论公共决策系统的活动特质及其风险

公共决策系统在公共政策制定的过程中具有自身独特的活动特质．其决策行为具有相对独立性、目标指向性。行为选择性和利益倾向性。公共决策系统在公共决策过程中存在着多种风险因素，如决策信息的完备性程度、决策程守的规范化程度和决策方法的科学化程度等。因此，必须采取相应的对策，强化公共决策信息系统，提高决策信息的完备性程度；加强对公共决策的监督，促进决策的规范化和民主化；吸收现代决策科学的理论和方法，提升决策方法的科学化程度．从而降低公共决策风险．提高公共决策的效率和质量。     

健全党的决策监督机制

作为执政党 ,尤其是作为无产阶级的执政党 ,中国共产党为了保证自己的领导决策符合人民的利益 ,就必须自觉地建立起一套科学有效的决策监督机制。本文从我们党的决策监督的实际出发 ,分析了党的决策监督机制的构成和功能 ,对党的决策监督机制存在的问题进行了探讨 ,并提出了健全党的决策监督机制的措施和方法。     

Zero-tolerance schooling: education policy,crime, and democracy in post-Soviet Georgia

This paper explores the consequences of the massive investment in criminal justice in Georgia following the Rose Revolution of 2003. We argue that this resulted in “governing through crime” – the outflow of criminal justice practices and logics into other unrelated policy spheres. We demonstrate this by looking at responses to the issue of safety in schools. We show that up to 2007, despite a moral panic surrounding school violence, policy-makers were able to resist knee-jerk punitive reactions in favor of evidence-based, preventive approaches in the relatively transparent atmosphere of Mikheil Saakashvili's first term. By 2008, however, schools increasingly began to become the objects of central government intervention and education policy became harsher and more punitive. In 2010, Police Academy-trained School Resource Officers were introduced into all schools throughout Georgia, with troubling consequences for both teachers and students. The paper shows that this move was primarily the result of the more interventionist, executive-driven, and opaque policy-making process in Saakashvili's second term, which left unchallenged the circulation of personnel, expertise, and policy from the hypertrophied criminal justice institutions into the education sphere.     

Rapporteur-shadow rapporteur networks in the European Parliament: The strength of small numbers

Specialisation and delegation of policy leadership within committees is the norm rather than the exception in legislatures around the world. Yet, little research has studied the sub-groups of lawmakers who serve as policy leaders on particular bills. This article uses conceptual and methodological tools from social network analysis to investigate the groups’ composition and relational structure. It tests the proposition that limited human resources lead lawmakers from small parties to more frequently engage with a greater number of colleagues from other parties across a wider range of policy areas. This may have important relational benefits that have the potential to outweigh the structural disadvantages of small party size. The article examines whether small party lawmakers participate more, are more central and have greater potential for brokerage in policy-making networks, or if the constraints associated with small party size and/or particular ideological leanings prevent their realisation. Empirically, the analyses focus on working relationships between rapporteurs and shadow rapporteurs in the adoption of reports by standing committees of the 7^th European Parliament, 2009–2014. Methodologically, a mixed methods approach is employed. The quantitative analyses show that small party size does not affect legislators’ participation in policy-making networks, but that it increases legislators’ centrality and brokerage potential. Regarding ideology, being committed to democratic participation as a good in itself has a positive association with all three outcomes, while attitudes to European integration show no effect. The qualitative data suggest that the relational benefits of belonging to a small party partially mitigate the structural disadvantages associated with it. They also indicate that policy making in the European Parliament is quite inclusive, as any systematic exclusion tends to be the result of self-marginalisation.     

试论如何解决公民参与政府决策的困境

公民参与政府决策有常态参与和非常态参与。公民的参与有种种限制,而且作为分散的个体其影响也往往是微不足道的,但通过强大的组织力量来间接参与政府决策,将会产生很大影响。     

试论公安决策情报工作

公安决策情报工作是直接服务于公安决策的一项基础性工作,具有目标明确、突出服务、突出应用的特点。它服务公安决策,具有耳目、预测、参谋、反馈、宣传等功能。做好公安决策情报工作,应坚持以马克思主义为指导思想、坚持实事求是、坚持理论与实践相结合、坚持深入实际、坚持科学真理等原则。     

东盟决策机制与东盟一体化

东盟的决策机制深具亚洲特点,东盟首脑会议和部长会议,尤其是外交部长和经济部长会议是东盟的主要决策机构;这些机构奉行全体一致原则、不干涉内政原则、y—x原则和协商原则,充分体现了东盟各国追求平等、互相尊重而又灵活应变的精神;颇具特色的决策机制有效地推动了东南亚国家的一体化,但随着东盟的扩大和深化,这一决策机制也暴露出沟通不足、效率低下等问题,如何改进决策机制,乃是东盟新世纪发展的重要课题。     

政府决策视阈下的高校服务保障探究

高校的办学效率涵盖诸多方面,服务保障的效率是其中的重要内容。可在多个层面对高校的服务保障效率展开研究,但优化政府决策是一个根本性问题。笔者认为,应从整体的角度,统筹高校服务保障的全局;用改革的方式,破解高校服务保障的难题;以发展的视野,探寻高校服务保障的趋势。