政治合法性视角下的中国贫富差距问题研究

政治合法性是政治学中的一个核心概念，它涉及民众对政治统治合法性的认可及自愿服从程度，对于建设和谐社会、维护社会稳定具有重要意义。贫富差距的扩大已成为影响社会和谐进步的障碍。将二者结合起来研究具有时代价值和意义。     

重视解决高校贫困生的精神贫困问题

随着我国高校收费制度的改革和高等教育的迅猛发展，高校贫困生规模也在逐年增加。贫困生由于经济和生活等条件较差，容易产生自我意识相对迷失、个体心理容易失衡、人际交往面临困境等问题。高校应该对贫困生进行物质和精神双方面扶持，加强精神扶持力度。为此，要从政策关怀、心理关怀、人文关怀、自我关怀等四个方面努力构建贫困生精神关怀助困体系。     

浅析儒家思想对古代未成年人刑事司法制度的影响

在我国古代的刑事司法制度中,未成年人均在不同程度上受到了国家和社会的特殊优恤。这些优恤政策主要是在儒家思想的影响形成的,具体而言是儒家"仁政"、"宽刑"的治国理念和"济贫救弱"、"矜老恤幼"的社会保障思想。在这两种思想影响下,形成了我国古代独具特色的国家、社会、家族三方面协调保护未成年人的制度。     

Mobilisational citizenship: sustainable collective action in underprivileged urban Chile

While academics have addressed the interaction between mobilisation and citizenship in a myriad of ways, none of them have used citizenship to explain the sustainability of collective action. Drawing on an ethnographic fieldwork in Santiago de Chile’s underprivileged neighbourhoods, this paper provides an analytical framework explaining how neighbourhood activists sustain mobilisation on the basis of citizenship construction despite Chile’s transitional and post-transitional stark political exclusion. This article calls this concept ‘mobilisational citizenship’. Building on the notion of rights-claiming, mobilisational citizenship explains how durable mobilisation results from the dynamic interaction between four factors: agentic memory, mobilising belonging, mobilising boundaries and decentralised protagonism. Through mobilisational citizenship, local residents politicise their neighbourhood, build autonomous local empowerment and self-define their political incorporation.     

台湾贫富分化的实像与虚像

进入转型期以来,台湾贫富分化呈现出扩大的趋势。但是检视台湾贫富分化的数据可以发现,台湾贫富差距的客观状态并不严重,相反则是台湾民众对贫富分化的感受远远超过其客观事实。台湾贫富分化这种主观感受与客观状态不匹配的状况不仅是民进党“阶级论述”中对贫富分化议题宣传操纵的结果,更重要的它还是台湾各种经济社会矛盾在台湾民众生活感受中的综合体现。因此,即使抛开政治因素,台湾贫富分化问题也值得台湾当局予以深度重视。     

Citizenship narratives in the face of bad governance: the voices of the working poor in Bangladesh

The complex nature of the challenge posed by state–society relations to the realization of citizenship rights in poorer countries reflects the unwillingness as well as incapacity on the part of the state to guarantee basic security of life and livelihoods to its citizens, and its proneness to capture by powerful elites. Identity, affiliations, and access to resources continue to be defined by one's place within a social order that is largely constituted by the ascribed relationships of family, kinship, and community. These ‘given’ relationships pervade all spheres of society and render irrelevant the idea of an impersonal public sphere that individuals enter as bearers of rights, equal in the eyes of the law. This paper explores the proposition that the possibility of belonging to alternative associations whose membership is chosen rather than ascribed by social position offers pathways to a more democratic social order. Bangladesh offers an interesting context to explore this proposition both because it embodies many of the problems of bad governance outlined above and because it contains a large number of civil society associations, many of which work primarily with the poor. The paper is based on interviews with members of some of these organizations in rural and urban areas of the country.     

高校特困生的不良心理状态分析及对策

心理健康问题严重困扰着高校特困生群体,对其人生观、价值观的形成有着重要影响。各高校应提高对特困生心理健康教育工作重要性的认识,通过构建特困生救助体系,培养特困生健康的心理品质;通过加强特困生的心理咨询和教育,做好"心理解困"工作,使之形成健全的人格。     

贵州少数民族贫困女大学生人文素质培养目标和培养途径

人文素质是大学生诸多素质当中最根本、最基础的素质,是人类发展中起基础性作用的品质,对于其它素质的形成和发展具有很强的渗透力和影响力。因此必须加强大学生人文素质的教育和培养,特别是少数民族贫困女大学生人文素质的教育和培养,尤其在贵州。文中通过对贵州6所主要高校少数民族贫困女大学生的人文素质状况的调查和分析,有针对性地提出贵州少数民族贫困女大学生人文素质培养的必要性、培养目标和培养途径等的认识。     

The Poet and the Poor Law. Reflections Upon John Clare's ``The Parish'

This article argues that the work of the hedgerow poet John Clare is invaluable for legal social history in illuminating the reality of the operation of the poor law as it affected the lives of the poor. Clare's poem,The Parish, written between 1823–6 was not published during the author's lifetime. Written as he first achieved fame, it consists of 2,202 lines of satire denouncing the cant and hypocrisy he himself had witnessed and experienced in local village life. His Parish was his settlement parish where he and his parents were subject to the power of the vestry and local officials. This piece considers the text within the context of the legal history of the poor law. The value ofThe Parish as a primary source for that legal history is not merely in the simple narrative of biographical events allied to the poet's words, evocative as they are. It lies in the subtleties of Clare's own ambiguity about being poor and in the way those ambiguities assist us today both in understanding Clare's times and values and in hearing Clare mediating the universal experience of poverty through his art. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

浅谈“先富”向“共富”转变过程中的公平与效率问题

中共十六届五中全会审议并通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议》,其中“共同富裕”成为了亮点之一,在“先富”向“共富”转变这样一个特殊时期,很多人认为不应该再提“效率优先”了,“注重公平”才是头等重要的大事。然而,正是在这样一个特殊时期,坚持“效率优先”更具有不容轻视的重要意义。