农村困难家庭危房改造政策的绩效评价——以浙江杭州为例

农村困难家庭危房改造是由农村低保危房家庭自愿提出申请,政府予以补助,采用新建、改建、扩建、修缮、置换、租用等方式实行住房救助的一项公共政策。本文通过国内外公共政策绩效评估方法回顾,结合农村困难家庭危房改造绩效表达的特殊性,从直接绩效和带动绩效两个维度,采用综合分析和民意调查相结合的方法,比较分析各利益相关者的目标实现程度和带动效应。直接绩效主要表现在救助受益面扩大,改造任务超额完成;公平公正凸现,最困难群众得到优先救助;居住条件改善,困难家庭居住品质明显提高;惠民政策整合,困难家庭建房负担减轻;工作机制创新,危房改造政策绩效显现。带动效应主要表现为促进了困难群众就业增收,密切了党群关系,促进了社会和谐,加快了城乡一体化进程。但是,由于危房改造面对的是农村最困难的群体,工作推进难度大,需要解决的矛盾多,需要采取相应措施进一步完善。     

我国贫富分化境况浅析

我国贫富分化问题现已越来越严重，主要表现为：城乡差距悬殊，地区差距明显和部门行业之间差距扩大，这主要是由自然条件和生态条件不同、教育投入与资本投入不均衡和社会保障滞后等问题所导致。今后应采取从严控制人口数量、合理利用资源、注重发展农村经济、加强地区间的协调发展、努力发展社会保障事业、借鉴国外成功经验等措施，来对此进行有效控制。     

假冒伪劣商品屡禁不止的原因及对策

假冒伪劣商品问题已经成为影响我国经济和社会发展的不容忽视的问题,虽经多方治理,但屡禁不止。根治假冒伪劣也绝非一朝一夕即可奏效,必须从认识上、管理体制上、经营运行机制上采取措施,强化市场监管、整顿经济程序,保障市场经济发展的渠道畅通。     

发挥政府的转移支付职能缩小贫富差距

贫困是世界普遍存在的问题,缩小贫富差距是各国政府都极其重视的问题,充分发挥政府转移支付的职能,是缩小贫富差距的、有效的、基本的方式之一。转型期我国的财力还有限,在这种情况下,如何实现转移支付的效用最大化,调整政府财政支出结构,减少政府投资性支出,降低行政成本,向教育科技文化、公共卫生医疗、社保、农业等领域倾斜是唯一的选择。     

论西晋乐府诗的雅化

西晋乐府诗集中出现于太康之前，与西晋诗人多“寒素”出身，追求以儒学、文章入仕有关。受西晋礼乐的影响，西晋乐府诗具有雅化的特点，既正视现实、重视道德，又极力追求词采繁富、刻划精工，体现着自觉为政教服务的精神。     

加大旅游扶贫力度 促进桂林“两个建成”

到2020年桂林市全面建成小康社会,基本建成国际旅游胜地"两个建成"目标,是当前和今后一个时期桂林市的首要任务,旅游是桂林的优势产业和支柱产业,把旅游和扶贫工作结合起来,在贫困地区开发旅游业,使贫困人口尽快脱贫致富,是实现"两个建成"的重要举措。本文根据扶贫攻坚的现状和目标任务,论述了旅游开发对扶贫的意义和作用、桂林旅游开发扶贫的条件和优势,进而提出了桂林贫困地区旅游开发扶贫的对策建议。     

Petitioning in the Scottish church courts, 1638–1707

ABSTRACT

This article explores the use of petitions in, and by, the courts of the Church of Scotland. It distinguishes between routine petitions and addresses concerning matters of national significance. The former were submitted to the church courts by individuals or groups, and requested that the courts take decisions or perform particular actions. These petitions reveal much about the exercise of discipline, poor relief and ecclesiastical administration, and provide rich evidence of the engagement of ordinary people with the church courts. The second type of petition was usually addressed to parliament or another secular body by one of the higher church courts. In studying petitions on national affairs, we can identify how the formulae of humble supplication were adapted for the purpose of protest, and thus comment on the tensions between the ecclesiastical and civil authorities of early modern Scotland.     

USING STATE LEGAL NEEDS STUDIES TO INCREASE ACCESS TO JUSTICE FOR LOW‐INCOME FAMILIES

State legal needs studies quantify and classify the legal problems faced by low‐income families, which is crucial to obtaining and allocating resources. Providers and courts perceive a greater need for family law help than do low‐income households, an important disparity to examine. State legal needs of the poor studies are most valuable when they provide insights into how families' legal needs are or are not being met, allowing for more informed and effective recommendations and action. These measurements of the justice gap go beyond mere recitations of statistics and are useful in increasing access to justice for families.     

后小康时代我国相对贫困治理的挑战与应对

在全面消除绝对贫困后,我国的贫困治理已转向相对贫困.当前,我国的国际方位、发展方位、社会主要矛盾发生了历史性变化,相对贫困治理也面临着相对贫困人群瞄准难、相对贫困扶持精准供给难、"能力贫困"及"精神贫困"韧性大、碎片化与系统化矛盾调和难等挑战.后小康时代,应构建相对贫困治理长效机制,织密多维动态识别、政策统筹衔接、持续...     

Rich doctors and poor patients: Market failure and health care systems in developing countries

This article argues that, in developing countries, health care systems (HCS) have been facing the problem of market failure, implying that the fair rules of market principles do not apply and patients often become losers. Explaining the theoretical issues involved, the article examines various causes of market failures in HCS, including: rent-seeking activities by doctors, asymmetric information between doctors and patients, between patients and insurance companies, and the oligopolistic behaviour of health care practitioners. The policy implications of the study suggest that, in many cases, government intervention is essential to eliminate market failures in the HCS in developing countries.