主,日本以有价证券的善意取得为主。英国以公开市场原则为主,美国以禁反言原则为主,但是各国制度实质上殊途同归,均旨在维护商事交易动的安全。我国立法采取民商合一的模式,因欠缺对善意取得制度在商法上独特价值的理性认识,同时陷入了“商法化过度”与“商法化不足”的双重困境。我国宜从商法的角度,梳理和完善《物权法》、《合同法》、《票据法》、《海商法》及《信托法》的相关规则,从而保证形式合理性与实质合理性之契合,并充分尊重商法善意取得制度的相对独立性。     

论卫生法的基本原则

本文从法理的高度讨论了卫生法基本原则的功能和确立标准，分析了目前卫生法学界对卫生法基本原则的归纳存在的不足，进而提出了新的卫生法的基本原则：卫生法治和保护公民生命健康权。     

Mechanisms Influencing the Development of Business Insurance Market in the World and in Poland

The work discusses changes in the business insurance market in the world and in Poland, as well as the impact of financial crisis on the development of this market. Special attention was paid to the mechanisms influencing insurance market operations. It concludes that the symptoms of the crisis of trust toward financial institutions are the most important consequence of the economic slowdown. This paper is the effect of the research conducted by the author for the research project No. 614538/2013. The paper uses the data published in the years 1996-2011 by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and the Polish Chamber of Insurance, and the data of 2008-2011 published by the European Insurance and Reinsurance Federation Insurance Europe. The main purpose of the studies conducted by the author was to answer the question ＂what the effects of financial crisis are on the development of the business insurance market in the world and in Poland＂.     

Immigration in the Life Histories of Women Living in the United States-Mexico Border Region

Abstract

This paper focuses on the role that immigration plays in the lives of very low-income women living along the United States-Mexico border. Life here is distinct from that in any other part of the United States, due to the international, social, political, and economic interdependence that characterizes this region. Thus, from the perspective of migration as a social process, this “contact zone” can provide insight on migration issues that occur within a transborder context. Based on life history interviews and focus groups with women living in two adjoining border cities, Brownsville, Texas and Matamoros, Tamaulipas, we observed the trajectories of women at two points of the migration course: (a) migration from the interior of Mexico to the northern border and (b) emigration across the international boundary to the United States. The study shows that although these women held expectations that migration would improve their lives and the lives of their families, their social and economic integration in the border region met with limited success.     

‘The new Europeans’: the image of the African refugee in European literature

Abstract

This essay examines the representation of African refugees and asylum seekers in European literature in general, as well recent life writings and literature for young adults in particular. Examples will be drawn from writers as diverse as Benjamin Zephaniah and Senait G. Mehari. It is argued that the selected refugee stories invest in narrating an imagined community of ‘the new Europeans’ and thus invite readers to a plural reading of history. Following this train of thought, I am particularly interested in the interplay between images and motifs that evoke and shape various nation-states while illuminating an imagined European community. I therefore seek to excavate a transcultural imagery that characterizes refugee and asylum seekers as the ‘new Europeans’ by utilizing narrative strategies which reflect Paul Ricoeur's ideas about a new ethos for Europe.     

Evaluating the potential of Protestant Christianity to stimulate democracy and good governance in sub-Saharan Africa through the valuing of the individual

ABSTRACT

The global distribution of Christians is expected to change by 2050, with the largest proportion of Christians – more than a billion – residing in sub-Saharan Africa. Historical and empirical studies have argued for a positive relationship between the proportion of Christians – Protestants in particular – and the development of liberal democracy. A key explanation for this positive influence is cultural, namely the valuing of the individual. Could the growth in Christianity have the potential to influence democratic development and good governance in the sub-Saharan region? To test our hypotheses – (1) sub-Saharan states with proportionally larger Protestant populations are more likely to have higher levels of democracy and good governance, and (2) sub-Saharan states with growing Protestant populations are more likely to have increasing levels of democracy and good governance – we employ a longitudinal and cross-sectional study (a panel of data) using data from the World Christian Database, Polity IV and the International Country Risk Guide. Our data show that the population share of Protestants is positively related with both levels of and growth in democracy and good governance. With the spread of Protestantism we could expect the future improvement of democracy and governance in the region.     

A Life-Course Perspective on Incarcerated Women’s Views on Adulthood

Drawing on 35 in-depth interviews with incarcerated women, supplemented by mail correspondence with a sub-sample of these women, I explore how the participants interpret their early life-course experiences when reflecting on their transition to adulthood and, subsequently, their views on adult roles and responsibilities. The women’s narratives indicate that early experiences with trauma, along with premature entries into adult roles, result in a disorganized transition to adulthood. The findings also suggest that the women’s accelerated transitions to adulthood shape their views on adult roles, pointing to a need to incorporate discussions of age-normative timetables in efforts to assist at-risk and incarcerated women.