In the Wake of 'Good Governance': Impact Assessments and the Politicisation of Statutory Interpretation

For some time 'regulatory reform' has been a government watchword, and the streamlining and improved quality of regulation its professed ambition. Impact assessments (formerly known as regulatory impact assessments) are a significant ingredient in these governmental initiatives, now promoted by the newly created Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. Just as they have come to refer rather freely to the Explanatory Notes that now accompany all public Acts of Parliament, judges have also begun to invoke impact assessments when construing legislation. This paper investigates the extent of this practice and the manner in which judges employ impact assessments. It warns of the potential consequences if the judiciary avails itself too readily of these highly politicised, and sometimes deceptive, documents.
'The aim of good prose words is to mean what they say.'
G. K. Chesterton, Daily News 22 April 1905     

加强大学生诚信网络教育的思考

从诚信教育的角度来说,大学生网络学习主要有自主性学习和自发性学习二种形式。针对大学生网络学习的特点,大学生诚信的网络教育应当采取积极性和消极性二种策略,这二种策略做法不同,却又相辅相成,共同构成大学生诚信网络教育的整体思路。     

关怀型伦理环境对员工亲组织非伦理行为的影响 —— 基于医药企业的调查

工作场所中的员工亲组织非伦理行为违背了社会伦理准则,但其亲组织性却可以促进组织获取利益,综合而言,该行为兼具了利己与利他动机。基于情感事件理论框架,构建以情感承诺为中介,以积极情绪为调节的中介模型,检验关怀型伦理环境对员工亲组织非伦理行为影响的内在机制。收集来自北京和哈尔滨6家医药企业的调研数据,运用多层次线性回归分析和验证性因素分析法进行实证分析。研究结果表明,关怀型伦理环境对员工的亲组织非伦理行为具有显著的正向影响;情感承诺在关怀型伦理环境与亲组织非伦理行为的关系中发挥部分中介作用;积极情绪在关怀型伦理环境与情感承诺的关系中发挥正向调节作用;积极情绪在情感承诺与亲组织非伦理行为的关系中发挥正向调节作用。     

The state of the art in privacy impact assessment

There is growing interest in Europe in privacy impact assessment (PIA). The UK introduced the first PIA methodology in Europe in 2007, and Ireland followed in 2010. PIAs provide a way to detect potential privacy problems, take precautions and build tailored safeguards before, not after, the organisation makes heavy investments in the development of a new technology, service or product. This paper presents some findings from the Privacy Impact Assessment Framework (PIAF) project and, in particular, the project's first deliverable, which analyses the similarities and differences between PIA methodologies in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, with a view to picking out the best elements which could be used in constructing an optimised PIA methodology for Europe. The project, which began in January 2011, is being undertaken for the European Commission's Directorate General Justice. The first deliverable was completed in September. The paper provides some background on privacy impact assessment, identifies some of its benefits and discusses elements that can be used in construction of a state-of-the-art PIA methodology.     

积极心理资源的高校教师党员激励策略探析

青年大学生是祖国未来的希望,青年强,则中国强。高校教师党员担当了青年思想政治素质提升的主要引领角色,在意识形态建设工作中承担了重要任务。对教育者的教育显得尤为重要。基于积极心理学理论,对高校教师提出意见建议如下:思想激励是基石;文化激励是动力;愿景激励是保证;情感激励是手段。     

党的执政环境和执政能力良性互动的透视

新形势下,全面提高党的建设科学化水平,就必须切实提高党的执政能力,改善党的执政环境.执政环境的优化和执政能力的增强是辩证统一、相互促进的统一体.党在执政过程中面临着严峻复杂的执政环境,而优化党的执政环境是提高执政能力的基石,同时执政能力对执政环境也有着重要的能动作用.面对党加强自身执政能力建设的任务,就必须对党的执政环境进行有效的优化和改善.     

多样化社会思潮对大学生思想行为的影响及对策研究

通过对浙江省在校大学生的问卷调查,我们发现,多样化社会思潮在高校校园的集散,正对大学生思想行为发生着复杂性影响:马克思主义在高校校园多样化社会思潮中占据着主导地位,并对大学生思想行为发生着深刻影响;多样化社会思潮对大学生思想行为的影响具有复杂性;一些错误社会思潮对大学生思想行为的负面影响不容忽视。我们应主动回应、积极应对多样化社会思潮的挑战,坚持以马克思主义主流意识形态引领多样化社会思潮。     

Privacy and the regulation of 2012

This paper explores the European Commission’s proposal for a new Regulation to update and reform data protection law in Europe. As regards the Regulation itself, without presenting an exhaustive analysis of all the provisions, this paper aims to highlight some significant changes proposed to the data protection regime by comparison between Directive 95/46 and the proposed Regulation. It takes particularly into account legislative innovation concerning data protection principles, data subjects’ rights, data controllers and data processors obligations, and the regulation of technologies. Before analyzing these innovations, it introduces some considerations about the Commission’s choice to use a Regulation instead of a Directive to harmonize national data protection regime.     

司法的不法与司法的不正义（下）——违背实在法证成原则和衡平与正义原则

在司法过程中，法官不依法裁判就是司法的不法，没有公平与公正裁判就是司法的不正义。在司法领域也存在着如下的拉德布鲁赫公式：在司法的不法与虽不正义但仍属依法裁判的司法之间划出一条截然分明的界限是不可能的，但最大限度明晰地作出另外一种划界还是可能的，即凡正义根本不被追求或构成正义之核心的公开、公平、公正原则有意不被承认的司法裁决，就不仅仅是司法的不正义，它根本上就是司法的不法。     

浅析合同效力之根源

把握合同效力根源是西方法学的理论精髓。合同效力的根源是积极信赖下当事人意志作用和消极信赖下国家公法潜在保护的共同作用的结果。在我国合同法制度中构建我国的合同效力相关制度,有利于我国社会主义市场经济的发展。