公共交通安全保卫视野下的警务风险探析

公共交通安全保卫领域中警务行为对象的高风险性、内容的冲突性、方式的法律规制性及警务人员风险防范意识匮乏和战术技能低下使得警务风险问题凸显,提高警务人员的风险识别能力,提升风险防范意识,强化警务技能及战术配合,构建立法及制度屏障无疑是警务工作中应对风险的务实态度。     

警务活动与非警务活动之界分——一个辩证的观点

警务活动与非警务活动之界分是公安执法实践中的一个重要问题，对基层公安工作有很大的影响。目前学界对公安机关警务活动与非警务活动的界分存在一定的问题，公安机关警务活动的范围应当依据法律的规定以及公安机关自身的性质来决定。警务活动可分为主体型与非主体型警务活动，很多所谓的“非警务活动”，其实应当属于警务活动的范畴。相应地，这些“非警务活动”之所以造成了不良影响，原因不在于其是“非警务活动”，而在于执法的规范化存在问题。     

契约式治安保险联防——一种探索中的中国警事治理模式

警事社会化既是对国际社会成功经验的总结,也是我国警务改革的主要方向.在计划经济时期提出的社会治安综合治理是我国警事社会化的早期形式,随着市场经济的飞速发展,已经有很多方面不适应.如何实现与市场经济的有效对接,走好警事社会化道路,创新具有我国特色的警事治理模式,契约式治安保险联防树立了一个新典型.     

走出平等与效率关系困境的出路——基于对西方学者观点的分析

平等与效率的关系一直是经济学等社会科学研究的焦点问题.但由于对平等范畴的不同理解,导致在如何认识和处理平等与效率关系的问题上众说纷纭,使其成为社会科学的难点问题之一.全面、准确解读西方主流学者的观点,科学地界定平等范畴的内涵,可能是走出平等与效率关系困境的出路.在市场经济中处理平等与效率的关系时,必须坚持社会第一平等——机会均等基础上的资源配置效率,效率基础上实现社会第二平等——收入差别平等.这是实践科学发展观,建设和谐社会的内在要求.     

试论加强党的执政能力建设

执政能力建设的提出具有深刻的背景,我们要准确把握执政能力建设的内涵和发展方向。只有取得高的执政效率的执政党才能具有高的执政能力。而执政方式问题决定着执政活动的成本与产出,是执政效率的决定性因素,是执政能力建设的关键。     

Is a problem shared a problem halved? Shared services and municipal efficiency

It has long been argued that shared services represent an efficacious means of securing efficiencies for municipalities. Indeed, pressures from fiscal austerity, taxation limitations, and the specter of forced amalgamations have resulted in an increasing uptake of shared service arrangements. However, the extant evidence is rather inconclusive and is largely restricted to analyzing the nett efficiency outcomes for the specific service shared. We broaden this evidential base by examining the association between shared service production and the efficiency of entire municipalities. Our analysis, employing a 5‐year panel of data, suggests that shared services are associated with a statistically significant reduction in overall municipal efficiency. We conclude by explicating on the public policy implications arising from our prima facie surprising results.     

结构性变动对劳动生产率的影响：模型与实证

结构性改革的重点是通过经济结构变动、调整和优化,在市场配置的基础上充分促进劳动力流动,让低效率部门劳动力充分向高效率部门流动,从而激发劳动者的生产积极性,促进劳动生产率增长。因此,理论上两部门结构性效率差异模型分析了高效率部门和低效率部门之间劳动力流动对于激发劳动者积极性、提升劳动生产率的影响。在此基础上,使用1978-2017年城乡结构、产业结构、所有制结构、区域结构等年度时间序列数据,分析各自对于劳动生产率变动的影响。计量结果表明,在各种结构性变动因素影响劳动生产率的作用中,按照大小顺序依次是城市化、区域经济适度均衡并允许有条件区域加快发展、市场化和产业结构优化。因此,要通过有效促进城镇化、发达区域经济适度领先发展、市场化和产业结构高度化,来提高劳动生产率。     

Voluntary policing in Sweden: media reports of contemporary forms of police–citizen partnerships

Many Western-style democracies have witnessed a general shift in the distribution of crime prevention responsibility, away from the state and increasingly to citizens themselves. Civil society is today more and more often called upon as an additional policing resource. This article explores the phenomenon of voluntary citizen participation in policing in Sweden, based on an analysis of 9280 news-media articles. One state-sanctioned (the Volunteers of the Police) and one autonomous civic (Missing People Sweden) initiative were examined, from their respective start until 2017, to understand the role played by police–citizen partnerships in the establishment and legitimation of voluntary policing forms in Sweden. A high degree of integration between police and volunteer work was found, enabling not only effective citizen participation, but also having an influence on police operations. The more effective and publicly visible the voluntary policing bodies were, the more pressure there was on the police to defend its legitimacy, ally itself with the volunteers and regulate the latter’s activities while holding them responsible for their actions. Arguably, however, with the police–citizen relationship being one of integration and mutual dependence, the division of labour and the accountability of both parties risk becoming blurred or even confused.     

黑社会性质组织犯罪的经济分析

黑社会性质组织犯罪的本质特征在于以违法犯罪的手段对内进行人身控制,对外进行经济控制。要有效地惩罚和预防黑社会犯罪,必须提高黑社会性质组织犯罪的预期刑罚成本,提高由于刑罚带来的机会成本的损失,并且通过实施社会效益最大化的公共政策,争取以最小的成本,取得最大的控制犯罪的收益。     

试论相对不起诉及其不当性

随着相对不起诉制度于1996年在我国的确立,免予起诉制度在运行了十七年之后终被废止。该制度旨在追求司法效率,但却以牺牲司法公正为代价,不仅表现在对被害人与被不起诉人之间的保护失衡,而且存在着损害二者合法权益的隐患,甚至对检察机关与审判机关的公信力也产生了不同程度的减损。鉴于此,该制度的完善或存废问题值得我们进行深刻反思。